Gasteruption tournieri Schletterer, 1885

Zhao, Ke-xin, Achterberg, Cornelis van & Xu, Zai-fu, 2012, A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea), ZooKeys 237, pp. 1-123 : 86-88

Gasteruption tournieri Schletterer, 1885 Figs 295308

Foenus jaculator ; Tournier, 1887: viii.

Faenus jaculator ; Abeille de Perrin 1879: 263, 265, 270.

Gasteruption tournieri Schletterer, 1885: 287, 1889: 382, 388, 394, 395, 415; Dalla Torre 1902: 1075; Szépligeti 1903: 368; Kieffer 1912: 247; Schmiedeknecht, 1930: 376, 380; Hedicke 1939: 25; Ferrière, 1946: 237, 238, 246; Crosskey 1951: 292; Šedivý 1958: 35, 36, 42; Györfi and Bajári, 1962: 45, 49; Schmidt, 1969: 295; Dolfuss, 1982: 24; Oehlke 1984: 168, 171, 181; Madl 1987d: 404, 1987b: 24, 1988: 39, 1989a: 161, 1989b: 45, 1990a: 129, 1990b: 480, 483; Kozlov 1988: 246, 247; Kofler and Madl 1990: 322; Wall 1994: 164; Scaramozzino, 1995: 3; Pagliano and Scaramozzino 2000: 15, 17, 33; Saure, 2001: 29; Turrisi 2004: 84; Wisniowski 2004: 118; Yildirim et al. 2004: 1351; van der Smissen, 2010: 373.

Gasteruption austriacum Schletterer, 1885: 277; Hedicke 1939: 26; Wall 1994: 148. Synonymized with Gasteruption tournieri Schletterer by Schletterer 1889.

Gasteruption nitidum Schletterer, 1885: 281; Hedicke 1939: 26; Wall 1994: 149. Synonymized with Gasteruption tournieri Schletterer by Schletterer 1889.

Type material.

Type series of Gasteruption tournieri from Switzerland [Peney near Geneva], France [Bordeaux, Pérez], and Italy (Geneva Museum). Holotype of Gasteruption austriacum (a male in NMW from Austria, Frankenfeld and collected by Erber) and type series of Gasteruption nitidum (males in NMW from Italy, Calabria, collected by Erber) are probably lost.

Additional material.

1 ♀, "[China:] Jilin, Daxinggou, 7.VIII.2005"; 1 ♀ (CSCU), "[China:] Henan, Mt. Huangbai, Shangcheng, 200 m, 11.VII.1999, Mei-cai Wei"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Henan, Neixiang, Baotianman Nature Reserve, 13-15.VII.1998, Yun Ma"; 4 ♀ (SCAU), "[China:] Hunan, Mt. Huping, 11-13.VII.2009, Shi-hong Wang"; 3 ♀ + 1 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Hunan, Shimen, Mt. Huping, 11.VII.2009, Jie Zeng"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Hunan, Mt. Huping, 13.VII.2009, Pu Tang"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Guizhou, Huishui, VII.1987, Ji-ming Chu"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Guizhou, Mayang River, 2.X.2007, Cui-hong Xie".

Diagnosis.

Apex of ovipositor sheath with a distinct white or ivory band (Fig. 303), 1.7-2.6 times as long as hind basitarsus; head with middle depression in front of occipital carina comparatively deep and large, with both lateral depressions in front of occipital carina distinctly impressed (Figs 300, 304); occipital carina distinctly lamelliform and medium-sized to wide, more or less concave medio-dorsally (Figs 300, 304); antesternal carina narrow and non-lamelliform or nearly so, not or slightly elevated above mesosternum (Fig. 296); fourth and fifth antennal segments of female 1.5-2.1 and 1.1-2.0 times as long as third segment, respectively (Fig. 302); frons sparsely punctulate and with distinct interspaces or very finely and densely punctulate; vertex more or less finely punctulate and distinctly shiny; face comparatively wide (Figs 299, 306); temples linearly narrowed behind eyes (Figs 300, 304) and shorter than eyes; propleuron 0.8-1.1 times mesoscutum up to tegulae (Fig. 296); lateral lobes of mesoscutum rugulose-coriaceous; anterior half of mesoscutum moderately punctate-rugose (Figs 297, 305); subbasally outer side of hind tibia and apical half of hind basitarsus ivory; fore and middle legs variable from white, ivory to brown; body slender; ovipositor sheath 1.0-1.2 times as long as body, 1.4-1.8 times as long as metasoma and 4.9-5.7 times as long as hind tibia; hypopygium deep slit-shaped incised apically.

