Scorpaenidae

Fricke, Ronald, Allen, Gerald R., Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Hamel, Mélanie A., Laboute, Pierre, Mana, Ralph, Hui, Tan Heok & Uyeno, Daisuke, 2014, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records, Zootaxa 3832 (1), pp. 1-247 : 49-54

Scorpaenidae

Caracanthus maculatus (Gray, 1831) —Spotted coral croucher

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on WAM material (WAM P.30621-007). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Cocos-Keeling Islands and Indonesia east to Marshall and Tuamotu islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland ( Australia). Found among branching corals, 1– 30 m. Marine.

Caracanthus unipinna (Gray, 1831) —Grey coral croucher

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by W.-J. Chen, St. PB 51. WAM material (WAM P.30621-008).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa east to Marshall and Tuamotu islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Found among branching corals, 1– 40 m. Marine.

Dendrochirus zebra ( Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) — Zebra lionfish, zebra turkeyfish ( Fig. 6 ) STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by P. Laboute on 3 Dec. 2012.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa east to Marshall Islands, Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Shark Bay (Western Australia), Lord Howe and Norfolk islands. Found on coral, rubble, or rock bottoms of reef flats, also in lagoon habitats, 1– 80 m. Marine.

Iracundus signifer Jordan & Evermann, 1903 —Decoy scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen, St. PB 34. NTUM material (NTUM 10137).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian, Marquesas and Tuamotu islands. Secretive on rubble bottoms, 20– 110 m. Marine.

Parascorpaena mcadamsi (Fowler, 1938) —Ocellated scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on WAM material (WAM P.30630-024). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. South and East Africa east to Marshall Islands, north to Taiwan, south to Western Australia, Queensland ( Australia), and New Caledonia. Secretive in coral reefs, 0– 70 m. Marine.

Parascorpaena mossambica (Peters, 1855) — Mozambique scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on CAS, NTUM and USNM material (CAS 207713; NTUM 10170; USNM 265941); a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen, St. PR 203.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa east to Marshall and Society Islands, north to Izu Islands, Japan, south to New Caledonia and Rapa. Secretive in mixed sand and rubble on reef flats and lagoon reefs, 0– 18 m. Marine.

Pteroidichthys amboinensis Bleeker, 1856 —Tentacled scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 30. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea; Indonesia to Philippines and Papua New Guinea, north to Ryukyu Islands. Found among algae and in seagrass beds in lagoon habitats, 3– 25 m. Marine.

Pterois antennata (Bloch, 1787) —Broadbarred firefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed, photographed and collected at St. CTR 0 8, CTR 14, CTR 15, CTR 16, CTR 22, CTR 28, CTR 29, CTR 31, CTR 33; a specimen collected by W.- J. Chen, St. PB 34. AMS, CAS, MNHN, NTUM and WAM material (AMS I.1671 -008; CAS 65999, 66003, 78658, 78659; MNHN uncat.; NTUM 10170; WAM P.30621-006).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll, northern Line Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan, south to northern New Zealand and Kermadec Islands. Found solitary or in small groups in caves and crevices of coral and rocky reefs, 2– 50 m. Marine.

Pterois radiata Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829 —Clearfin lionfish STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Kailola (1987b: 198); photographed by A. Berberian. WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa east to Marshall, northern Line and Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found solitary in coral reef crevices, 1– 30 m. Marine.

Pterois volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) — Volitans lionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Herre (1933: 12). Specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 14, CTR 15, CTR 16, CTR 16B, CTR 20, CTR 30, CTR 35, and photographed by Tan H. H. at St. PR 15 (10 Nov. 2012) and St. PR 43 (16 Nov. 2012). CAS, SU and WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Christmas and Cocos-Keeling islands (Indian Ocean) east to Line Islands, French Polynesia, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia; invasive in the western Atlantic. Found solitary or in small groups in caves, crevices or under ledges in inshore and seaward reefs, 1– 55 m. Marine.

Scorpaena neglecta Temminck & Schlegel, 1843 —Neglected scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen. AMS and NTUM material (AMS I.16666-001; NTUM 10082).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Andaman Islands east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Found on the lower continental shelf, 100– 150 m. Marine.

Scorpaenodes albaiensis (Evermann & Seale, 1907) —Long-rayed scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on WAM material (WAM P.30618-011).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa east to Fiji and Tonga, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found secretive in crevices of inshore and seaward coral reefs, 2– 15 m. Marine.

Scorpaenodes guamensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) — Guam scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on AMS, CAS and WAM material (AMS I.16671-062; CAS 207748, 207751; WAM P.29624-050).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa east to Wake, Marshall and Marquesas islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern New Zealand and Kermadec Islands. Found in rock crevices on coral and rocky reef flats, shallow lagoons, and channels, including tidal pools, 0– 15 m. Marine.

Scorpaenodes hirsutus (Smith, 1957) —Hairy scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 230); photographed by A. Berberian. WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Natal ( South Africa), Mauritius (Mascarenes) and Seychelles east to Marshall Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia, New South Wales ( Australia) at 35°03'S, Loyalty Islands ( New Caledonia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Found in coral reef crevices in inshore and seaward coral reefs, 1– 54 m. Marine.

Scorpaenodes kelloggi (Jenkins, 1903) — Minor scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by A. Berberian. WAM material (WAM P.30633-014).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa east to Society and Marquesas islands, north to Philippines. Found in coral and rubble habitats, 1– 24 m. Marine.

