Hadronema pictum Uhler

Forero, D., 2008, Revision And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Hadronema Group (Miridae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini), With Descriptions Of New Genera And New Species, And Comments On The Neotropical Genus Tupimiris, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (312), pp. 1-172 : 112-115

Hadronema pictum Uhler Figures 2, 27, 28, 31, 33, 35

Hadronema picta Uhler, 1895: 31 [n. sp.]; Knight, 1968: 94 [distribution, host].

Hadronema (Hadronema) picta: Knight, 1928: 180 [subgeneric placement, key, distribution]; Carvalho, 1958: 69 [catalog].

Hadronema pictum: Steyskal, 1973: 207 [emendation]; Schuh, 1995:116 [catalog]; Maw et al., 2000: 117 [list].

Hadronema (Hadronema) pictum: Henry and Wheeler, 1988: 411 [catalog].

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the orange-red posterior lobe of pronotum (fig. 2); the similar length of antennal segments II and III (table 1); the subequal rami of the ventral spicule of the vesica reaching the dorsal spicule (fig. 27); and the normally developed metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area.

Hadronema pictum may be confused with H. mexicanum , in particular in the southern distribution area of H. pictum (see fig. 35), due to the red posterior lobe of the pronotum, but H. pictum is distinguished from H. mexicanum by the straight rather than decurved apex of the ventral spicule of the vesica in lateral view (fig. 27, arrows). Hadronema militare and H. incognitum both also have thin subequal rami, but in those two the genital capsule is quadrangular (fig. 29), not subtriangular as in H. pictum (fig. 28). Females of H. pictum may be confused with females of H. breviatum due to a similar ratio of antennal segment I respect to head width (table 1). Nonetheless, in H. breviatum the ratio of antennal segments II/III is greater (.1.2) than in H. pictum (,1.1) (see table 1). Hadronema bispinosum is close to the antennal ratio of segments II/III of H. pictum , but the paler coloration of the former easily separates it.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium size, total length 2.95–3.35. COLORATION: Black with light red and white markings (fig. 2). HEAD: Black, frons with two longitudinal areas covered with oblique irregular lines of shiny spots, area between longitudinal areas reddish, area adjacent to eyes on frons and vertex reddish; mandibular and maxillary plates apically reddish, line connecting man- dibular and maxillary plates to antennal socket black; labrum black, shiny; labial segment I reddish, II–IV black, III–IV shiny; antennae black. THORAX: Collar black; anterior lobe of pronotum weakly red; calli black with irregular shiny areas; posterior lobe reddish orange; mesoscutum reddish black with lateral areas red; scutellum black, disc reddish black; proepisternum black, sometimes weakly reddish near coxal cavity; proepimeron orange, anterior margin reddish; mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum, and metepimeron reddish black, procoxal suture black, mesopleural spiracle black; prosternum black; mesosternum black, sometimes with medial area reddish black. Hemelytra: Clavus and corium dark brown, wide longitudinal white marking on corium; cuneus white with inner margin dark brown; area between corium and membrane shiny brown; membrane light brown, veins brown. Legs: Black; coxae reddish black; proximal portion of trochanters pale yellow. ABDOMEN: Black; posterior margin of sternites whitish. GENITALIA: Genital capsule black, dorsal surface weakly reddish; proctiger orange; parameres brown. STRUCTURE: THORAX: Metepisternum with evaporatory area round- ed on dorsal margin and peritreme large. GENITALIA: Genital capsule subtriangular, right ventrolateral process medium-sized, without left sensory lobe (fig. 28); paramere insertions lateral; left paramere sickle-shaped (fig. 28); dorsal spicule of vesica about a third as long as ventral, with a few denticles (fig. 27); rami of ventral spicule subequal in length, of small diameter, without large denticles on them, reaching apex dorsal spicule (fig. 27).

Female: Similar to male in coloration and structure, but more robust, total length 3.54– 4.16. COLORATION (fig. 2): ABDOMEN: Sometimes lateral margins of sternites weakly orange. STRUCTURE: GENITALIA: Subgenital plate subtriangular, apex rounded, barely reaching middle of sternum VIII (fig. 31); dorsal lobes of interramal sclerites of medium size (fig. 31); central sclerotized area of anterior wall nearly rounded, divided transversely, dorsal area with small tubercles, central tubercle of ventral portion of medium size (fig. 33); sclerotized rings sometimes with caudal edge produced, accessory sclerite well sclerotized (fig. 31).

DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed from the Central Great Plains of the United States, to the southern plains of Texas and west through New Mexico, Arizona, and the southern Great Basin to the Sierra Nevada (fig. 35). Maw et al. (2000) listed H. pictum as an uncertain record from Alberta ( Canada). I have not examined any specimens of H. pictum from Canada.

HOSTS: Hadronema pictum has been found on Asteraceae and Fabaceae hosts. In the Fabaceae , most of the records are on Lupinus , and just two on Melilotus officinalis , and a single record on ‘‘ Psoralea ’’. Heliomeris multiflora , H. m. nevadensis, and Hymenoxys ambigens floribunda are the common Asteraceae hosts. There are just three instances on Coreopsis grandiflora and two on Gutierrezia sp. (Asteraceae) . The single occurrence on Quercus turbinella (Fagaceae) is probably a sitting record.

