Syngnathidae

Fricke, Ronald, Allen, Gerald R., Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Hamel, Mélanie A., Laboute, Pierre, Mana, Ralph, Hui, Tan Heok & Uyeno, Daisuke, 2014, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records, Zootaxa 3832 (1), pp. 1-247 : 44-48

Syngnathidae

Acentronura breviperula Fraser-Brunner & Whitley, 1949 —Shortpouch pygmy pipehorse STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen. NTUM material (NTUM 10035).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Papua New Guinea, south to Queensland ( Australia) and New Caledonia. Found among debris or algae, 1– 20 m. Marine.

Bhanotia fasciolata (Duméril, 1870) —Corrugated pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as Syngnathus uncinatus by Herre (1933: 12). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Andaman Islands and Myanmar east to Philippines and Solomon Islands. Found on mud or silt substrates associated with coral or rocky reefs, 3– 25 m. Marine.

Bulbonaricus davaoensis (Herald in Schultz, Herald, Lachner, Welander & Woods, 1953) —Davao pipefish STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by W.-J. Chen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa; Indonesia east to Philippines and Fiji, south to Queensland ( Australia). Associated with live corals. Marine.

Choeroichthys brachysoma (Bleeker, 1855) —Short-bodied pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1985: 36). USNM and WAM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Marshall and Society islands, south to eastern Australia and Fiji. Coral reefs, 1– 20 m. Marine.

Choeroichthys cinctus Dawson, 1976 —Barred pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Kuiter (2009: 229, Fig. B). WAM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Samoa, south to Queensland ( Australia). Found in lagoon and seaward reefs, 10– 40 m. Marine.

Choeroichthys sculptus (Günther, 1870) —Sculptured pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by A. Berberian. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa east to Line and Tuamotu islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Found in lagoon and seaward reefs, 0– 6 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys amplexus Dawson & Randall, 1975 —Brown-banded pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. Reported from Madang in original description by Dawson & Randall (1975: 272). USNM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Seychelles east to Fiji and Samoa, north to Philippines, south to Queensland ( Australia). Found on brain corals in lagoon and seaward coral reefs, 0– 20 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys benedetto Allen & Erdmann, 2008 —Benedetto's pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 188). Specimens observed at St. CTR 0 2, CTR 23.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Myanmar east to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, south to Queensland ( Australia). Found on algal-covered rocks and gorgonian sea-fans, 5– 20 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys conspicillatus (Jenyns, 1842) —Network pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed at St. CTR 23. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Queensland ( Australia) and Papua New Guinea east to Austral Islands, south to New Caledonia. Found in coral reefs on shallow algal-covered rocks and live brain corals, 0– 10 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys intestinalis (Ramsay, 1881) —Messmate pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1977: 315); specimens collected at St. CTR 23. AMS, SMF, USNM and WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia and Philippines east to Samoa, south to Queensland ( Australia) and New Caledonia. Found in coral reefs on live brain corals and sponges, 0– 32 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys nigripectus Herald, 1953 —Black-breasted pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed by A. Berberian. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Eastern Indonesia east to Marshall and Society islands. Found in seaward reefs, 5– 30 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys schultzi Herald in Schultz, Herald, Lachner, Welander & Woods, 1953 —Schultz' pipefish STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1977: 315). USNM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Tonga, south to Rowley Shoals (Western Australia), Queensland ( Australia) and New Caledonia. Found among corals or sea fans in lagoon and seaward reefs, occasionally also in rocky reefs, 1– 30 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys waitei Jordan & Seale, 1906 —Scribbled pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed at St. CTR 23, and photographed by A. Berberian.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Philippines east to Samoa. Found in sheltered lagoon reefs, 0– 10 m. Marine.

Corythoichthys sp. (undescribed, same as Corythoichthys sp. 10 of Kuiter, 2009:198)

STATUS AT MADANG. Recorded from Madang, based on specimens photogaphed by P. Laboute, St. PR 86, and by A. Berberian; also observed at St. CTR 23, CTR 36. Previously reported as Corythoichthys haematopterus (non Bleeker, 1851) by Parenti & Allen (1991: 318).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Eastern Indonesia south to northwestern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Found in sheltered lagoon reefs, 3– 15 m. Marine.

Cosmocampus maxweberi (Whitley, 1933) —Weber's pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1985: 54). USNM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea east to Samoa, south to Queensland ( Australia). Found on coralline rock in coral reefs, 0– 36 m. Marine.

Doryrhamphus janssi (Herald & Randall, 1972) —Janss' pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1985: 65); a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen in Madang Bay, another photographed by A. Berberian. NTUM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Andaman Sea ( Thailand) and Indonesia east to Palau and Solomon Islands, south to northwestern Australia and Queensland ( Australia). Found solitary or in pairs, in reef crevices of the seaward barrier reef slopes, 5– 35 m. Marine.

