Ovalona cambouei (Guerne & Richard, 1983) Guerne & Richard, 1983

Sinev, Artem Y., 2015, Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae), Zootaxa 4044 (4), pp. 451-492 : 478-482

XV. Ovalona cambouei (Guerne & Richard, 1983) comb. nov.

( Figs. 9–10 )

Guerne & Richard, 1893: 224–244, Fig. 10–11 ( Alona ); Richard, 1894: 371–374, Fig. 5–8 ( Alona ); Daday, 1910: 128–130, Taf. 6, Fig. 30–35 ( Alona pulchella ); Rey & Saint-Jean, 1968: 11, Fig 25, A–D ( Alona pulchella ); Idris, 1983: 113–115, Fig. 153 ( Alona cf. pulchella ); Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987: Fig. 139 ( Alona pulchella ); Dumont et al., 1984: 166–167, Fig 2, 1–2 ( Alona pulchella ); Chen, 1993: 27, Fig. 1–5 ( Alona pulchella ); Venkataraman, 1995: 382–383, Fig. 34–37 ( Alona pulchella ); Sinev 2001b: 13–17, Fig. 34–68 ( Alona ); Yalim & Ciplak, 2005: 61–65, Fig. 1–8 ( Alona ); Maiphae, Pholpuntin & Dumont, 2008: 36, Fig 6 ( Alona cf. cambouei ); Kotov, Van Damme, Bekker, Siboualipha, Silva-Briano, Ortiz, de la Rosa & Sanoamuang, 2013: 86, Fig 5 ( Alona ).

Type locality. Tananarive ( Madagascar).

Type material. Non-existent, not present in Richard collection ( Kotov & Ferrari, 2010).

Material studied earlier. See Sinev 2001(a) for the list of material from Sudan, Iraq and Tadzhikistan.

Material studied here. 8 parthenogenetic females from Lac Mahery, Montagne d’Ambre National park, Madagascar, 12.43925 S, 49.24403 E, 19.05.2009, coll. R. Schabetsberger, AAK- 2010–2014; 10 parthenogenetic females from Lac Manonja (Texier), Montagne d’Ambre National park, Madagascar, 12.62732° S, 49.17717° E, 22.05.2009, coll. R. Schabetsberger, AAK- 2010-2014; over 50 parthenogenetic females, over 20 ephippial females, 13 male from culture started from specimens from paddy field near Shorkul' lake, Khoresm Area, Uzbekistan, 26.10.2007, culture was maintained by V. Tschugunov; 22 parthenogenetic females from lake near Mondgod town, near Hibli, Karnataka province, India, 0 1.2012, coll. E. Sudarikova; 7 parthenogenetic females from pond at Ta Lai village, Dong Nai province, Vietnam, 11°22.253’ N, 107°21.386’ E, 10.2010, coll. A. Y. Sinev; 13 parthenogentic females from Luwan reservoir, Hainan Island, China, 18° 37.383' N, 110°03.156 ' E, 15.01.2013, coll A. Y. Sinev, Y. Gu & X. Zhang; 6 parthenogenetic females from paddy field near Kinabalu city, Sabah state, Borneo Island, Malaysia, 06º 10.458' N 116º 13.022' E, 12.10.2013, coll. A. Y. Sinev & F.M. Yusoff.

Description. As A. cambouei is the most widely distributed species of the group, the full description of the species is provided. Detailed description of the male is provided for the first time. Parthenogenetic female. General. In lateral view body regularly oval, of moderate height ( Fig. 9 A), maximum height at middle of body; in adults height/length ratio 0.59–0.63. Dorsal margin uniformly curved; postero-dorsal and postero-ventral angles broadly rounded; posterior margin uniformly curved; ventral margin almost straight; antero-ventral angle rounded. Body strongly compressed laterally. Valves smooth. Ventral margin ( Fig. 9 B) with about 35–45 setae; about 10–12 first setae long, next 15 setae short, followed by plumose setae; in middle portion of the valves almost as long as setae of anterior group, decreasing in size posteriorly. Postero-ventral angle ( Fig. 9 C) with about 100 short setulae not organized in groups but decreasing in size upwards. A row of very small setulae along the posterior margin on inner side of valve.