Scorpaenodes parvipinnis (Garrett, 1864) —Coral scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens collected at St. CTR 17, CTR 29. AMS, MNHN and WAM material (AMS I.17090-010; MNHN uncat.; WAM P.30634-001).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa east to Hawaiian and Marquesas islands, north to Taiwan, south to Western Australia, Lord Howe Island, and Tonga. Found in areas of rich coral growth from near shore to the outer reef slope, including tidal pools, 1– 49 m. Marine.

Scorpaenodes quadrispinosus Greenfield & Matsuura, 2002 —Fourspine scorpionfish STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 231); photographed by A. Berberian.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Christmas Island and northwestern Australia; Papua New Guinea east to Marshall Islands and Rapa, north to Ryukyu Islands. Found in crevices in coral reefs, 0– 12 m. Marine.

Scorpaenodes varipinnis Smith, 1957 —Blotchfin scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by A. Berberian, and on WAM material (WAM P.30630-009).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Mariana Islands, north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found in crevices in coral reefs, 0– 100 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis bathycolus Allen & Erdmann, 2012 —Deep-reef scorpionfish STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by W.-J. Chen, St. PR 221.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Endemic to New Guinea. Found in coastal reefs, 60 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis diabolus (Cuvier, 1829) —Devil scorpionfish, false scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Randall & Eschmeyer (2001: 21); photographed by A. Berberian. CAS, USNM and WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Hawaiian and Marquesas islands, north to South Korea and southern Japan, south to North West Cape (Western Australia), Elizabeth and Middleton reefs, New Caledonia and Tonga. Benthic on rubble or seagrass-covered coralline-rock bottoms of reef flats and lagoon and seaward reefs, 1– 70 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis macrochir Ogilby, 1910 —Flasher scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a photograph by A. Berberian. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Mariana and Tuamotu islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Found among rubble in coastal reefs, 1– 80 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis obtusa Randall & Eschmeyer, 2001 —Bluntsnout scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on WAM material (WAM P.30340-007). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Central Indonesia east to Philippines and Papua New Guinea. Found among rubble in coastal reefs, 1– 15 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis oxycephala Bleeker, 1849 —Tasselled scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens collected at St. PB 0 2. WAM material (WAM P.30630-008).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Palau and New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to Timor Sea (northern Australia). Found on mixed coral and rocky substrates in seaward coral reefs, 1– 43 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis papuensis ( Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) —Papuan scorpionfish ( Fig. 7 ) STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen collected at St. CTR 0 1, PS 48, and photographed by P. Laboute (St. PR 126). MNHN and WAM material (MNHN uncat.; WAM P.30624-002). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Society Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Found benthic on coral and rocky reefs, including inshore soft bottoms and estuaries, 2– 40 m. Transitional water and marine.

Scorpaenopsis possi Randall & Eschmeyer, 2001 —Poss' scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 30, PR 113. AMS and WAM material (AMS I.16671-057; WAM P.29624-007).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Caroline and Cook islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Found solitary on coralline rock or on corals associated with coral reefs, 1– 55 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis tinkhami (Fowler, 1946) —Dark-spotted scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by A. Berberian. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa east to Pitcairn, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia. Found in seaward coral reefs, 0– 20 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis venosa (Cuvier, 1829) —Raggy scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed by A. Berberian. Material needed to confirm this photographic record.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. South and East Africa east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Found in lagoons, often among algae, seagrass or sponges, 2– 72 m. Marine.

Scorpaenopsis vittapinna Randall & Eschmeyer, 2001 —Bandfin scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 236); collected at St. PB 0 2, and by W.-J. Chen, St. PD-57. NTUM, SMF and WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Found benthic in coral reefs including coral rubble bottoms, 0– 28 m. Marine.

Sebastapistes cyanostigma (Bleeker, 1856) —Yellow-spotted scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed by A. Berberian. CAS, USNM and WAM material (CAS 65571, 65572, 65573, 207712; USNM 266094, 272458, 272461; WAM P.30370- 013).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa, Aldabra, Comores and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to Mariana Islands and Phoenix Islands ( Kiribati), north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia and Tonga. Found solitary or in small groups among Pocillopora corals in coral reefs, 0– 30 m. Marine.

Sebastapistes fowleri (Pietschmann, 1934) —Fowler's scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 237). WAM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Comores, Agalega Islands, Mauritius (Mascarenes) and Maldives east to Hawaiian, Society and Pitcairn islands, north to Taiwan and Japan, south to Papua New Guinea and New Caledonia, 1– 61 m. Found in areas with rubble or mixed sand and rubble associated with coral reefs. Marine.

Sebastapistes strongia ( Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) —Barchin scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 237); photographed by A. Berberian. WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Mariana Islands, Gilbert Islands, Tuamotu Archipelago and Gambier Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia and New Caledonia; immigrated into eastern Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. Solitary and secretive on sheltered reefs including reef flats and lagoon habitats, 0– 18 m. Marine.

Taenianotus triacanthus Lacepède, 1802 —Leaf scorpionfish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Kailola (1987b: 201).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Galapagos Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia at 14°04'S, New South Wales ( Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Benthic in coral and rocky reefs, on reef flats, outer reef slopes, current-swept channels, and rarely on lagoon reefs, 5– 43 m. Marine.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Dendrochirus zebra (Scorpaenidae), Madang Lagoon, P. Laboute, 3 Dec. 2012.

FIGURE 7. Scorpaenopsis papuensis (Scorpaenidae), Madang Lagoon, St. PR 126, P. Laboute, 29 Nov. 2012.