Doryrhamphus negrosensis Herre, 1934 —Flagtail pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Parenti & Allen (1991: 318). WAM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Eastern Indonesia and Philippines east to Palau and Mariana Islands, south to Papua New Guinea. Found solitary, in pairs or in small groups, in reef crevices or among spines of sea urchins, in sheltered coral reefs, 1– 20 m. Marine.

Dunckerocampus dactyliophorus (Bleeker, 1853) —Ringed pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Duncker & Mohr (1925: 12, Acanthognathus dactyliophorus ), confirmed by Dawson (1985: 69); photographed by P. Laboute (St. PR 196), and A. Berberian. KFRS and WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Society Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found solitary, in pairs or small groups, in caves or under ledges of lagoon and seaward coral reefs, 0– 57 m. Marine.

Festucalex kulbickii Fricke, 2004 —New Caledonian pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by A. Berberian. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. New Guinea to New Caledonia. Found solitary, in coastal reefs, 4– 15 m. Marine.

Halicampus brocki (Herald in Schultz, Herald, Lachner, Welander & Woods, 1953) —Tasselled pipefish STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 196).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Marshall Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found solitary and secretive, among corals or seagrass, in coral reef lagoon habitats, 2– 45 m. Marine.

Halicampus mataafae ( Jordan & Seale, 1906) —Samoan pipefish STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1985: 94). A specimen collected at St. CTR 29. SMF material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland ( Australia) and New Caledonia. Solitary and cryptic in coral reef habitats, including tidal pools, 0– 15 m. Marine.

Hippichthys heptagonus Bleeker, 1849 —Belly pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as Syngnathus djarong by Herre (1933: 12), and by Dawson (1985: 99). KFRS and USNM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. South and East Africa east to Solomon Islands. Found in estuaries and lower reaches of rivers and streams, 0– 3 m. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.

Hippichthys penicillus Bleeker, 1849 —Beady pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1985: 101).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Persian Gulf and northern Indian Ocean east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland ( Australia). Found in mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of rivers and streams, 0– 3 m. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.

Hippichthys spicifer (Rüppell, 1838) —Bellybarred pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as Syngnathus spicifer by Duncker & Mohr (1925: 17). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Samoa. Found in estuaries and lower reaches of rivers and streams, 0– 3 m. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.

Hippocampus taeniopterus Bleeker, 1852 —Common seahorse

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on photograph by Tan H. H. at St. PR 54 on 17 Nov. 2012; a specimen photographed by W.-J. Chen in Madang Bay.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia and Papua New Guinea east to Fiji, south to New Caledonia. Found among seagrass and in mud habitats, 5– 30 m. Marine.

Micrognathus pygmaeus Fritzsche, 1981 —Pygmy pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen. NTUM material (NTUM 10309).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. New Guinea and Solomon Islands east to Marshall and Society islands. Found in sheltered reefs and lagoons, on algae, sponges, and in caves and crevices, 1– 10 m. Marine.

Microphis brachyurus (Bleeker, 1853) —Short-tailed pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Duncker & Mohr (1925: 13), confirmed by Dawson (1985: 139). KFRS material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Sri Lanka and India east to Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Found in estuaries, rivers and streams, 0– 5 m. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.

Microphis brevidorsalis (Beaufort, 1913) —Stream pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Kailola (1987a: 190).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to western Caroline Islands and Fiji, south to New Caledonia. Found in estuaries and freshwater streams, 0– 2 m. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.

Microphis manadensis (Bleeker, 1856) —Manado pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Parenti & Allen (1991: 318). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Philippines and Solomon Islands, north to Taiwan. Found in estuaries, rivers and streams, 0– 5 m. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.

Microphis retzii (Bleeker, 1856) —Ragged-tail pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Parenti & Allen (1991: 318). WAM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Pohnpei ( Micronesia) and Samoa, south to New Caledonia. Found in estuaries, rivers and streams, 0– 5 m. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.

Minyichthys myersi (Herald & Randall, 1972) —Myers' pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Erdmann (2012: 209); previously reported as Microphis myersi by Dawson (1985: 144). WAM material.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Cargados Carajos (western Indian Ocean); southern and eastern Indonesia and Philippines east to Society Islands. Found on coralline rock and coral rubble in or near coral reefs, 6– 35 m. Marine.

Phoxocampus belcheri (Kaup, 1856) —Rock pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1985: 158, distribution map). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Found on coralline rock in coral reefs including tidal pools, 0– 15 m. Marine.

Syngnathoides biaculeatus (Bloch, 1785) —Double-ended pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Dawson (1985: 181, distribution map); photographed by A. Berberian.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to New South Wales ( Australia) and New Caledonia. In seagrass beds or among algae, in sheltered coral reef lagoons, 1– 10 m. Marine.

Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus (Bleeker, 1857) —Short-tailed pipefish

STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang based on a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen. NTUM material (NTUM 10044).

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Mariana Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found on sand, rubble and mud bottoms and in seagrass beds, 2– 25 m. Marine.