Cheiracanthium daofeng Yu & Li, 2020

Zhang, Jianshuang, Yu, Hao & Li, Shuqiang, 2020, New cheiracanthiid spiders from Xishuangbanna rainforest, southwestern China (Araneae, Cheiracanthiidae), ZooKeys 940, pp. 51-77 : 51

Cheiracanthium daofeng Yu & Li sp. nov. Figures 1 , 2 , 7A , 8A , 9A , 10A-C

Holotype.

♂ (IZCAS-Ar 34741), China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, seasonal tropical primary rainforest, 21°54.725'N, 101°13.261'E, elevation ca. 734 m, 8.VIII.2007, Guo Zheng leg. Paratype: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar 34742), same data as holotype.

Other material examined.

China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, 1♂ (YHCH010), Baka Village, 21°57.703'N, 101°12.062'E, elevation ca. 736 m, 5.VIII.2012, Guo Zheng leg.; 1♀ (YHCH021), Bubang Village, monsoon forest, 21°36.827'N, 101°34.847'E, elevation ca. 690 m, 12.VIII.2012, Guo Zheng leg.

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Chinese pinyin ‘dāo fēng’, which means 'blade point’, referring to the narrow, sharp conductor which is shaped like a blade; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis.

Males of the new species can be easily distinguished from the congeners by the blade-shaped pointed conductor with a sharp tip and by the embolar tip extending to the apex of the cymbium (Figs 1A-C , 7A , 8A , 10A-C ) (the conductor and the embolar tip are relatively short and do not extend to the cymbial tip in almost all other Cheiracanthium species, such as C. duanbi sp. nov. and C. gou sp. nov.; Figs 3A-C , 5A-C , 7B, C , 8B, C , 10D-I ). The females are similar to those of C. taiwanicum ( Chen and Huang 2012: 25, fig. 7E, F) in having a similar habitus, an eyebrow-shaped atrial anterior margin, and coiled copulatory ducts but differ in the following: (1) the receptacles are kidney-shaped (Fig. 2C, D ) (vs. globular in C. taiwanicum ), and (2) having different numbers of copulatory duct coils (four coils in C. daofeng sp. nov., vs. six coils in C. taiwanicum ) (Fig. 2C, D ).

Description.

Male. Holotype (Figs 2E, F ): TL 4.95; CL 2.15, CW 1.74, CI (CL/CW) 1.24; AL 2.80, AW 1.34. Carapace pale brown, with pair of brown lateral bands extending from behind PME and PLE, almost reaching posterior margin, fused, forming a U-shaped patch. Eyes: AER slightly recurved, PER slightly wider than AER, almost straight in dorsal view. All eyes dark with black rings. Eye sizes and interdistances: OAL 0.37, OAW 0.99; AME 0.12, ALE 0.14, PME 0.11, PLE 0.13; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.10, PME-PME 0.17, PME-PLE 0.27; MOQA 0.37, MOQP 0.45, CLL 0.05. Chelicerae protruding and coloured as carapace, with a small basal condyle, three teeth on promargin and three on retromargin. Sternum pale brown, STL 1.04, STW 0.91. Labium and endites coloured as carapace. Legs pale yellow, without distinct markings. Leg measurements: I 21.08 (5.36, 6.70, 6.72, 2.30), II 11.50 (3.11, 3.83, 3.66, 0.91), III 8.58 (2.35, 2.57, 2.85, 0.82), IV 12.28 (3.24 3.76, 4.27, 1.02); LL/CL 9.80. Abdomen lanceolate, dorsally yellowish white, dorsum with indistinct heart-shaped mark, two pairs of inconspicuous muscle depressions, scattered numerous white pigmented spots; venter yellowish white without distinct pattern.

