Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867

Camargo, Alexssandro, Vieira, Rodrigo & Rafael, José Albertino, 2024, Taxonomic review of Aphestia Schiner, 1866 (Diptera: Asilidae: Laphriinae) with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 5436 (1), pp. 1-80 : 19-24

Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev.

( Figs 3A, D , 10–12 , 38 )

Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867: 379 ; Williston, 1891: 78 (catalogue); Kertész, 1909: 167 (catalogue); Hermann, 1912: 123 (revision); Bromley, 1946: 110 (catalogue); Hull, 1962 (1): 383 (synopsis of world fauna); Martin & Papavero, 1970: 50 (catalogue).

Aphestia calcarata ; Williston, 1901: 317 (error, comments).

Aphestia annulipes ; Theodor, 1976: 32, 36 figs. 50–52 (terminalia); Carrera & d’Andretta, 1952: 256 (prey) Artigas, Papavero & Serra, 1991: 69 figs. 18–24 (synonymization, Atomosiini catalogue); Papavero, 2009: 85 (catalogue); Papavero, Artigas & Lamas, 2009: 181 figs. 815–821 (Manual of Neotropical Asilidae ).

Diagnosis. Mystacal macrosetae and setae yellowish white with black macrosetae on ventral half ( Fig. 10C–D ); postalar callus reddish ( Fig. 10G ); fore and mid femora black, reddish yellow at base and anterodorsally, hind femur black with basal third reddish yellow; tibiae reddish with dark extremities ( Fig. 10B ); cercus with digitiform projection posterolaterally ( Figs 11A, E ); subepandrial sclerite spatulated ( Fig. 11A–E ).

Redescription. Lectotype male (present designation) ( Fig. 10A–D, G ). Head ( Fig. 10C–D ): black, white pruinose, except frons and face slightly yellowish ( Fig. 10 C–D ); orbital setae yellowish; mystacal macrosetae and setae yellowish white with black macrosetae on ventral half ( Fig. 10C–D ); ocellar tubercle apruinose; ocelli brown, 2 yellow ocellar setae; vertex pruinosity forming a V towards occiput, whitish setose; 12–13 reddish brown to almost back postocular macrosetae; occiput and lower occiput white setose ( Fig. 10D ); proboscis shining black, proboscial setae whitish and labial yellowish; palpus black, yellowish and black setose ( Fig. 10C–D ). Antenna: black with black setae, sparsely white pruinose; postpedicel with sensorial area dark brown occupying almost its entire extension ( Fig. 10E ).

Thorax ( Fig. 10 A–B, G ): black, scutum and scutellum with metallic bluish reflection ( Fig. 10A–B, G ), white pruinose ( Fig. 10B ); postpronotal lobe apex and postalar callus reddish ( Fig. 10G ). Chaetotaxy: mostly white setose, except postpronotum whitish, punctations golden setose, scutum laterally white and yellowish, katatergite whitish and anatergite yellowish setose; macrosetae: 2 notopleural, 1 supra-alar, 3 postalar ( Fig. 10G ), 4 marginal scutellar ( Fig. 10G ) and 2 posterior anepisternal black.

Wings ( Fig. 10H ): translucent; brown microtrichia on distal half, denser in the median region at base of cells r 2+3, r 5 and cua; veins reddish brown; cell r 5 open; halteres light brown.

Legs ( Fig. 10B ): black, except fore and mid femora basally and anterodorsally reddish yellow; hind femur reddish yellow on basal third; knees reddish; fore and mid tibiae reddish yellow, dark brown distally; hind tibia reddish (except apex black); fore and mid tarsi with first tarsomeres reddish brown; coxae white pruinose. Chaetotaxy: coxae and trochanters whitish setose; femora whitish setose, except hind femur with distal 2/3 black setose; fore femur with 1 anterior yellowish, 2 dorsal distal black and 3 posterodorsal (1 yellowish and 2 black) macrosetae; mid femur with 2 anterior (1 yellowish and 1 black), 1 dorsal and 2 dorsal distal black macrosetae; hind femur with 1 anteroventral, 1 dorsal and 3 dorsal distal black macrosetae; tibiae with black dorsal and yellowish ventral macrosetae and setae (reddish on fore tibia distally), hind tibia white setose ventrally (black distally); tarsi black setose with dorsal black and ventral reddish brown macrosetae; brush setae reddish yellow; claws black; empodium and pulvilli yellowish.