DISCUSSION: A female from the USNM matching Uhler’s (1895) original data (‘‘ Colorado Springs, Colorado’’) is in very bad condition. Only the abdomen and the posterior pair of wings remain, and therefore it is not suitable for designation as a lectotype. Another female from ‘‘Garden of the Gods,’’ near Colorado Springs, is here designated as the lectotype in absence of a better preserved specimen and because it also matches Uhler’s data of being collected in ‘‘July’’ by ‘‘E. S. Tucker’’.

The subequal antennal segments II and III were considered by Uhler (1895) as diagnostic for this species. The relative length of antennal segments II and III as used in Knight’s key ( Knight, 1928) may be misleading. A ratio of antennal segments II/III less than 1.1 is indicative of H. pictum for males and females. Nevertheless, series of specimens should be measured and male genitalia

examined to correctly identify this species. Females should always be associated with males to unambiguously assess species identities.

LECTOTYPE FEMALE (here designated): [ USA: Colorado: El Paso Co.:] Garden of the Gods , Colorado city, [38.86778 ° N 104.89056 ° W], July, E.S. Tucker , Lectotype Hadronema picta Uhler , desig. by D. Forero (red label), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00075286 ) ( KU) .

PARALECTOTYPE FEMALE: USA: Colorado: El Paso Co.: Colorado Springs, 38.83389 ° N 104.82083 ° W, 5915 ft, E.S. Tuck- er, P.R. Uhler collection, ‘‘ Hadronema picta ’’ det. Uhler, Paralectotype Hadronema picta Uhler , desig. by D. Forero, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107297) (USNM).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA: Arizona: Cochise Co. : 1 mi N of Rustler Park, Chiricahua Mts., 31.91472 ° N 109.26861 ° W, 2536 m, 18 Aug 2000 – 21 Aug 2000, B. Rodriguez V., 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105925, AMNH_PBI 00106094) (TAMU). Barefoot Park, Chiricahua Mountains, 31.88416 ° N 109.27916 ° W, 2530 m, 21 Aug 2000, T. Ohmann, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106095) (TAMU). Coconino Co.: 3 mi N of Flagstaff, 35.24158 ° N 111.65056 ° W, 20 Jun 1973 – 30 Jun 1973, J.D. Pinto, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00083529), 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00083528) (UCR). Flagstaff, 35.19806 ° N 111.65056 ° W, 2134 m, 09 Aug 1934, D. Rockefeller, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00100820, AMNH_PBI 00100821), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00100822) (AMNH); 07 May 1900, Barber and Schwarz, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106798) (USNM). Flagstaff Hill, 35.19806 ° N 111.65056 ° W, 29 Jun 1932, E.D. Ball, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107225) (USNM). Grand Canyon, 36.05444 ° N 112.13861 ° W, 2134 m, 22 Jun 1925, A.A. Nichol, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00107276), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107295, AMNH_PBI 00107296) (USNM). Kendrick Park, Coconino National Forest, 35.99444 ° N 112.1975 ° W, 2256 m, 15 Jul 1968, L.A. Kelton, 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00103917), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00103929) (CNC). Williams, 35.24944 ° N 112.19028 ° W, 2134 m, 24 Jun 1925, A.A. Nichol, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00103931), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00103932) (CNC). Hymenoxys ambigens floribunda (Asteraceae) , 103 (AMNH_PBI 00107266–AMNH_PBI 00107275), 2♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00107293, AMNH_PBI 00107294) (USNM). Gila Co. : 6 mi SW of Carrizo, 33.93231 ° N 110.3623 ° W, 10 Sep 1961, C.S. Raph, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00083479), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00083480) (UCR). Gila County , 33.51667 ° N 110.51667 ° W, 10 Sep 1960, Timberlake, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00083482) (UCR). Salome Creek, Sierra Ancha Mountains , 33.87505 ° N 111.04062 ° W, 04 Sep 1932, D.K. Duncan, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107223, AMNH_PBI 00107224) (USNM). Sierra Ancha Mountains , 33.76393 ° N 111.08291 ° W, 30 Jun 1931, D.K. Duncan, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00107219), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107220–AMNH_PBI 00107222) (USNM). Mohave Co.: Kingman, 35.18944 ° N 114.05222 ° W, 08 Jun 1930, R.L. Usinger, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079880) (UCB). Navajo Co.: 15–20 mi SW of Show Low, 34.04972 ° N 110.27592 ° W, 1707 m, 30 May 1983, Schuh, Stonedahl, and Massie, Lupinus sp. (Fabaceae) , 33 (AMNH_PBI 00100815– AMNH_PBI 00100817) (AMNH). 