Ipomoea cordatotriloba Dennst.

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

226. Ipomoea cordatotriloba Dennst. , Nomencl. Bot. 1: 246. 1810. (Dennstedt 1810: 246)

Convolvulus carolinus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 154. 1753. (Linnaeus, 1753: 154), non Ipomoea carolina L. (1753). Type. Icon. in Dillenius, Hortus Elthamensis 1: 100. t. 84 f. 98 (1732), designated by Staples in Staples and Jarvis (2006: 1020).

Ipomoea trichocarpa Elliot, Sketch Bot. S.C. 7 Ga. 1: 258. 1817. (Elliot 1817: 258). Type. Based on Convolvulus carolinus L.

Ipomoea triloba forma trichocarpa (Elliot) Nishiyama , Bot. Mag. Tokyo 84: 385. 1971. (Nishiyama 1971: 385).

Ipomoea commutata Roem. & Schult. , Syst. Veg. 4: 228. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 228), nom. illeg. superfl. Type. Based on Convolvulus carolinus L.

Convolvulus scrobiculatus Lindl. , Bot. Reg. 13; t 1076, 1827. (Lindley 1827b: t. 1076). Type. A cultivated plant of American origin (lectotype t. 1076 in Botanical Register (Lindley1827b), designated here).

Ipomoea scrobiculata (Lindl.) Sweet, Hort. Brit. , ed. 2: 372. 1830. (Sweet 1830: 372).

Ipomoea trifida var. berlandieri A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2: 212. 1878. (Gray 1878: 212). Type. UNITED STATES. Texas, J. Berlandier 546 [1931] (holotype GH0054470, isotypes BM, K, MO, NY, PH).

Ipomoea trifida var. torreyana A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2: 212. 1878. Type. UNITED STATES. Texas, C. Wright s.n. (lectotype GH00054469, designated by Austin (1978b: 126).

Ipomoea trichocarpa var. torreyana (A. Gray) Shinners, Field & Lab. 21: 164. 1953. (Shinners 1953: 164).

Ipomoea cordatotriloba var. torreyana (A. Gray) D.F.Austin , Taxon 37: 185. 1988. (Austin 1988: 185).

Ipomoea trichocarpa forma pubescens Ahles, J. Elisha Mitchell Soc. 75: 129. 1959. (Ahles 1959: 129). Type. UNITED STATES. South Carolina, Calhoun Co, H.E. Ahles 35245 (holotype UNC).

Type.

Based on Convolvulus carolinus L.

Description.

Slender twining (occasionally trailing) annual herb, stems to 3 m, glabrous, thinly pilose with long white hairs or densely pubescent. Leaves petiolate, 2.5-8 × 1.5-6 cm, 3- 5-lobed, the central lobe narrowed at base (very rarely unlobed), narrowly cordate with rounded, entire or dentate auricles, apex shortly acuminate, mucronate, glabrous or thinly pilose on veins and margins or pubescent; petioles 0.5-5 cm, muricate. Inflorescence of axillary, pedunculate, umbelliform cymes, usually with 1-5(-9) flowers, and more lax than in Ipomoea batatas ; peduncles 2-9 cm; bracteoles 5-7 mm, filiform, pilose, relatively persistent; pedicels 4-9 mm; sepals subequal, usually ciliate with stiff spreading hairs, occasionally glabrous, outer sepals 8-11 mm, ovate, gradually narrowed to an outwardly curved fine point, the central vein usually distinct, inner sepals 10-12 mm, obovate, abruptly or gradually narrowed to a mucronate apex, less hairy; corolla (2.5-)3.5-4.5 cm long, gradually widened from base, pink with a dark centre, glabrous, limb c. 2.5 cm diam., unlobed. Capsules subglobose, 7-8 mm, pilose; seeds brown, hemispherical, 3.5 mm long, shortly pubescent on the angles.

Illustration.

Diggs et al. (1999: 557)

Distribution.

This species is apparently restricted to the United States and Mexico. In the United States it is more strictly southern than I. lacunosa . Records from elsewhere, for example from Venezuela (Hokche et al. 2008) require confirmation. It is a lowland species not usually found above 1000 m.

MEXICO. Chihuahua: C.G. Pringle 781 (K, S). Tamaulipas: G.S. Hinton 20526 (GBH)

UNITED STATES. Alabama: C.T. Bryson 20420 (MMNS). Arkansas: Leavenworth s.n. (K). Florida: St John’s River, A.H. Curtiss 2161 (K), 5280 (E); Rügel 506 (BM); Gainesville, W. Judd & T. Lucansky 2751 (BM). Georgia: R. Carter 9217, Louisiana: Tracy & Lloyd 125 (ARIZ); P.E. Hyatt 11166 (LSU). Louisiana: Tracy & Lloyd 125 (BM). Mississippi: C. T. Bryson & K. Reddy 20350 (ARIZ), 20355 (ARIZ). New Mexico: J. Skehan 80 (RM). North Carolina: Wilmington, Bradley & Sears 3575(K, S). South Carolina: Drummond s.n. (K). Texas: Lindheimer 1033 (BM, K, S); B.F. Bush 275 (K), 1405 (K); Drummond 215 (K); C.T. Bryson 22361 (VSC).

Note.

As interpreted here this is an entirely Northern Hemisphere species that is almost restricted to the United States, where it is a common in the south east. The leaves are nearly always 3-5-lobed and the corolla deep pink with a dark centre. Plants named var. torreyana are a glabrous form of this species.