Abdomen ( Fig. 10A–B ): black, punctate; tergites brown setose, golden-yellow anteriorly and whitish laterally; T1 with 5, T2 with 2, T3–5 with 1 and T6 with 6 yellowish lateral marginal macrosetae; T7 whitish setose; sternites black with a yellowish band posteriorly, sparsely white pruinose and whitish setose.

Terminalia ( Fig. 11 ): black, except cercus and subepandrial sclerite reddish brown; yellowish setose; (addendum) epandrium truncate posteriorly, dorsolaterally setose ( Fig. 11A, E ); cercus rectangular anteriorly with a digitiform projection at posterolateral margin, dorsally setose ( Fig. 11A, E ); subepandrial sclerite spatulated distally, slightly constricted medially, resembling a spoon, bent laterally forming a semi-open tube dorsally, densely setose apically ( Fig. 11A, E ); gonocoxite base resembling a parallelogram, setose, except anterior ventral margin asetose, distal apex conic ( Fig. 11C, G–H ); gonostylus rod-like, apically setose ( Fig. 11G–H ); hypandrium cordiform ( Fig. 11F ); phallus with short prongs ( Fig. 11I–K ); parameral sheath triangular posteriorly ( Fig. 11I ); parameral apodeme directed posteriorly and ventrally ( Fig. 11I–K ); ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped, weakly sclerotized ( Fig. 11J ).

Length. Body: 13 mm; wings: 11.4 mm.

Lectotype condition (present designation). Specimen pierced by the pin and glued to it, thorax damaged around the pin ( Fig. 10A, G ).

Female paralectotype (present designation). Similar to male, except postpedicel with sensorial area smaller ( Fig. 10F ) and terminalia ( Fig. 12A–D ) with S8 and T9 + T10 +cercus reddish brown, yellowish setose; (addendum) T9 + T10 +cercus truncate posteriorly, indented medially, posterolateral margin with a digitiform projection, sparsely setose dorsally, laterally and posteriorly ( Fig. 12A ); hypoproct conic ( Fig. 12B ); S8 slightly concave mid-anteriorly, mid-posteriorly with small triangular protuberance ( Fig. 12C ); spermathecae with 7–8 turns; sperm pump slightly dilated; genital fork almost rectangular anteriorly ( Fig. 12D ) .

Variation. Only 2 postalar macrosetae present (n=1); 3 pairs of marginal scutellar macrosetae, instead of 2 (n=1); mystacal macrosetae completely white rarely with one or few brown to black macrosetae (n=3); cell r5 closing at wing apex (but not shortly before) (n=1); femora with reddish yellow parts yellowish, or reddish brown to dark; thoracic macrosetae reddish, in some cases, reddish on the left side and black on the right and vice-versa. Specimens from São Paulo towards South have all thoracic macrosetae reddish yellow to reddish. From São Paulo towards North, for a few localities only, in Rio de Janeiro (Petrópolis and Angra dos Reis), Espírito Santo (Linhares) and Bahia (Santo Antônio de Jesus, Igrapiúna), the thoracic macrosetae are completely black. A general more yellowish colour of all body parts was observed in five specimens Rio de Janeiro (Itatiaia) and São Paulo ( Alto da Serra and Juquiá), probably freshly emerged specimens, however, quite hardened to be considered teneral .

Distribution. Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Argentina (Misiones) ( Fig. 38 ).

Phenology. The largest number of collecting events for this species occurred from September to May (spring and summer) with peaks in December and January (Tab. 1), which coincide with late spring and early summer in the southern hemisphere.

Taxonomic discussion. Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev. can be differentiated from congeneric species by the presence of mystacal black and white macrosetae ( Fig. 10C–D ); femora reddish ( Fig. 10B ); cercus with a digitiform projection on posterolateral margin ( Fig. 11A, E ) and subepandrial sclerite spatulate resembling the shape of a spoon ( Fig. 11A–E ).

