Daleapidea albescens (Van Duzee)

Forero, D., 2008, Revision And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Hadronema Group (Miridae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini), With Descriptions Of New Genera And New Species, And Comments On The Neotropical Genus Tupimiris, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (312), pp. 1-172 : 67-72

Daleapidea albescens (Van Duzee) Figures 2, 19, 21–23

Hadronema albescens Van Duzee, 1918: 297 [n. sp.].

Hadronema (Aoplonema) albescens: Knight, 1928: 177 [subgeneric placement, key]; Carvalho, 1958: 68 [catalog].

Daleapidea albescens: Knight, 1968: 102 [new combination]; Henry and Wheeler, 1988: 407 [catalog]; Schuh, 1989:161 [diagnosis, distribution, hosts]; Schuh, 1995: 102 [catalog].

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the orange head and mostly orange legs (fig. 2); the laterally expanded buccula covered with long dense hairs; the normally developed evaporatory area and peritreme; and the elongate sensory lobe on the dorsal surface of the left paramere with an expanded dorsal apical process (fig. 21).

Daleapidea albescens is easily distinguished from other Daleapidea species by the overall orange coloration, the structure of the evaporatory area, and the structure of male genitalia, in particular of the left paramere. The modified dorsal surface of the left paramere is unique among species of the Hadronema group, which usually have a curved dorsal surface without any sensory lobes or prolongations.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium size, total length 3.82–4.05. COLORATION: Pale with orange and dark areas (fig. 2). HEAD: Orange; base of head next to eyes with two small dark areas; sometimes mandibular and maxillary plates pale yellow; suture at base of plates connecting antennal socket with eye not pigmented; gena usually paler; eyes dark; labrum basally dark; labium darkened, segment I pale orange, segments III–IV shiny brown; antennae black. THORAX: Collar pale gray; pronotum gray; calli black with shiny areas; mesoscutum orange; scutellum pale orange, brighter toward the margin; proepisternum pale gray with a black spot at base of coxal suture; proepimeron pale gray, some- times anteriorly more orange with a black spot on coxal suture; mesepisternum black, sometimes suffused with orange; mesepimeron pale gray, sometimes suffused anteriorly with orange; metepisternum black orange, evaporatory area pale, peritreme dark; prosternum whitish; mesosternum dark. Hemelytra: Pale gray; clavus and corium with claval suture and medial fracture dark brown with longitudinally arranged dark brown spots, corium with a rounded dark brown marking next to the claval commissure; cuneus whitish; membrane brown, veins dark brown. Legs: Procoxa orange, basally black, usually with an anterior and a posterior dark spot; meso- and metacoxa black, apically orange; foreleg trochanters orange, on middle and hindlegs basally pale, apically black; femora orange, apically black, metafemur almost completely black, orange apically; tibiae dark brown; tarsi black. ABDOMEN: Sternites black on dorsal margin, whitish medially, posterior sternites with whitish marking small. GENI- TALIA: Genital capsule black; proctiger dark brown; parameres brown. STRUCTURE: HEAD: Dull; buccula expanded laterally, beset with long delicate setae; labrum subequal to buccula; labium reaching mesocoxa; apex of antennal segment II cylindrical. THORAX: Disc of scutellum flat; proepisternum with long setae; metepisternum with evaporatory area and peritreme normally developed. Legs: Coxae, trochanters, and femora with short setae; metafemur curved posteriorly in dorsal view; protibia with apical expanded area covered laterally with not so dense enlarged setae; mesotarsus without long lateral setae. ABDOMEN: Sternites with short sparse setae; segments III–VI weakly keeled. GENITALIA (fig. 21): Ventrolateral right projection of genital capsule narrow and round- ed; left paramere with apicoventral process acute, apically with a dorsal flattened truncate projection, dorsal surface of paramere with a large cylindrical dorsal projection apically beset with stout setae; right paramere apically truncate, dorsal process of medium size, acute; left spicule with rami greatly expanded and denticulate, reaching apex of right spicule; right spicule gently curved upward, tapering towards apex, weakly denticulate apically.