Palp (Figs 1A-C , 7A , 8A , 9A , 10A-C ). Tibia with two apophyses: a retrolateral one that is relatively long and sclerotized, ca. 1/3 of palpal tibia length, with a more-or-less finger-like apex; a very minute, tooth-shaped dorsal apophysis; cymbial spur two times shorter than tibia, beak-shaped; cymbial fold strongly developed and conspicuous in ventral and retrolateral views for approximately 2/3 of cymbium length; tip of cymbium long, ca. 1/2 of cymbium length. Tegulum oval, 1.6 times longer than wide; median apophysis long and filamentous, more than 1/2 of tegulum length, with a curved tip resembling a sickle in ventral view; embolus filiform, originating on the retrolateral flank (approximately 1 o’clock on tegulum), surrounding base and ending at conductor apex, its tip curved behind conductor and extending to apex of cymbium; conductor large, shaped like a blade point, base wide, gradually tapering toward apex.

Female. Distinctly larger and darker than male. Paratype (Fig. 2G, H ) measured: TL 6.32; CL 2.40, CW 1.67, CI (CL/CW) 1.44; AL 3.92, AW 2.42. Eye diameters and interdistances: OAL 0.41, OAW 1.07; AME 0.11, ALE 0.13, PME 0.12, PLE 0.13; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.15, PME-PME 0.19, PME-PLE 0.22; MOQA 0.39, MOQP 0.46, CLL 0.08. PMT: RMT = 3:3. STL 1.20, STW 1.06. Legs yellowish white, without distinct markings. Leg measurements: I 21.08 (5.36, 6.70, 6.72, 2.30), II 11.50 (3.11, 3.83, 3.66, 0.91), III 8.58 (2.35, 2.57, 2.85, 0.82), IV 12.28 (3.24 3.76, 4.27, 1.02); LL/CL 9.80.

Epigyne (Figs 2A-D ). Atrium ca. two times wider than long, atrial anterior margin eyebrow-shaped and heavily sclerotized, posterior and lateral margins inconspicuous; receptacles are faintly visible through epigynal plate in ventral view; two copulatory openings, large and conjoined, located at posterior portion of epigynal plate; transparent copulatory ducts coiled, forming four entwined loops (including three ascending coils and one descending coil); receptacle reniform, separated by diameter of receptacle.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China.

Figures

Figure 1. Palp of Cheiracanthium daofeng sp. nov., male holotype. A Prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; DTA = dorsal tibial apophysis; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

Figure 2. Cheiracanthium daofeng sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype. A Epigyne, intact, ventral view B epigyne, cleared, ventral view C vulva, cleared, dorsal view D vulva, cleared and embedded in Arabic gum, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F male habitus, lateral view G female habitus, dorsal view H female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: A = atrium; AAM = atrial anterior margin; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; R = receptacle. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H).

Figure 3. Palp of Cheiracanthium daofeng sp. nov., male holotype. A Prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; PTA = prolateral apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 5. Cheiracanthium gou sp. nov., male holotype. A Flipped right palp, prolateral view B left palp, ventral view C left palp, retrolateral view D habitus, dorsal view E habitus, ventral view F habitus, lateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CS = cymbial spur; DTA = dorsal tibial apophysis; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-C); 1 mm (D-F).

Figure 7. Cheiracanthium spp., left palp, ventral view. A C. daofeng sp. nov., male holotype B C. duanbi sp. nov., male holotype C C. gou sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; RTA = prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 8. Cheiracanthium spp., left palp, retrolateral view. A C. daofeng sp. nov., male holotype B C. duanbi sp. nov., male holotype C C. gou sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; DTA = dorsal tibial apophysis; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 9. Cheiracanthium spp., left palp, dorsal view. A C. daofeng sp. nov., male holotype B C. duanbi sp. nov., male holotype C C. gou sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; DTA = dorsal tibial apophysis; PTA = prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 10. Cheiracanthium spp., left bulb, prolateral view (A, D, G), ventral view (B, E, H), retrolateral view (C, F, I). A-C C. daofeng sp. nov. D-F C. duanbi sp. nov. G-I C. gou sp. nov. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.