2 mi S of Pinedale, Lewis Canyon Campground, 34.27858 ° N 110.25083 ° W, 2042 m, 30 May 1983, R.T. Schuh and G.M. Stonedahl, Lupinus sp. (Fabaceae) , 243 (AMNH_ PBI 00100791–AMNH_PBI 00100814), 14♀ (AMNH_PBI 00100827–AMNH_PBI 00100840) Lupinus sp. (Fabaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00102639) (AMNH). Show Low, Sitgreaves National Forest, 34.25417 ° N 110.02917 ° W, 10 Aug 1967, L.A. Kelton, 73 (AMNH_PBI 00103911–AMNH_PBI 00103916, AMNH_ PBI 00103905), 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00103924– AMNH_PBI 00103928) (CNC). Santa Cruz Co. : 8 mi E of Sonoita, 31.67937 ° N 110.51827 ° W, 21 Aug 1974, J.D. Pinto, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00083516) (UCR). Patagonia Mountains, 2.8 mi N of Washington Camp., 31.41472 ° N 110.69194 ° E, 1628 m, 23 Aug 2000 – 24 Aug 2000, Rodriguez, Ohmann, Woolley, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106098) (TAMU). Yavapai Co.: Mud Tanks Mesa, George Crook Road, 33.985 ° N 112.41583 ° W, 1981 m, 14 Jun 1983, R.T. Schuh and M.D. Schwartz, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00100826) Quercus turbinella (Fagaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00100825) Lupinus sp. (Fabaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00100818) (AMNH). California: Inyo Co. : 9 mi NE of Big Pine, 37.257 ° N 118.17301 ° W, 1920 m, 07 Jul 1966, L. and C.W. O’Brien, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079884) (UCB). Colorado: Baca Co. : Springfield, 37.40833 ° N 102.61389 ° W, 18 Jun 1988, R. Wharton and B. Mann, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106104), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106116) (TAMU). Boulder Co.: Nederland, Science Lodge, 39.96139 ° N 105.51028 ° W, 2896 m, 01 Jul 1961, J.R. Stainer, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105060, AMNH_PBI 00105061) (CNC). Valmont Butte, 40.03081 ° N 105.2116 ° W, 1615 m, 01 Jun 1961, J.R. Stainer, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105062) (CNC). Chaffee Co.: Clear Creek Dam, 39.01805 ° N 106.24279 ° W, N. Banks, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00100844) (AMNH). Clear Creek Co.: Doolittle Ranch, Mount Evans, 39.67528 ° N 105.60056 ° W, 2987 m, 21 Jul 1961, B.H. Poole, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105068) (CNC); 08 Jul 1961, J.R. Stainer, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105067) (CNC). Mount Evans, 39.58859 ° N 105.64333 ° W, 4267 m, 25 Jul 1961, B.H. Poole, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105066) (CNC). Mount Evans, 39.58 ° N 105.6 ° W, 3962 m, 13 Jul 1961, C.H. Mann, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105064, AMNH_PBI 00105065) (CNC). Timberline, II, Mt. Evans, 39.58859 ° N 105.64333 ° W, 183 m, 21 Jul 1961, J.R. Stainer, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105063) (CNC). Douglas Co.: Head of Highline Canal, 39.56168 ° N 104.99692 ° W, 16 Jun 1978, J.T. Polhemus, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00064990, AMNH_PBI 00064991) (JTP); 20 Jun 1978, J.T. Polhemus, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00064992, AMNH_PBI 00064993) (JTP); 03 Jul 1979, J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00064989) (JTP). Roxborough Park Road near Chatfield State Park, 39.47389 ° N 105.08472 ° W, 1707 m, 09 Jun 1978, J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065164) (JTP). Waterton, 39.49361 ° N 105.08806 ° W, 10 Jun 1982, D.A. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065326) (JTP); 15 Jun 1984, J.T. Polhemus, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00064994) (JTP). Waterton, Head of Hiline, 39.49361 ° N 105.08806 ° W, 20 Jun 1980, J.T. Polhemus, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00065073) (JTP). El Paso Co.: 7 mi SW Colorado Springs, 38.76209 ° N 104.91294 ° W, 15 Jun 1980, J.T. and D.A. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00064996) (JTP). Colorado Springs, 38.83389 ° N 104.82083 ° W, 1803 m, 27 Jun 1966, J.A. Slater, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00100819), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00100823, AMNH_ PBI 00100824) (AMNH). Pikes Peak, Meadow, 38.84054 ° N 105.04442 ° W, 3353 m, 13 Aug 1941, H.H. Ross, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106796) (USNM). Elbert Co.: 3 mi E of Kiowa, 39.34721 ° N 104.40765 ° W, 29 Aug 1982, D.A. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065376) (JTP). Wolf Creek, 10 mi NE of Kiowa, 39.45213 ° N 104.39879 ° W, 05 Jul 1979, D.A. Polhemus, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00065324, AMNH_PBI 00065325) (JTP). Larimer Co.: 15 mi NW Fort Collins, 40.73882 ° N 105.28629 ° W, 20 Jun 1965, S.G. Wellso, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105795) (TAMU). Las Animas Co.: 6 mi E of Branson, CL1612, 37.01745 ° N 103.77491 ° W, 18 Sep 1979, J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065074), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00065170) (JTP). NE of Trinchera, 37.04224 ° N 104.0474 ° W, 18 Sep 1979, J.T. Polhemus, Gutierrezia sp. (Asteraceae) , 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00065075, AMNH_ PBI 00065076) (JTP). Logan Co.: 15 mi N of Sterling, 40.84241 ° N 103.20722 ° W, 20 Jun 1979, D.A. Polhemus, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00064997, AMNH_PBI 00065163) (JTP). Sterling, 40.62556 ° N 103.20722 ° W, 26 Aug 1925, H.H.Knight, 53 (AMNH_PBI 00106784– AMNH_PBI 00106788), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106806–AMNH_PBI 00106808) (USNM). Otero Co.: Fowler, 38.12917 ° N 104.02329 ° W, 09 Jun 1904, E.S.G. Titts, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106799) (USNM). Pueblo Co.: 10 mi W of Pueblo, 38.2543 ° N 104.79323 ° W, 1524 m, 31 May 1979, D.A. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00064999) (JTP). 12 mi W of Pueblo off Hwy 96, 38.25444 ° N 104.82952 ° W, 15 Jun 1980, J.T. and D.A. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065000) (JTP). Siloam Road, 38.25139 ° N 104.97528 ° W, 01 Jun 1979, D.A. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00064998) (JTP). Weld Co.: 8 mi N Nunn, Pawnee National Grassland, 40.75277 ° N 104.00333 ° W, 06 Jul 1968, collector unknown, Melilotus officinalis (Fabaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00064995) (JTP). Idaho: Licoln Co.: 7 mi E of Dietrich, 42.909357 ° N 114.125989 ° W, 6 Aug 1978, W.F. Barr, Psoralea sp. (Fabaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00125751) (UID). Iowa: Woodbury Co.: Hornick, 42.23055 ° N 96.09752 ° W, 19 Jun 1979, C. von Nidek, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00190083) (ZMAN). Kansas: Chautauqua Co.: Chautauqua County, 37.15005 ° N 96.2336 ° W, 1916, R.H. Beamer, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00075240) (KU). Clark Co.: Clark County, 37.23333 ° N 99.83333 ° W, N. Banks, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00101330) (AMNH). Meade Co.: Meade County, 37.28556 ° N 100.33972 ° W, 15 Aug 1945, R.H. Beamer, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00075239) (KU). Russell Co.: Wilson Lake, 38.98612 ° N 98.76702 ° W, 14 Jun 1983, G.C. Eickwort, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00125476) (CUIC). Sedgwick Co.: Sedgwick, 37.71668 ° N 97.45032 ° W, 1916, R.H. Beamer, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00075246) (KU). Seward Co.: Seward County, 37.2 ° N 100.83333 ° W, Lantz, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106790) (USNM). Sherman Co.: Kanorado, 39.33305 ° N 102.03795 ° W, 04 Jul 1933, P.W. Oman, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106801), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106816) (USNM). Michigan: Manistee Co.: Manistee County, 44.33333 ° N 86.05 ° W, 05 Jul 1957, R. and K. Dreisbach, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106792) (USNM). Nebraska: Furnas Co.: Cambridge, 40.28195 ° N 100.16569 ° W, A.P. Morse, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00101166), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00101173) (AMNH). Garden Co.: Wood Lake, 41.91664 ° N 102.3501 ° W, 27 Jun 1973, L.A. Kelton, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00103906) (CNC). Red Willow Co.: Indianola, 40.23444 ° N 100.41694 ° W, 05 Jul 1900, A.P. Morse, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00101163), 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00101168– AMNH_PBI 00101172) (AMNH). Nevada: Clark Co.: Charleston Peak, 36.27222 ° N 115.69417 ° W, 2286 m, 20 Jul 1982, J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065375) (JTP). Kyle Canyon, Charleston Mountains, 36.29469 ° N 115.44528 ° W, 1524 m, 04 Jul 1941, Timberlake, Heliomeris multiflora nevadensis (A. Nels.) Yates (Asteraceae) , 73 (AMNH_PBI 00083465–AMNH_PBI 00083471), 7♀ (AMNH_PBI 00083472–AMNH_PBI 00083478) (UCR). Lincoln Co.: Lincoln County, 38.00028 ° N 114.87528 ° W, 11 Sep 1961, Timberlake, Melilotus officinalis (Fabaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00083481) (UCR). Nye Co.: Mercury, 36.66056 ° N 115.99361 ° W, 22 Jun 1965, collector unknown, Heliomeris multiflora nevadensis (A. Nels.) Yates (Asteraceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00107261) (USNM). Mercury, 16 M, 36.66056 ° N 115.99361 ° W, 11 Jun 1965, H. Knight and J. Merino, Heliomeris multiflora (Asteraceae) , 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00107260), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107288) (USNM); 19 Aug 1965, J. Merino, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107292) (USNM). Mercury, 19 M, 36.66056 ° N 115.99361 ° W, 22 Jun 1965, H. Knight and J. Merino, Heliomeris multiflora (Asteraceae) , 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107289– AMNH_PBI 00107291), 53 (AMNH_PBI 00106882, AMNH_PBI 00107262–AMNH_PBI 00107265) (USNM), (AMNH_PBI 00106301) (TAMU). Mercury, 401 M, 36.66056 ° N 115.99361 ° W, 18 Jun 1965, H.H. Knight and J. Merino, Heliomeris multiflora (Asteraceae) , 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107280–AMNH_ PBI 00107284), 33 (AMNH_PBI 00107257– AMNH_PBI 00107259) (USNM); 23 Jun 1965, H.H. Knight and J. Merino, 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107285–AMNH_PBI 