Description.

Described from a female from Hunan, body length 18.5 mm.

Head. Head directly narrowed behind eyes; temple 0.5 times as long as eye in dorsal view (Fig. 300); vertex and frons with satin sheen and sparsely finely punctulated; vertex moderately convex posteriorly (Fig. 295) and with a large depression medio-posteriorly, lateral depressions distinct (Fig. 300); third antennal segment 1.8 times as long as second segment, fourth antennal segment 1.5 times as long as third segment, fifth antennal segment 1.2 times as long as third segment (Fig. 302); eye shortly setose; OOL 1.3 times as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; minimum width of malar space 0.2 times as long as second antennal segment; clypeus without depression.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 2.1 times as long as its height; propleuron comparatively slender and densely rugose, 0.9 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae (Fig. 296); side of pronotum mainly coriaceous, but ventrally rugose, antero-lateral tooth distinctly; mesoscutum mainly transversely rugose, with satin sheen and sparsely punctured, medio-posteriorly with large and more or less coalescent punctures (Fig. 297); scutellum shiny, coriaceous to finely transversely rugulose; propodeum shiny and reticulate-rugose, medio-longitudinal carina absent.

Wings. Fore wing: first discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded. (Fig. 301)

Legs. Hind coxa matt and transversely rugose dorsally; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 4.2, 4.9 and 6.8 times their width, respectively (Fig. 298).

Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath about as long as body, 1.4 times as long as metasoma and 5.0 times as long as hind tibia; its apical ivory part 0.1 times as long as ovipositor sheath and 2.1 times as long as hind basitarsus; hypopygium slit-shaped incised apically.

Colour. Black; fore and middle tibia brown; ventral of hind tibia with a large white patch; basitarsus with a basal yellow-brown patch; second and third metasomal tergites apically red-brown.

Male (described after a male from Hunan). Body length 10.5 mm; vertex with three depressions in front of occipital carina, medio-dorsal one medium-sized and both of lateral ones comparatively shallow (Fig. 304); temple 0.5-0.6 times as long as eye in dorsal view; third antennal segment distinctly short, 1.4 times as long as second segment, fourth antennal segment 2.6 times as long as third segment, fifth antennal segment 2.5 times as long as third segment (Fig. 308); OOL as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; minimum width of malar space 0.2 times as long as second antennal segment; length of mesosoma twice its height; propleuron with satin sheen and reticulate-rugose, 0.8 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; dorsal lobe of pronotum coriaceous and rugulose all around, ventrally with satin sheen and rugose or reticulate-rugose, posteriorly moderately smooth, dorso-laterally coriaceous and ventro-laterally rugose, with a distinct antero-lateral tooth; mesoscutum transversely rugose or punctate-rugose, medio-posteriorly coarsely punctate-rugose, laterally rugose (Fig. 305), scutellum mainly coriaceous but finely and broadly transversely rugulose; propodeum coarsely reticulate-rugose, medio-longitudinal carina indistinct; hind coxa moderately slender and dorsally finely transversely rugulose; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 5.1, 5.4 and 6.3 times their width, respectively (Fig. 307); middle tarsus 1.3 times as long as middle tibia; the colour of body black; fore and middle legs (except for coxa) mainly dark brown to brown, hind legs black-brown, basal patch of fore and middle tibia and ventrally subbasal patch of hind tibia ivory.

Variation. Chinese specimens: Body length 14.0-18.5 mm. Ovipositor sheath 1.0-1.2 times as long as body, 1.4-1.8 times as long as metasoma and 5.0-5.7 times as long as hind tibia, its apical ivory part 2.1-2.6 times as long as hind basitarsus; temple 0.4-0.6 times as long as eye in dorsal view; propleuron shiny and slender, 0.9-1.0 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae.

Distribution.

China (Jilin, Henan, Hunan, Guizhou); Japan, South and Central Europe, up to England, Netherlands and Germany.

Biology.

Unknown. Collected in April–May in Japan, in July–August and October in China.

Notes.

The Chinese specimens have a slightly differently shaped head, but this may be part of a clinal variation. Specimens from the Central Palaearctic are necessary to decide if this is the case.