Schiner (1867) described Aphestia calceata and mentioned that this species differed from Aphestia brasiliensis in its “more bluish” general colour; tibial colour reddish yellow and cell r 5 reaching the wing margin a little more open ( Fig. 10H ). Hermann (1912) studied the three specimens from the type series and considered these characters very plastic and the specimens so closely related that perhaps this species could be treated as a variety of Aphestia annulipes ( Macquart, 1838) . Even so, he maintained it as a valid species. Afterwards, Artigas et al. (1991) synonymized this species under Aphestia annulipes ( Macquart, 1838) without providing any justification.

In this study, the lectotype and paralectotypes (present designation) of Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 were examined. This species is characterized by cell r 5 open ( Fig. 10H ); tibiae reddish with dark extremities ( Fig. 10B ); cercus with digitiform projection posterolaterally ( Figs 11E , 12A ); and subepandrial sclerite spatulated, resembling a spoon ( Fig. 11A–E ). Contrastingly, Aphestia brasiliensis Schiner, 1866 stat. rev., has cell r 5 closed ( Fig. 7H ); dark reddish-brown tibiae ( Fig. 7B ); cercus rectangular ( Figs 8E , 9A ); and subepandrial sclerite conic ( Fig. 8E ). Additionally, it can be differentiated from Aphestia annulipes ( Macquart, 1838) by the presence of 3 postalar and 2 pairs of marginal scutellar macrosetae ( Fig. 10G ); all abdominal tergites with lateral marginal macrosetae; and gonocoxite conic distally ( Fig. 11G–H ). Thus, the synonymization proposed by Artigas et al. (1991) is unjustified and Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev., has herein its status revalidated.

The 11 specimens from “Villa Ognapé” (Iguape, São Paulo), identified as Aphestia brasiliensis by Josef Bischof and Friedrich Hermann (see material examined), were examined in this study and it was discovered that they pertain to Aphestia calceata (see also discussion under Aphestia brasiliensis ). Many specimens treated or identified by subsequent authors as Aphestia annulipes are specimens that belong to Aphestia calceata . This is probably due to the synonymization proposed by Hermann (1912). As a few examples, we have the works of Carrera & d’Andretta (1952) and Theodor (1976) and also several others (see material examined).

It is important to note that Carrera & d’Andretta (1952) reported Trigona spinipes ( Fabricius, 1793) [as Trigona ruficrus ( Latreille, 1804) ], as prey of Aphestia annulipes ( Macquart, 1838) . However, the specimens he mentioned (one from São Paulo and two from Curitiba) are now identified as Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev. (see material examined). Even so, one specimen of Aphestia annulipes from Itatiaia (Rio de Janeiro) that also had as prey the same hymenopteran species (see examined material), was found in the CEIOC collection. Thus, we report Trigona spinipes ( Fabricius, 1793) as prey of Aphestia calceata stat. rev. ( Fig. 3A ) and Aphestia annulipes .