00107287) (USNM). Mercury, TE, 36.66056 ° N 115.99361 ° W, 10 Jun 1965, E. Beck, H. Knight, J. Merino, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00107255, AMNH_PBI 00107256, AMNH_PBI 00107298), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107277–AMNH_PBI 00107279) (USNM). New Mexico: Bernalillo Co.: Sedillo, 35.09972 ° N 106.29555 ° W, 2120 m, 01 Jun 1983, J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065403) (JTP). Chaves Co.: 10 mi E of Roswell, 33.39913 ° N 104.34623 ° W, 02 Aug 1975, W.F. Chamberlain, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105787, AMNH_PBI 00105788), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105804, AMNH_PBI 00105805) (TAMU). Roswell, Bottomless Lakes, 33.34417 ° N 104.33778 ° W, 21 Jul 1967, L.A. Kelton, 43 (AMNH_PBI 00103920–AMNH_PBI 00103923) (CNC). Grant Co. : 19 mi NE of Lordsburg, Gila National Forest, 32.54504 ° N 108.47726 ° W, 19 Aug 1975, J.D. Pinto, 53 (AMNH_PBI 00083511–AMNH_PBI 00083515), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00083517) (UCR). Guadalupe Co.: Cuervo, 35.03111 ° N 104.40806 ° W, 23 Jun 1940, D.E. Hardy, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00075237, AMNH_ PBI 00075238) (KU). Santa Rosa , 34.93861 ° N 104.68194 ° W, 23 Jun 1941, E.L. Todd, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00075217) (KU). Harding Co.: Gallegos, 35.60972 ° N 103.70667 ° W, 16 Jun 1992, W.F. Chamberlain, 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106043–AMNH_PBI 00106045) (TAMU). Lea Co. : 24.8 mi W of Hobbs, 32.70177 ° N 103.56324 ° W, 15 May 1999, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106097), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00106112) (TAMU). Los Alamos Co.: Los Alamos, Mortandad Canyon, 35.88806 ° N 106.30639 ° W, 2189 m, 01 Sep 1976 – 01 Feb 1977, D.C. Lowrie, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00100843) (AMNH). Otero Co.: Cloudcroft, 32.95731 ° N 105.7424 ° W, 2642 m, 23 Jul 1967 – 25 Jul 1967, L.A. Kelton, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00103933) (CNC). Quay Co.: Canadian River, Logan, 35.35524 ° N 103.41404 ° W, 26 May 1964, L.A. Kelton, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00103918, AMNH_PBI 00103919) (CNC). Montoya, 35.09977 ° N 104.0638 ° W, 1317 m, 26 May 1964, L.A. Kelton, 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00103937) (CNC). Rio Arriba Co. : Echo Amphitheater, 36.36001 ° N 106.5317 ° W, 668 m, 25 Jun 1964, collector unknown, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105791) (TAMU). San Miguel Co.: Las Vegas, Hot Springs, 35.65389 ° N 105.29111 ° W, H.S. Barber, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106782) (USNM). Sandoval Co.: Jemez Springs, 35.76861 ° N 106.69167 ° W, 22 Jun 1915, Woodgate, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106781), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106802–AMNH_PBI 00106804) (USNM); 12 Jul 1915,Woodgate, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00103930) (CNC). Socorro Co. : Magdalena, Cibola National Forest, 34.33333 ° N 107.58333 ° W, 21 Aug 1972, L.A. Kelton, 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00103934– AMNH_PBI 00103936) (CNC). Socorro County , 33.93194 ° N 106.94889 ° W, 18 Aug 1927, R.H. Beamer, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00075275, AMNH_PBI 00075275) (KU). Torrance Co.: Moriarty, 34.5924 ° N 106.0257 ° W, 1896 m, 23 Jun 1941, E.L. Todd, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00075285) (KU). Oklahoma: Caddo Co. : Hinton, 35.47144 ° N 98.35561 ° W, 512 m, 19 Jul 1967, L.A. Kelton, 43 (AMNH_PBI 00103907– AMNH_PBI 00103910) (CNC). Cimarron Co.: Regnier, 36.99396 ° N 102.85681 ° W, 1372 m, 06 Jun 1919 – 09 Jun 1919, collector unknown, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00101162), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00101167) (AMNH). Comanche Co.: Fort Sill, 34.6659 ° N 98.38199 ° W, 344 m, 25 Apr 1954, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105793) (TAMU). Garvin Co.: Purdy, Co. line, Route 76, 28 May 2003, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00133859) (USNM). Pawnee Co.: Pawnee County, 36.33333 ° N 96.75056 ° W, 15 Jul 1932, A.E. Pritchard, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106783), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00106805) (USNM). Stephens Co.: 0.3 km S of Garvin Co. line, on Route 76, 4.5 km S of Purdy, 28 May 2003, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00133857, AMNH_PBI 00133858) (USNM). Texas: Bell Co.: Temple, 31.09823 ° N 97.34278 ° W, 219 m, 25 Apr 1933, S.E. McGregor, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105990), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106016, AMNH_PBI 00106017) (TAMU). Bosque Co.: 2 mi S of Walnut Springs, 32.02847 ° N 97.74917 ° W, 04 May 1973, J.C. Schaffner, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00065321, AMNH_ PBI 00065322) (JTP). 