Candelariella xanthostigmoides ( Muell .Arg.) R.W.Rogers. Muelleria5: 32. 1982.

Westberg, Martin & Clerc, Philippe, 2012, Five species of Candelaria and Candelariella (Ascomycota, Candelariales) new to Switzerland, MycoKeys 3, pp. 1-12 : 6

Candelariella xanthostigmoides ( Muell.Arg.) R.W.Rogers. Muelleria5: 32. 1982.

Basionym.

Lecanora xanthostigmoides Müll.Arg., Flora65: 484. 1882.

Lectotype.

AUSTRALIA. New South Wales: Parramatta, W. Woolls (G! [G00290997], designated by Rogers 1982: 32).

New to Europe. This species is morphologically identical to Candelariella efflorescens and can only be separated when fertile on account of its 8-spored asci compared to the c. 30-spored asci in Candelariella efflorescens ( Lendemer and Westberg 2010). The majority of the small, sorediate specimens in Candelariella are sterile and the distribution and frequency of the two species is thus poorly known. We found three fertile specimens with 8-spored asci which correspond well in all characters to Candelariella xanthostigmoides . These specimens were mostly collected in humid places on Salix sp., Betula sp. and Alnus sp. The two specimens collected in the framework of the Red List project were identified as Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau, another 8-spored, sorediate species. The latter species is however morphologically distinct also when sterile (see Lendemer and Westberg 2010). Earlier, the name Candelariella sorediosa Poelt & Reddi had been used occasionally (e.g., Poelt and Vězda 1977) for similar specimens from Europe. We prefer to use the older name Candelariella xanthostigmoides as the distinction between these two species is not clear and the type of Candelariella sorediosa is poor (see also Lendemer and Westberg 2010).

Specimens examined.

Basel-Land: Arisdorf, alt. 435 m, 4 Aug 1998, Frei (G 00057814); Jura: Le Noirmont, alt. 985 m, 8. Aug 1996, Groner (G 00057813); Schwytz, Rothenturm-Sattel, alt. 910-960 m, 30 Sept 1969, Frey (G 00122119).