Material examined. Lectotype (present designation). Brasilien / calceata det. Hermann / calceata Coll. Winthem ( Fig. 10A ) / Lectotype Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 present designation (♂ NMW). Paralectotypes (present designation). Same data as Lectotype (2♀ NMW). Additional material. BRASIL. BA[Bahia]: Sto.[Santo] Antônio de Jesus, 17.ii.1986, J.Becker / Becker (1♂ MNRJ); Igrapiúna, Res.[erva] Michelin Villa, Coleta ativa 15.xii.2012, Aragão, M. Menezes, E. Araújo, M. cols. (1♀ INPA); Linhares, E.[spírito] Santo: / F.M. Oliveira, x.[19]71 (1♂ MNRJ); Minas Gerais: Macaúba[Macaúbas, São Benedito], Padre Pereira [no date] (1♀ MZUSP); Ce.[Coronel] Pacheco, MG 09.v.2015, Auad, A.M. / Amostra 13 (1♀ INPA); Pouso Alegre, xii–1952 Pd.[Padre] Pereira (1♀ MZUSP); Rio de Janeiro: Mury[Muri], Nova Friburgo, 1–31.Jan.1965, Gred & Guimarães col. (1♀ MZUSP); Mury[Muri], Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro —Br.[asil] Jan.1966 Gred & Guimarães col. [dissected] (1♂ MZUSP); Theresopolis[Teresópolis], Freitas xii–[19]39 (3♀ CEIOC); Itatiaya[Itatiaia], 700m, 2–xii–1933, J.F. Zikán / Aphestia annulipes (Macq.) M. Carr. Det. [1]950 / Coleção J.F. Zikan (1♀ CEIOC); Itatiaya[Itatiaia], 700m, 23.xii.1935, Fenster, J.F. Zikán / Aphestia annulipes M. Carr. Det. [1]950 / Coleção J.F. Zikán (1♀ CEIOC); Same data, 23.ii.1942, J.F. Zikán / Aphestia annulipes (Mac.) M. Carrera det. [1]950 / Coleção J.F. Zikan (1♂ CEIOC); Same data, 23.ii.1942 /Inst.[ituto] O.[Oswaldo] Cruz Rio–Janeiro–Brasil / Aphestia annulipes (Macq.) M. Carrera det. [1]950 / Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 Det. A. Camargo 2019 (1♂ MWNH); Same data, 8.i.[1]949 (1♀ CEIOC); Same data, 2.1959, W. Zikán (1♀ MZUSP); Petrópolis, Brazil, I.G. Foetterle, 19.x.1919 / Col. Ins. O. Cruz, Nº 576 / Coleção Dr. Adolpho Lutz (1♂ CEIOC); Same data, 21.xi.1919 (1♀ CEIOC); Petrópolis 4–[1]934 / Aphestia annulipes (Macq., 1838) M. Carrera det. [19]44 / EMBRAPA / MNRJ 7003 (1♀ MNRJ); Petrópolis, T. Borgmeier, 5.xii.[19]50 (1♀ CEIOC); H. Souza Lopes / Aphestia annulipes det. A.E. Pritchard [19]35 / IEXPA / Aphestia annulipes (Macq., 1838) M. Carrera det. [19]44 / EMBRAPA / MNRJ 7302 (1♂ MNRJ); H.S. Lopes / A.E. Pritchard Collection 1962 / Aphestia annulipes Macq. Det. C.H. Curran / USNMENT 01224854 (1♀ NMNH); [Rio de Janeiro] Jardim Botânico 3–[1]933 Kulmann / Aphestia annulipes Macq. Det. H.S. Lopes / Aphestia Aph. annulipes Macq. / Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 Det.A. Camargo 2020 (1♂ MfN); Nº Proc. Jacarepaguá [no date] (1♀ MNRJ); Es /vella xi.[1]928, L. T. [no collecting site] (1♀ CEIOC); Capão, H.S.L., ix.[1]931 (1♂ CEIOC); [no collecting site and date] 1256 (1♀ CEIOC); Repr.[esa] Rio Grande, i.[19]67, M. Alvarenga, Malaise trap [Rio?] (1♀ CEIOC); Angra dos Reis, L. T. col. 12–[1]932 (1♂ CEIOC); [São Paulo]: Rio Claro, Borgmeier, xii.1930 (1♀ MZUSP); Laphriinae , Asilidae, Ex : Capim / Piracicaba, 9.xi.1983 col. Sara Quinteros (1♀ ESALQ); Osasco, M.A. V.A, i–[19]52 / Aphestia annulipes Maq. M. Carrera det. [19]55 / Press. By R. Dahl BMNH (E) 1997 240 / NHMUK 010092015 (1♂ NHM); Barbiellini, v.1923 / Atractia sp. (1♀ MZUSP); Same data, (2♀ MZUSP); Same data, /572 (2♂ MZUSP); Same data, iv.1926 / 779 / IB (1♂ MZUSP); Ipiranga, jan–1946, E-Dente / Aphestia annulipes M. Carrera det. / Trigona (Tr.) ruficrus ♂, P. Moure det. 1951 (1♂ MZUSP); 151 [no date] (1♂ AMNH); Same data, (1♂ AMNH); Same data,.86 (1♂ AMNH); Same data, 116 / Aphestia annulipes (1♂ AMNH); São Vicente, Barreiros, Jan.