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105809), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105824–AMNH_ PBI 00105826) (TAMU); 21 May 1973, J.C. Schaffner, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00065327, AMNH_ PBI 00065328) (JTP). 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105827, AMNH_PBI 00105828) (TAMU). 2 mi W of Iredell, 31.985 ° N 97.90575 ° W, 06 May 1970, J.C. Schaffner, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105843, AMNH_PBI 00105844) (TAMU); 22 May 1970, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105810) (TAMU); 03 May 1971, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105813), 4♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105839–AMNH_PBI 00105842) (TAMU); 12 May 1971, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105814) (TAMU); 28 Apr 1971, J.C. Schaffner, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105815, AMNH_PBI 00105816), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105838) (TAMU). 3 mi S of Walnut Springs, 32.01396 ° N 97.74917 ° W, 24 May 1973, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065323) (JTP). 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105807, AMNH_PBI 00105808), 5♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00105829–AMNH_PBI 00105833) (TAMU). 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106789), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106809) (USNM); 02 May 1975, J.C. Schaffner, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00105821– AMNH_PBI 00105823) (TAMU). 3 mi W of Laguna Park, 31.85917 ° N 97.4305 ° W, 21 Apr 1972, J.C. Schaffner, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105811, AMNH_PBI 00105812), 4♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105834–AMNH_PBI 00105837) (TAMU). Brewster Co.: 1 mi W of Marathon, 30.205 ° N 103.26096 ° W, 12 Apr 1965, R.C. Dickson, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00083530) (UCR). 10 mi W of Alpine, 30.29149 ° N 103.79631 ° W, 31 May 1970, Hafernik and Murray, 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00105970) (TAMU). 17 mi E of Alpine, 30.35801 ° N 103.37455 ° W, 15 Aug 1992, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105971) (TAMU). Briscoe Co.: 11 mi E of Silverton, 34.47402 ° N 101.11059 ° W, 31 May 2002, J.C. Schaffner, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106035) (TAMU). Brown Co.: Bangs, 31.71694 ° N 99.13222 ° W, 19 Apr 1939, collector unknown, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00106793–AMNH_PBI 00106795) (USNM); 06 Jun 1939, collector unknown, 2♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00106810, AMNH_PBI 00106811) (USNM); 28 May 1941, L.S. Jones, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106812) (USNM). Burnet Co.: Longhorn Cavern State Park, 30.68407 ° N 98.3553 ° W, 417 m, 28 Apr 1968, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105969) (TAMU). Coleman Co.: Coleman, Horne Ranch [9 miles SW], 31.75178 ° N 99.50995 ° W, 19 May 1983, Gilreath-Hackler, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106055, AMNH_PBI 00106056) (TAMU). Cottle Co.: 11 mi N of Paducah, 34.17181 ° N 100.30167 ° W, 27 May 2002, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106139), 3♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00106117–AMNH_PBI 00106119) (TAMU). Crane Co.: 12 mi W of Crane, 31.39706 ° N 102.55377 ° W, 19 Apr 1985, J.C. Schaffner, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106053, AMNH_PBI 00106054) (TAMU). Crockett Co.: 7 mi SE of Sheffield, 30.66142 ° N 101.71054 ° W, 18 Jun 1984, S.J. Hanselmann, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106048, AMNH_PBI 00106049) (TAMU). Culberson Co.: Guadalupe Mountains National Park, Pine Springs Campground, 31.8946 ° N 104.82339 ° W, 1736 m, 25 Sep 1988, M.D. Schwartz, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00100841, AMNH_PBI 00100842) (AMNH). Donley Co.: 6 mi NW of Clarendon on FM 3257, 34.9993 ° N 100.96285 ° W, 31 May 2002, J.C. Schaffner, 73 (AMNH_PBI 00106142– AMNH_PBI 00106148), 15♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106124–AMNH_PBI 00106138) (TAMU). Edwards Co.: 22 mi S of Rocksprings, 29.69751 ° N 100.205 ° W, 30 Apr 1982, J.C. Schaffner, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106021, AMNH_PBI 00106022) (TAMU). Rocksprings, 30.01576 ° N 100.2053 ° W, 732 m, 30 Apr 1983, J.C. Schaffner, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105783, AMNH_PBI 00105993), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105801) (TAMU). Gaines Co.: 20 mi W of Lamesa, 32.70155 ° N 102.29797 ° W, 26 May 1997, W.F. Chamberlain, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106050, AMNH_ PBI 00106051) (TAMU). Gillespie Co.: 18 m S of Llano, 30.49817 ° N 98.70571 ° W, 25 Apr 1993, W.F. Chamberlain, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105994) (TAMU). 