Female: Similar to male, larger and wider, total length 4.22–4.69. COLORATION: Mostly similar to male. HEAD: Clypeus bright orange; first antennal segment reddish black. ABDOMEN: Ovipositor black; sternite IX black. STRUCTURE: Similar to male. GEN-

ITALIA: Interramal sclerites subquadrangular, not reaching medial area (fig. 22); dorsal lobes of interramal sclerites oblong, barely elongate (fig. 22); sclerotized rings not well sclerotized, accessory lateral piece inconspicuous (fig. 22); ventral protuberance of ventral labiate plate weakly sclerotized (fig. 23).

DISTRIBUTION: Owens Valley (California) and adjacent Great Basin (Nevada), and desert areas of southernmost California (fig. 19).

HOSTS: Most of the specimens studied were found on Psorothamnus emoryi and P. polydenius ( Schuh, 1989) , and some others on Dalea sp. , all belonging to the Fabaceae . The Tetradymia (Asteraceae) and Tiquilia (Boraginaceae) records are probably sitting ones due to the paucity of specimens found on each plant. Alternatively, the Tiquilia record may be an association with a meloid host plant, because Phodaga alticeps LeConte feeds mainly on Tiquilia (see below) (as Coldenia, Pinto, 1984 ).

Some female specimens collected by J.D. Pinto at ‘‘Salton City, CA’’ (AMNH_PBI 00082998–AMNH_PBI 00083000) were associated with dead Phodaga alticeps (Meloidae) , which is the first association to meloid beetles for any species of Daleapidea .

DISCUSSION: Daleapidea albescens is peculiar among Daleapidea species due to the structure of the left paramere, in particular the enlarged middorsal process, and by having a normally developed metathoracic scent-gland peritreme and evaporatory area. Nevertheless, in all species of the genus the dorsal setae of the left paramere are grouped together on a single central sensory area in contrast to what is seen in other genera of the Hadronema group, in which the setae occupy a more caudal and extended area. The apical setae of the dorsal prolongation in D. albescens are considered homologous to the setae on the flat surface of the sensory lobe of the other two species of Daleapidea .

Daleapidea albescens is sympatric with D. daleae . Both species feed on Psorothamnus emoryi and P. polydenius . Daleapidea decorata , which feeds on P. polydenius , is found only in Baja California (fig. 19).

HOLOTYPE MALE (not examined): USA: California: Riverside Co.: Palm Springs , 21 May 1917, E.P. Van Duzee, 13 ( CAS).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA: Arizona: La Paz Co.: Parker, 34.15002 ° N 114.28911 ° W, 129 m, 16 May 1980, J.G. and B.L. Rozen, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100459) ( AMNH). Yuma Co. : Yuma County , 32.72528 ° N 114.62361 ° W, 20 Dec 1939, L.L. Stitt, 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00105598) ( TAMU). California: Imperial Co. : 12 mi W of Calexico, at base of Mount Signal, 32.6788 ° N 115.6392 ° W, 2 4 m, 15 Apr 1974, J.D. Pinto, Tiquilia palmeri (Boraginaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00082997) ( UCR). 3 mi W Salton City, 33.29 ° N 116.007 ° W, 24 Apr 1983, J.D. Pinto, associated with dead Phodaga alticeps (Meloidae) , 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00082998– AMNH _ PBI 00083000) ( UCR). 3.5 mi NW of Glamis Algodones Dunes, 33.033 ° N 115.113 ° W, 13 Apr 1968, E.I. Schlinger, 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00082993); Dalea sp. (Fabaceae) , 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00082941) ( UCR). 5.4 mi NW of Ocotillo on Rt S2, 32.79381 ° N 116.05899 ° W, 23 Apr 1980, Schwartz and Russell, Psorothamnus emoryi (Gray) Rydb. (Fabaceae) , 83 ( AMNH _ PBI 00100311– AMNH _PBI 00100318), 7♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100452– AMNH _PBI 00100458)