Head of moderate size, triangle-round in lateral view; rostrum short, pointing downward. Eye larger than ocellus. Distance from tip of rostrum to ocellus in adults slightly greater than that between ocellus and eye. Headshield ( Fig. 9 D–E) with maximum width behind mandibular articulation, without any sculpture; rostrum short, broadly rounded; posterior margin of head shield broadly rounded, with notch at midline and 3–4 pairs of notches laterally. Three large main head pores ( Fig. 9 G–F) without any connection between them, PP about 0.3–0.4 IP. Lateral head pores minute, located at about 1.5 IP distance from midline, at the level between anterior and middle main head pore.

Labrum ( Fig. 10 A–B) of moderate size; labral keel moderately wide (height less than 1.5 width), with broadly rounded apex; anterior margin of keel conve; posterior margin without any setulae.

Second abdominal segment without dense setulae.

Postabdomen ( Fig. 9 H) narrow, with parallel margins, length about 2.7–2.9 height. Ventral margin straight or weakly convex. Basis of claws separated from distal margin by clear incision. Distal margin straight, distal angle rounded, prominent. Dorsal margin with distal part about 1.7–2 times longer than preanal one, with postanal portion 1.5 times longer than anal. Postanal portion of distal margin straight, anal portion weakly concave. Preanal angle well-defined, postanal angle weakly defined. 7–10 short slender marginal denticles, most with one-two additional spinules near base of denticle, and with three-five groups of marginal setulae in basal part of anal margin. Length of denticles evenly decreases basally; length of distal denticles exceed width of claw base. 8–10 lateral fascicles of setulae; postanal fascicles wide, closely spaced, consisting of ten or more setulae, with distalmost seta longer and thicker than others, and longer than marginal denticles. Postabdominal claw weakly curved, slightly shorter than preanal portion of postabdomen. Basal spine about 0.25–0.3 length of claw.

Antennule ( Fig. 10 C) of moderate size, length about 2.5 widths, with three clusters of short setulae at anterior face. Antennular sensory seta slender, about 2/3 length of antennula, arising at 2/3 distance from the base. Nine terminal aesthetascs of similar length, longest of them about 2/3 length of antennula.

Antenna II relatively short ( Fig. 10 D). Antennal formula: setae 0–0–3/1–1–3; spines 1–0–1/0–0–1. Basal segment robust, with cluster of long setulae; branches of moderate length and width; basal segments of both branches 1.5 times longer than others. Middle segments of endopodite with clusters of long setulae. Seta arising from basal segment of endopodite shorter than endopodite. Seta arising from middle segment of endopodite of similar size of apical setae. Spine on basal segment of exopodite about 2/3 length of middle segment. Apical spines slightly longer than apical segments.

Thoracic limbs: five pairs.

Limb I ( Fig. 10 E–F) of moderate size. Epipodite ovoid. Accessory seta about 1/3 length of ODL seta. ODL with a long seta, armed with minute setulae in distal part. IDL with three setae and two-three clusters of small setulae; setae 2 and 3 only slightly shorter than ODL seta, armed with thin setulae in distal part; seta 1 of about 1/3 length of seta 3. Endite 3 with four setae, inner seta (1) slightly shorter than outer setae (a–c). Endite 2 with three setae (d–f), seta “e” as long as ODL seta, seta “f” about 3/4 length of seta “e”. Endite 1 with two 2-segmented setae, both setulated in distal part. No inner setae on endites 1–2. Six-seven rows of thin long setulae on ventral face of limb. Two ejector hooks of similar size.

Limb II ( Fig. 10 G). Exopodite elongated, with seta 2 times shorter than exopodite. Eight scraping setae (1–8), armed with spinules of similar shape, increasing in length distally. Distal armature of gnathobase with four elements. Filter plate with seven setae, the posteriormost seta three times shorter than others.

Limb III ( Fig. 10 H–J). Epipodite oval; exopodite subrectangular, with seven setae. Seta 3 being longest; seta 6 about 1/3 length of seta 3; setae 1, 4 and 7 of about 1/4 length of seta 3; other setae short. Seta 6 armed with thick long setulae in distal part; seta 7 naked; all other setae plumose. Distal endite with three setae, two distalmost members slender, sharp, with distal parts unilaterally armed with sharp denticles; basalmost seta much shorter, bilaterally armed with setulae. Basal endite with four stiff setae, increasing in size toward the base; a small sensillum near the base of distalmost seta. Four soft setae increasing in size basally (a–d). Gnathobase not clearly separated from basal endite. Distal armature of gnathobase with four elements: an elongated, cylindrical sensillum; a thin, bent seta; and two sharp spines. Filter plate III with seven setae.