2 mi SE of Harper, 30.27918 ° N 99.22011 ° W, 11 Nov 1994, W.F. Chamberlain, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105954, AMNH_PBI 00105968), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105975–AMNH_PBI 00105977) (TAMU). 8 mi E of Fredericksburg, 30.2911 ° N 98.73696 ° W, 28 Apr 1971, V.V. Board, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105988, AMNH_PBI 00105989), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00106015) (TAMU). Glasscock Co.: 9 mi SE of Stanton, 32.03676 ° N 101.67899 ° W, 28 May 1973, Gaumer and Clark, 6♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00106062–AMNH_PBI 00106067) (TAMU). Gray Co.: Lefors, 35.43639 ° N 100.80528 ° W, 29 May 2002, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00106140), 4♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106120– AMNH_PBI 00106123) (TAMU). Hays Co.: 5 mi W of San Marcos, 29.88303 ° N 98.02483 ° W, 19 Apr 1984, J.C. Schaffner, 143 (AMNH_PBI 00105731–AMNH_PBI 00105743, AMNH_PBI 00106106), 23♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105750–AMNH_PBI 00105772) (TAMU). Hemphill Co.: Lake Marvin, 12 mi E of Canadian, 35.883 ° N 100.186 ° W, 28 May 2002, J. C. Schaffner, 73 (AMNH_PBI 00106149–AMNH_PBI 00106155), 19♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00105712–AMNH_PBI 00105730) (TAMU). JeffDavis Co.: 1.8 mi W of McDonald Observatory road on Highway 118, 30.69224 ° N 104.04783 ° W, 09 Aug 1992, W. Godwin and E. Riley, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105953), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105973, AMNH_PBI 00105974) (TAMU). 27.5 mi W of Fort Davis, 30.58724 ° N 104.3579 ° W, 18 Aug 1987, R. Wharton, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105745), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106052) (TAMU). 3 mi W of Fort Davis, Davis Mountains, 30.58 ° N 103.94 ° W, 30 Apr 1982, D.A. and J.T. Polhemus, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00065377–AMNH_PBI 00065379), 2♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00065380, AMNH_PBI 00065381) (JTP). 6 mi SE of Fort Davis, 30.52645 ° N 103.82262 ° W, 11 Aug 1969, Board and Hafernik, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106088) (TAMU). Fort Davis, 30.58806 ° N 103.89417 ° W, 27 Aug 1969, Board and Hafernik, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106093) (TAMU). Nunn Hill, Davis Mountains, 30.75348 ° N 104.14352 ° W, 23 Jul 1950, R.F. Smith, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00101161) (AMNH). Kerr Co.: 30 mi W of Mountain Home, 30.03905 ° N 99.86434 ° W, 21 May 1989, W.F. Chamberlain, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00105747– AMNH_PBI 00105749), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105773) (TAMU). 4 mi E of Junction of Highway 83 and 39, 29.94707 ° N 99.62586 ° W, 09 Apr 1995, W.F. Chamberlain, 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00106107) (TAMU). Hunt, 30.07056 ° N 99.3375 ° W, 01 May 1966, J.C. Schaffner, 43 (AMNH_PBI 00106099–AMNH_PBI 00106102), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106113) (TAMU). Junction of Highways 39 and 187, 29.95328 ° N 99.55549 ° W, 03 May 1996, W.F. Chamberlain, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105955), 4♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105979–AMNH_ PBI 00105982) (TAMU). Kimble Co.: 2 mi N London, 30.7057 ° N 99.57611 ° W, 17 Apr 1984, J.C. Schaffner, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00105784– AMNH_PBI 00105786), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105802, AMNH_PBI 00105803) (TAMU). 5 mi. west of Harper, 30.29969 ° N 99.32796 ° W, 29 Apr 1983, J.C. Schaffner, 53 (AMNH_PBI 00105782, AMNH_PBI 00105960–AMNH_PBI 00105963), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105985) (TAMU). 6.5 mi S of London, Llano River crossing, 30.58316 ° N 99.57574 ° W, 13 May 1977, Gillogly and Schaffner, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105964, AMNH_PBI 00105965) (TAMU). Junction, 30.48917 ° N 99.77167 ° W, 29 Apr 1983, J.C. Schaffner, 73 (AMNH_PBI 00105777–AMNH_ PBI 00105781, AMNH_PBI 00105966, AMNH_ PBI 00105967), 6♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105796– AMNH_PBI 00105800, AMNH_PBI 00105984) (TAMU). Llano Co.: 13 mi W of Llano, 30.75898 ° N 98.89432 ° W, 23 Apr 1979, H. Burke, D. Delorme, J. C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106103), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106114, AMNH_PBI 00106115) (TAMU). 3 mi NW of Valley Spring, 30.88983 ° N 98.85267 ° W, 20 Apr 1985, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106105) (TAMU). Llano, 30.75917 ° N 98.67472 ° W, 01 Jun 1980, J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065631), 7♀ (AMNH_PBI 00065632–AMNH_PBI 00065638) (JTP). Valley Spring, 30.85934 ° N 98.81727 ° W, 397 m, 14 May 1966, P.K. Wagner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106057), 4♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106058–AMNH_PBI 00106061) (TAMU). Nolan Co.: Sweetwater, 32.47083 ° N 100.40556 ° W, 07 May 1987, J. Cokeendolpher, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00243740, AMNH_ PBI 00243741), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00243742) (FSCA). McCulloch Co.: 10 mi S of Brady, 30.98985 ° N 99.33472 ° W, 12 May 2000, W.F. Chamberlain, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106111) (TAMU). 