–1945, M. Carrera col. / (1♂ MZUSP); [São Bernardo do Campo], 14.xii.[19]25 Alto da S.[erra], Lago Rob. Spitz (1♀ MZUSP); [São Bernardo do Campo], 3.xii.[19]27, Alto d.[a] S.[erra], (1♂ MZUSP); Praia Grande, Faz.[enda] Rondônia, Fev.–1945, M. Carrera col. (1♀ MZUSP); Peruíbe, 4.i.1970, V.N. Alin, collr. (1♀ COEF); Juquiá, J. Lane col. xii.[19]38 [dissected] (1♀ MZUSP); Same data, [no date] (1♀ MZUSP); i.[19]45, Juquiá, J. Lane coll. / Aphestia annulipes M. Carrera det. 1949 / USNMENT 01224859 (1♂ NMNH); 1140 / Juquiá, J. Lane col. / S.W. Bromley Collection / Aphestia annulipes Macq. Det S.W. Bromley / USNMENT 01224855 (1♀ NMNH); Same data, 1149 / USNMENT 01224856 (1♀ NMNH); Same data, 1151 (1♀ MZUSP); Same data, / USNMENT 01224857 (1♀ NMNH); [São Paulo, Iguape] Young, Iguape. / Bras. Exped. Wettstein. ‘91 / Aphestia brasiliensis Schin. det. Bischof. / Sammlung F. Hermann / Aphestia brasiliensis Wlk / Brasilia Aphestia brasiliensis Wied / annulipes Macq. / Aphestia annulipes ? (1♀ ZSM); [São Paulo, Iguape] Young, Iguape / Bras. Exped. Wettstein. ‘91 / Aphestia brasiliensis Schin. det. Bischof. / annulipes = brasiliensis det. Hermann (1♂ & 9♀ NMW); Paraná: Curityba[Curitiba], (Parolim)[Parolin], x–[19]36, Con. Claretiano / 793 / 63190 / Trigona (Tr.) ruficrus P. Moure det. 1951 / Aphestia annulipes M. Carrera det. (1♂ MZUSP); Curityba[Curitiba], ix–[19]38, Coll. Claretiano / 63187 / Aphestia annulipes M. Carrera det. / Triogona (Trigona) ruficrus P. Moure det. 1951 / A presa é Triogona (Tr.) ruficrus (1♀ MZUSP); Curityba[Curitiba], (Parolim)[Parolin], i–[19]40, Com. Claretiano (1♂ MZUSP); Sam [South America?] Curitiba, Apr. 1940, Col. Claret / USNMENT 01224867 (1♀ NMNH); Rio Negro, vii–[19]29 (1♀ MZUSP); [Santa Catarina: Blumenau] Hetschko [18]89 Blumenau / annulipes = brasiliensis det. Hermann (1♀ NMW); SC[Santa Catarina]: Blumenau, jan. [19]64, M. Carrera (1♀ MZUSP); Brasilien, Nova Teutônia 27° KB 52°23’ Fritz Plaumann 300–500m, ii.1954 (1♀ MZUSP); Nova Teutônia, 8.ii.1955, F. Plaumann. B.M. 1957–341 / NHMUK 010092014 (1♀ NHM); RS[Rio Grande do Sul]: Ibirapuitã, 07.01.2008, Leg. Rafael B. Sühs / N: 25182 L: 99 P: H: (1♀ CESC); Estrela Velha, 19.01.2008 Leg. Alexandre Somavilla / N: 24603 L: 117 P: H: (1♀ CESC); Passa Sete, Bayer, 12.02.2010, Armadilha de Malaise / N: 31265/02 L: 86 P: H: (1♂ CESC); Vera Cruz, Premium 09/10, 18.01.2010 Armadilha de Malaise / N: 33431 L: Lote: 28360, 166 P: H: (1♀ CESC); Vera Cruz, Premium 10/11, 06.12.2010 Armadilha de Malaise / N: 34880 L: 189 P: H: (1♂ CESC); Santa Cruz do Sul, 01.01.1998 Leg. Meinhardt, P. / N: 31207 L: 06 P: H: (1♀ CESC); Santa Cruz do Sul, Kannenberg, 13.01.2009 Armadilha Malaise / N: 29379 L: 138B, Lote álcool: 21343, P: H: (1♀ CESC); J. T.I. 09/10 15.01.2010 Armadilha Malaise / N: 32963 L: 138F Lote álcool: 3913 P: H: (1♀ INPA); Santa Cruz do Sul, 24.12.2010 Armadilha de Malaise / N: 34506 L: 139F P: H: (1♂ INPA); Santa Cruz do Sul, M2 10/11 25.01.2011 Armadilha Malaise / N: 34394 L: 1, P: H: (1♀ CESC); Santa Cruz do Sul, JTI conv.[encional] borda 11.12.2014, Armadilha de Malaise / N: L: Lote álcool: 70053, P: H: (1♀ CESC); 26.11.1910 / 22 / Sammlung F. Hermann / Aphestia brasiliensis Schin. / Aphestia annulipes ? [No collecting site and collector] (1♀ ZSM); [ ARGENTINA: Misiones, Puerto Iguazú] Rep. Argentina Iguazu-Missiones 6.xii.1964 / Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 Det. A. Camargo 2019 (1♀ MWNH).