Limb IV ( Fig. 10 K–M). Preepipodite setulated, epipodite with short process. Exopodite rounded, with six plumose setae. Seta 3 longest; setae 1–2 slightly shorter than seta 3; setae 4, 5 and 6 of 1/3, 1/2 and 1/3 length of seta 3, respectively. Inner-distal portion of limb IV with four setae and small cylindrical sensillum: seta 1 slender, sharp; three small flaming-torch setae (2–4) more than 2 times shorter than seta 1, each with reduced distal part, armed with 5–6 short setulae, decreasing in size basally. Three inner setae (a–c) long, increasing in size basally. Gnathobase with a short 2-segmented seta, only little longer than seta 1, and a small hillock distally. Filter plate with five setae.

Limb V ( Fig. 10 N). Preepipodite setulated. Epipodite oval, with short process. Exopodite oval, with four plumose setae, decreasing in size basally; seta 4 four times shorter than seta 1. Inner limb portion as rounded lobe with setulated inner margin, only slightly smaller than exopodite. At inner face, two setae, outer one equal in length to seta 2 of exopodite, inner one 2 times shorter. No filter plate.

Ephippial female ( Fig 9 I) with slightly higher body than parthenogentic female, ephippium yellow-brown, without any sculpture.

Male. General. Body of adult male ( Fig. 9 J) oval, slightly lower than in female; height/length ratio about 0.58– 0.6. Both eye and ocellus smaller than in female, eye larger than ocellus.

Postabdomen ( Fig. 9 K) short, with rectangular postanal portion. Gonopores located at the end of postabdomen, above the base of claw. Distal margin convex, distal angle broadly rounded. Preanal angle well-defined, postanal angle weakly defined. Distal part of postabdomen almost 1.5 times longer than preanal, anal and postanal portions of similar length. Wide clusters of short setulae in place of marginal denticles. Lateral fascicles of setulae same as in female. Postabdominal claw two times shorter than in female; basal spine long, about 0.4 of claw length.

Antennule ( Fig. 10 Q) broad, length about two widths. Ten terminal and two lateral aesthetascs; longest terminal aesthetascs are of 2/3 length of antennule; lateral aesthetascs about half length of antennule. Male seta very short, arising at 1/4 length from tip, less than 1/6 of antennule length.

Limb I ( Fig. 10 O –P) more massive than in female; copulatory hook U-shaped, its distal portion little longer than basal one. A group of about 5 long setulae under copulatory brush, at some distance under it a row of about 20 short thick setulae on ventral face of limb. Endite 3 more broad than in female, its seta 1 thinner than in female, cluster of short thick setulae near its base. IDL seta 1 absent; setae 2 and 3 thinner and three times shorter than in female; male seta curved, as long as seta 3.

Size. Length of adult female 0.35–0.46 mm. Length of male 0.3–0.33 mm.

Differential diagnosis. O. cambouei differs from most species of cambouei -group by fully disconnected head pores, this character is shared only by O. capensis . The latter species differs from O. cambouei by the presence of posterior bulge on the rostrum, and by the shape of postabdomen.

Distribution. Africa, Madagascar, South Europe ( Spain, Italy), subtropical and tropical Asia from Turkey to South China and Malaysia. Northmost record in Eurasia is in Aksay, Kazakhstan ( Ibrasheva & Smirnova, 1983).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A, juvenile female of instar I; B, juvenile female of instar II; C – I, adult parthenogenetic female; C – D, lateral view; E, ventral margin of valves; F, setae from posterior part of ventral margin of valves; G, posteroventral angle of valves; H, head shield; I, head pores; J, ephippial female; K, adult male.

FIGURE 2. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A – E, parthenogenetic female; A – B, same specimen in lateral and latero-frontal view; C, head pores; D, main head pores; E, lateral head pore; F, ephippial female.

FIGURE 3. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A – J, parthenogenetic female. A, variability of labral keels; B, postabdomen; C, postanal margin of postabdomen; D, postabdominal claw; E, antennule; F – G, antenna; H – I, thoracic limb II; J, thoracic limb V; K – M, adult male. K, postabdomen; L, distal part of postabdomen; M, antennule.

FIGURE 4. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A – E, thoracic limbs parthenogenetic female. A, limb I; B, exopodite of limb III; C, inner portion of limb III; D, exopodite of limb IV; E, inner portion of limb IV; F, adult male, limb I; G – K, parthenogenetic female with abnormal morphology of limbs; G, ejector hooks of limb I; H, endite 1 of limb I; I – J, inner portions of limbs III; K, inner portion of limb IV.