2 mi NW of Voca, 31.02574 ° N 99.22291 ° W, 20 Apr 1985, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105992), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106018–AMNH_PBI 00106020) (TAMU). Motley Co.: Matador, 34.01202 ° N 100.822 ° W, 726 m, 15 Jun 1933, H.G. Johnston, 16♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105995–AMNH_PBI 00106010) (TAMU). Potter Co.: 1 mi N of Canadian River on Route 87, 35.47925 ° N 101.88666 ° W, 08 Jun 1980, J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00065165), 4♀ (AMNH_PBI 00065166– AMNH_PBI 00065169) (JTP). Amarillo, 35.22199 ° N 101.8312 ° W, 28 Sep 1930, S.E. Jones, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105987), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106014) (TAMU); 16 Sep 1938, R.K. Fletcher, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105986), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106011– AMNH_PBI 00106013) (TAMU). Presidio Co.: 12 mi S of Marfa, 30.13357 ° N 104.01861 ° W, 29 Sep 1966, C.L. Cole, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106091) (TAMU). 5 mi N of Shafter, 29.89259 ° N 104.30278 ° W, 1219 m, 30 Apr 1982, D.A. and J.T. Polhemus, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00065118) (JTP). 6 mi S of Marfa, 30.22068 ° N 104.01861 ° W, 13 Oct 1966, C.L. Cole, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106109) (TAMU). 7 mi S of Marfa, 30.20616 ° N 104.01861 ° W, 08 Jun 1968, J.E. Hafernik, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00106089, AMNH_PBI 00106090), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106108) (TAMU). Marfa, 30.30778 ° N 104.01861 ° W, 06 Jun 1908, Mitchell and Cushman, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00107121) (USNM). Reagan Co.: 8 mi W of Big Lake, 31.19231 ° N 101.59598 ° W, 19 Apr 1989, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105744) (TAMU). Real Co.: 19 mi N of Leakey, 29.98056 ° N 99.69137 ° W, 09 May 1987, W.F. Chamberlain, 43 (AMNH_PBI 00105956– AMNH_PBI 00105959), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105983) (TAMU). 28 mi SW of Hunt, 29.86788 ° N 99.68746 ° W, 07 Apr 1991, W.F. Chamberlain, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106046, AMNH_PBI 00106047) (TAMU). 4 mi S of Garven Store, 30.00995 ° N 99.69139 ° W, 09 Apr 1995, W.F. Chamberlain, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105792) (TAMU). Roberts Co.: 20 mi NW of Miami, 35.89625 ° N 100.89034 ° W, 30 May 2002, J.C. Schaffner, 7♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106036–AMNH_PBI 00106042) (TAMU). San Saba Co.: 15 mi NW of San Saba, 31.34939 ° N 98.89776 ° W, 15 May 1971, Board and Clark, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106092) (TAMU). Shackelford Co.: 10 mi W of Albany, 32.72321 ° N 99.46943 ° W, 12 May 2000, W.F. Chamberlain, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106096), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106110) (TAMU). Somervell Co.: 10 mi W Glen Rose, 32.23432 ° N 97.92657 ° W, 04 May 1973, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105819) (TAMU). 3 mi S of Glen Rose, 32.1909 ° N 97.755 ° W, 04 May 1973, J.C. Schaffner, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00105817, AMNH_PBI 00105818) (TAMU). 5 mi S of Glen Rose, 32.16188 ° N 97.755 ° W, 20 Jun 1973, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00105820) (TAMU). Sutton Co.: 22 mi E of Sonora, 30.46638 ° N 100.29055 ° W, 11 Apr 2002, M.J. Yoder, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00106086, AMNH_PBI 00106087) (TAMU). Upton Co.: 1 mi E of Rankin, 31.2225 ° N 101.92052 ° W, 19 Apr 1985, J.C. Schaffner, 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00105746) (TAMU). Uvalde Co.: Concan, 29.49523 ° N 99.71255 ° W, 116 m, 22 Apr 1994, W.F. Chamberlain, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105789), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105806) (TAMU). Junction of Highways 127 and US83, 29.50015 ° N 99.72225 ° W, 03 May 1996, W.F. Chamberlain, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00105978) (TAMU). Unknown Co.: Liberty Hill, 17 May 1967, P.M. Wagner, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105972) (TAMU). Plainview, 09 Nov 1930, S.E. Jones, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00105991), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00106023) (TAMU). Wyoming: Sheridan Co.: Sheridan, 44.79722 ° N 106.95556 ° W, 06 Jul 1896, R.P. Currie, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106797) (USNM). Unknown state: Unknown locality, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00106791) (USNM).