Figures

FIGURE 3. A. Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev. with its prey, a stingless-bee Trigona spinipes (Fabricius, 1793); B–C. Abdomen, lateral (yellow arrows indicate insertion of macrosetae); B. Aphestia dikowi sp. nov.; C. Aphestia annulipes (Macquart, 1838); D–G. Cercus of male and female, dorsal; D. Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev.; E. Aphestia dikowi sp. nov.; F. Aphestia nigra Bigot, 1878; G. Aphestia nigriseta sp. nov. Abbreviations: cerc: cercus. Scale bar A–C: 1 mm, D–G: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Aphestia brasiliensis Schiner, 1866 stat. rev. holotype male. A. Dorsal habitus (insert: labels, not to scale); B. Lateral habitus; C. Head, frontal; D. Head, lateral; E. Postpedicel, lateral; F. Postpedicel, lateral (identified specimen, female); G. Scutellum, dorsal (yellow arrows indicate insertion of macrosetae); H. Right wing, dorsal (identified specimen, male). Abbreviations: r: radial cells; r-m: radial-medial crossvein. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 8. Aphestia brasiliensis Schiner, 1866 stat. rev. identified specimen male (Rondônia, Vilhena). A–D. Terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral and posterior, respectively; E. Epandrium, dorsal; F. Hypandrium, ventral; G–H. Gonopods, lateral external and internal, respectively; I–K. Phallus dorsal, lateral and posterior, respectively. Abbreviations: cerc: cercus; ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme; epand: epandrium; goncx: gonocoxite; gonst: gonostylus; hypd: hypandrium; lat ej proc: lateral ejaculatory process; ph: phallus; pm apod: parameral apodeme; pm sh: parameral sheath; subepand scl: subepandrial sclerite. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 9. Aphestia brasiliensis Schiner, 1866 stat. rev. identified specimen female (Rondônia, Vilhena). A–B. Tergite 9 + Tergite 10 + cercus dorsal and ventral, respectively; C. Sternite 8, ventral; D. Spermathecae, dorsal. Abbreviations: acc gl: accessory gland; cerc: cercus; gen fk: genital fork; hyprct: hypoproct; spe du: spermathecal duct; spe pu: spermathecal; spmth: spermathecae; tg: tergite. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 10. Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev. lectotype male. A. Dorsal habitus (insert: labels, not to scale); B. Lateral habitus; C. Head, frontal; D. Head, lateral; E. Postpedicel, lateral (identified specimen, male); F. Postpedicel, lateral (identified specimen, female); G. Scutellum, dorsal (yellow arrows indicate insertion of macrosetae); H. Right wing, dorsal (identified specimen, male). Abbreviations: r: radial cells; r-m: radial-medial crossvein. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev. identified specimen male (Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo). A–D. Terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral and posterior, respectively; E. Epandrium, dorsal; F. Hypandrium, ventral; G–H. Gonopods, lateral external and internal, respectively; I–K. Phallus dorsal, lateral and posterior, respectively. Abbreviations: cerc: cercus; ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme; epand: epandrium; goncx: gonocoxite; gonst: gonostylus; hypd: hypandrium; lat ej proc: lateral ejaculatory process; ph: phallus; pm apod: parameral apodeme; pm sh: parameral sheath; subepand scl: subepandrial sclerite. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 12. Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev. identified specimen female (São Paulo, Juquiá). A–B. Tergite 9 + Tergite 10 + cercus dorsal and ventral, respectively; C. Sternite 8, ventral; D. Spermathecae, dorsal. Abbreviations: acc gl: accessory gland; cerc: cercus; gen fk: genital fork; hyprct: hypoproct; spe du: spermathecal duct; spe pu: spermathecal; spmth: spermathecae; tg: tergite. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 38. Distribution of Aphestia amazonica sp. nov., Aphestia brasiliensis Schiner, 1866 stat. rev. and Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 stat. rev.