( AMNH).Travertine Rock, 33.42305 ° N 116.05888 ° W, 22 m, 24 Apr 1949, R.A. Flock, Dalea sp. (Fabaceae) , 113 ( AMNH _PBI 00082982– AMNH _ PBI 00082992), 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00082994– AMNH _PBI 00082996) ( UCR). Inyo Co. : 2 mi S Oasis, 37.45 ° N 117.917 ° W, 26 Apr 1941, Timberlake, Psorothamnus emoryi (Fabaceae) , 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00079782), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00079793) ( UCB), 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00083046), 6♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00083047– AMNH _PBI 00083052) ( UCR). 21.7 mi E of Rt 395 on Westgard Pass Road, 37.32859 ° N 118.04468 ° W, 1560 m, 02 Jul 1980, R.T. Schuh, Psorothamnus polydenius (Torr.) Rydb. (Fabaceae) , 223 ( AMNH _PBI 00100259– AMNH _ PBI 00100276, AMNH_PBI 00100284–AMNH_ PBI 00100286, AMNH _PBI 00102772), 11♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100480– AMNH _PBI 00100490) ( AMNH); Psorothamnus polydenius Rydb. (Fabaceae) , 33 ( AMNH _PBI 00065289– AMNH _PBI 00065291), 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00065292– AMNH _PBI 00065294) ( JTP). 6 mi N of Bishop Fish Slough, 37.45474 ° N 118.40166 ° W, 15 Jun 1973, J.D. Pinto, 23 ( AMNH _PBI 00100287, AMNH _PBI 00100288) ( AMNH), 33 ( AMNH _PBI 00082976– AMNH _PBI 00082978), 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00082979– AMNH _PBI 00082981) ( UCR); 22 Jun 1978, J.D. Pinto, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100448) ( AMNH); Dalea sp. (Fabaceae) , 233 ( AMNH _PBI 00082915– AMNH _PBI 00082929, AMNH_PBI 00082942– AMNH _ PBI 00082949), 15♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00082930– AMNH _PBI 00082939, AMNH_PBI 00082950– AMNH _PBI 00082954) ( UCR). 9 mi NE of Big Pine, 37.257 ° N 118.17301 ° W, 1920 m, 09 Jun 1966, W. Gagne, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00080038) ( UCB). Antelope Springs, 37.33111 ° N 118.08639 ° W, 14 Jun 1961, C.A. Toschi, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00079794) ( UCB); 15 Jun 1961, C.A. Toschi, 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00079780), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00079795) ( UCB). Deep Spring Lake Flats, Route 168, 37.3 ° N 117.9 ° W, 1603 m, 12 Jul 1980, G.M. Stonedahl, 113 ( AMNH _ PBI 00100300– AMNH _PBI 00100310), 18♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100460– AMNH _PBI 00100476, AMNH _PBI 00100487) ( AMNH). Deep Springs Lake Flat, Route 168, 37.3 ° N 117.9 ° W, 1644 m, 12 Jul 1980, R.T. Schuh and G.M. Stonedahl, Psorothamnus polydenius (Torr.) Rydb. (Fabaceae) , 73 ( AMNH _PBI 00100277– AMNH _ PBI 00100283), 8♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100477– AMNH _PBI 00100479, AMNH_PBI 00100491–