FIGURE 5. A – H, Ovalona nigra (Smirnov, 1996), from Kotov et al. (2010). A – E, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, head pores; C, middle segment of abdomen; D, postabdomen; E, postanal margin of postabdomen; F – H, adult male. F, lateral view; G, postabdomen; H, distal portion of postabdomen; I – K, Ovalona altiplana (Kotov, Sinev & Berrios, 2010), from Kotov et al. (2010), parthenogenetic female. I, lateral view; J, head pores; K, postabdomen; L – O, Ovalona anamariae (Sinev & Silvabriano, 2012), from Sinev & Silva-Briano (2012), parthenogenetic female. L, lateral view; M, ventral margin of valves; N, head pores; O, postabdomen.

FIGURE 6. A – E, Ovalona anastasia (Sinev, Alonso, Miracle & Sahuqillo, 2012), from Sinev et al., (2012). A – C, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, head pores; C, postabdomen; D – E, adult male. D, lateral view; E, postabdomen; F – G, Ovalona azorica (Frenzel & Alonso, 1988), from Sinev et al. (2012), parthenoghenetic female. F, head pores; G, postabdomen; H – L, Ovalona setulosa (Megard, 1967), from Sinev (2009). H – J, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; J, head pores; I, postabdomen; K – L, adult male. K, lateral view; L, postabdomen.

FIGURE 7. A – B, Ovalona weinecki (Studer, 1878), parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view, redrawn from Frey, 1988; B, postabdomen, redrawn from Van Damme & Dumont, 2008; C – G, Ovalona archeri (Sars, 1988), from Sinev (2002 c). C – E, parthenogenetic female. C, lateral view; D, head pores; E, postabdomen; F – G, adult male. F, lateral view; G, postabdomen; H – N, Ovalona aguascalientensis (Sinev & Silva-Briano, 2012), from Sinev & Silva-Briano (2012). H – L, parthenogenetic female. H, lateral view; I, posteroventral margin of valves; J – K, head pores; L, postabdomen; M – N, adult male. M, lateral view; N, postabdomen.

FIGURE 8. A – D, Ovalona capensis (Rühe, 1921), parthenogenetic female, redrawn from Van Damme et al., 2013. A, lateral view; B, rostrum; C, head pores; D, postabdomen; E – H, Ovalona bromelicola (Smirnov, 1988) parthenogenetic female, from Sinev (2002 b). E, lateral view; F, head pores; G, postabdomen; H, antennule; I – M, Ovalona glabra (Sars, 1901), I and K – M from Sinev & Silva-Briano (2012), J from Sinev (2001 a). I – K, parthenogenetic female. I, lateral view; J, head pores; K, postabdomen; L – M, adult male. L, lateral view; M, postabdomen.

FIGURE 9. Ovalona cambouei (Guerne & Richard, 1983) from paddy field near Shorkul' lake, Khoresm Area, Uzbekistan. A – H, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, ventral margin of valves; C, posteroventral margin of valves; D – E, headshield; F – G, head pores; H, postabdomen; I, ephippial female; J – K, adult male. J, lateral view; K, postabdomen.

FIGURE 10. Ovalona cambouei (Guerne & Richard, 1983) from paddy field near Shorkul' lake, Khoresm Area, Uzbekistan. A – N, parthenogenetic female. A – B, labrum; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, limb I; F, IDL and ODL of limb I; G, limb II; H, exopodite of limb III; I – J, inner portion of limb III; K, exopodite of limb IV; L – M, inner portion of limb IV. N, limb V. O – Q, adult male. O, limb I; P. copulatory hook and IDL of limb I; Q, antennule.

FIGURE 11. A – C, Ovalona karelica Stenroos, redrawn from Hudec (2010). A – B, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, postabdomen; C, postabdomen of adult male; D – N, Ovalona pulchella (King, 1853). D – F, parthenogenetic female from Australia, from Sinev (2001 b). D, lateral view; E, head pores. F, postabdomen; G – N, specimens from Tasmania, G – I, parthenogenetic female. G, lateral view; H, head pores; I, postabdomen; J – N, adult male. J, lateral view; K, postabdomen; L, antennule and outline of rostrum; M, limb I; N, IDL of limb I.