AMNH_PBI 00100494, AMNH _PBI 00102758) ( AMNH). Mono Co.: Benton Hot Springs, 37.81917 ° N 118.47556 ° W, 08 Jun 1966, W. Gagne, 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00079781) ( UCB). Riverside Co.: 18.1 mi W Blythe, 33.60988 ° N 114.9109 ° W, 24 Oct 1951, Timberlake, Psorothamnus emoryi (Fabaceae) , 163 ( AMNH _ PBI 00083001– AMNH _PBI 00083016), 29♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00083017– AMNH _PBI 00083045) ( UCR). 3 mi E of Mecca, 33.5766 ° N 116.0555 ° W, 98 m, 27 Apr 1952, Timberlake, Psorothamnus emoryi (Fabaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00083054) ( UCR). Coachella, 33.6803 ° N 116.17389 ° W, 02 May 1918, J.C. Bradley, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00125441) ( CUIC). Indio, 33.72056 ° N 116.21472 ° W, 02 May 1918, J.C. Bradley, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00125440) ( CUIC). Palm Springs, 33.83028 ° N 116.54444 ° W, 14 May 1941, Timberlake, Psorothamnus emoryi (Fabaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00083055) ( UCR). San Bernardino Co.: 24 mi W of Rice, 34.0709 ° N 115.24152 ° W, 358 m, 09 May 1980, J.G. and B.L. Rozen, 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00100299) ( AMNH). San Diego Co.: Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Carrizo Creek, 10.2 mi NW of Ocotillo on Rt S2, 32.87 ° N 116.1 ° W, 23 Apr 1980, M.D. Schwartz and L. Russell, Psorothamnus emoryi (Gray) Rydb. (Fabaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00100450) ( AMNH). Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Elephant Tree trail, 4.7 mi S Ocotillo Wash, 33.05832 ° N 116.13287 ° W, 166 m, 22 Apr 1980, M.D. Schwartz and L. Russell, Psorothamnus emoryi (Gray) Rydb. (Fabaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100449) ( AMNH). Anza- Borrego Desert State Park, Fish Creek Campground, 33.0257 ° N 116.1088 ° W, 122 m, 22 Apr 1980, L. Russell and M.D. Schwartz, Psorothamnus emoryi (Gray) Rydb. (Fabaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100451) ( AMNH). Borrego, 33.22111 ° N 116.33333 ° W, 28 Apr 1955, R.O. Schuster, 13 ( AMNH _PBI 00079779) ( UCB). Coyote Canyon, Borrego, 33.3617 ° N 116.40362 ° W, 305 m, 27 Aug 1954, Timberlake, Psorothamnus emoryi (Fabaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00083053) ( UCR). San Diego County, 32.71528 ° N 117.15639 ° W, collector unknown, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00125439) ( CUIC). Nevada: Nye Co.: 2 mi E of Tonopah, 38.06722 ° N 117.19244 ° W, 1890 m, 08 May 1966, W. Gagne, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00080037) ( UCB). Atomic Test Site, 7.5 mi W Mercury Hwy, Cane Springs Rd (A26), 36.6 ° N 116.1 ° W, 1158 m, 06 Jun 1983, R.T. Schuh, M.D. Schwartz, G.M. Stonedahl, Psorotham- nus polydenius (Torr. ex S. Wats.) Barneby (Fabaceae) , 93 ( AMNH _PBI 00100291– AMNH _PBI 00100298, AMNH _PBI 00101214) ( AMNH). Atomic Test Site, Rock Valley on Jackass Flat Rd (A25), 36.6851 ° N 116.4 ° W, 1006 m, 06 Jun 1983, R.T. Schuh, M.D. Schwartz, G.M. Stonedahl, light trap, 8♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00100440– AMNH _PBI 00100447) ( AMNH). Atomic Test Site, Rock Valley on Jackass Flats Rd, 36.80111 ° N 116.3125 ° W, 1006 m, 06 Jun 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, light trap, 23 ( AMNH _PBI 00100289, AMNH _ PBI 00100290) ( AMNH). Beatty, 36.90855 ° N 116.7592 ° W, 1008 m, 23 Jun 1967, W. Gagne, light trap, 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00079797– AMNH _PBI 00079799) ( UCB). Washoe Co.: Nixon, 39.83194 ° N 119.35694 ° W, 21 Jun 1960, F.D. Parker, Tetradymia canescens (Asteraceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00105597) ( TAMU). S shore of Pyramid Lake, 39.8647 ° N 119.43752 ° W, 17 Jun 1966, W. Gagne, Dalea sp. (Fabaceae) , 33 ( AMNH _ PBI 00079783– AMNH _PBI00079785), 7♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00079786– AMNH _PBI 00079792) ( UCB).