Pteromalus capito Baur

Klimmek, Fabian & Baur, Hannes, 2018, An interactive key to Central European species of the Pteromalusalbipennis species group and other species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae), with the description of a new species, Biodiversity Data Journal 6, pp. 27722-27722 : 27722

Pteromalus capito Baur sp. n.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143853; decimalLongitude: 6.795059; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 03/08/2015; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Holotype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_621; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143853; decimalLongitude: 6.795059; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_620; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143445; decimalLongitude: 6.794963; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_624; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143445; decimalLongitude: 6.794963; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_625; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.144322; decimalLongitude: 6.794976; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_622; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.144322; decimalLongitude: 6.794976; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_623; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143652; decimalLongitude: 6.795199; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_626; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143652; decimalLongitude: 6.795199; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_627; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143882; decimalLongitude: 6.795086; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_628; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.143882; decimalLongitude: 6.795086; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_629; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.144121; decimalLongitude: 6.794942; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_630; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.144121; decimalLongitude: 6.794942; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_631; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.14371; decimalLongitude: 6.795148; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_632; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.14371; decimalLongitude: 6.795148; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_633; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Ticino, Faido, Garlengo ; decimalLatitude: 46.456363; decimalLongitude: 8.796262; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 08/06/2013; habitat: Marsh area; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_634; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.142351; decimalLongitude: 6.795546; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 30/07/2003; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_694; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.142351; decimalLongitude: 6.795546; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 30/07/2003; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_695; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: H. Baur; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: dry mounted; Taxon: scientificName: Pteromaluscapito; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Pteromalidae; genus: Pteromalus; specificEpithet: capito; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Baur; Location: continent: Europe; country: Switzerland; locality: Wallis, Champery , Col de Bretolet ; decimalLatitude: 46.142351; decimalLongitude: 6.795546; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: H.Baur; dateIdentified: 2017; Event: samplingProtocol: sweeping; eventDate: 30/07/2003; habitat: Alpine meadow; Record Level: type: Paratype; language: de; institutionID: NMBE; institutionCode: Natural History Museum Bern (NMBE); collectionCode: NMBE_HB_696; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Female: Colour: Head and mesosoma: green to blue-green with metallic lustre; setae on head and mesosoma: whitish, inconspicuous; tegula: testaceous; setae on callus of popodeum: whitish. Scape: fuscous with basal third to half testaceous; pedicel: fuscous; flagellum: brown to black. Fore wing: hyaline; fore wing venation: testaceous; setae on fore wing: whitish except for setae on the lower surface of the costal cell and for some setae along the distal part of the marginal vein which are fuscous; hind wing: hyaline. Procoxa: green-blue; meso- and metacoxa: infuscate with metallic tinge; trochanters: infuscate, testaceous at tips; profemur: infuscate, testaceous in apical sixth; mesofemur: infuscate, testaceous in apical and basal tips; metafemur: infuscate with metallic tinge, testaceous in apical tenth; pro- and mesotibiae: testaceous, medially slightly infuscate; metatibia: infuscate, basal fifth and apical third testaceous; protarsus: testaceous with distal segments infuscate; meso- and metatarsus: testaceous; pretarsi: infuscate. Petiole: dark green with purplish tinge; gaster: dark blue-green with metallic lustre; gastral terga: one to five green to blue. Sculpture: Head in frontal view: finely reticulate with moderately high septa; clypeus: striate; area between clypeus and malar sulcus: finely reticulate. Mesoscutum: finely reticulate, meshes moderately high, areoles slightly enlarged medially in posterior part of sclerite; scutellum: reticulate, meshes about as strong and coarse as on posterior part of mesoscutum; frenum: reticulate, meshes mostly similar in size to those on scutellum; axilla: reticulate, about as strongly as on central part of scutellum; prepectus upper triangular area: weakly reticulate to almost smooth; upper mesepimeron: smooth to alutaceous; upper mesepisternum: reticulate, about as strongly as on mesoscutum; metapleuron: finely reticulate, less strongly than on mesepisternum. Procoxa: alutaceous to finely reticulate; mesocoxa: finely alutaceous; metacoxa: finely reticulate. Median area of propodeum: finely reticulate, less strongly than on mesoscutum, with longitudinal ridges; inner corner of anterior plica: with a large depression, alutaceous; nucha: finely reticulate, meshes transverse, less strong than on median area of propodeum; callus of propodeum: finely reticulate; paraspiracular sulcus: smooth with few transverse costulae. Petiole in dorsal view: smooth; gastral terga: smooth and shining, second to fifth tergum anteriorly alutaceous, sixth and syntergum entirely alutaceous. Shape and structure: Head in frontal view: subtrapezoid; gena in frontal view: slighty buccate; temple in dorsal view: obtuse; forming an angle with occiput of: 110 degrees; occipital carina: absent; torulus position with respect to lower ocular line: distinctly above; lower face in lateral view: rather flat; receding with respect to upper face: weakly; forming an angle of 35 degrees; scrobe: narrow, moderately deep; malar sulcus: superficial, but traceable; clypeus anterior margin: narrowly and shallowly emarginate, without a depression above emarginate edge; gena near mouth: terete; tentorial pit: indistinct; mouth extension: not conspicuously enlarged; mandibular formula: 3-4. Antenna: Antennal formula: 11263; scape reaching: middle of anterior ocellus; flagellum: weakly clavate; first anellus: strongly transverse; second anellus: strongly transverse; first funicular segment: slightly conical; setae on flagellum: thickly clothed with subdecumbent setae, length of setae at most half as long as breadth of flagellar segments; number of rows of longitudinal sensilla on first funicular segment: 2; on sixth: 1-2. Mesosoma in lateral view: moderately bent; propodeum in lateral view sloping with respect to dorsal plane of mesoscutum and scutellum at an angle of 40 degrees; pronotum breadth with respect to mesoscutum breadth: distinctly narrower; pronotum collar: horizontal, well defined; its length with respect to mesoscutum length: slightly more than one sixth; its anterior margin: slightly elevated ridge, sometimes medially carinate; pronotum posterior margin: finely reticulate, shiny; notauli: superficial; reaching: two thirds along mesoscutum; scutellum in lateral view: moderately convex, slightly depressed around the middle; scutellum in posterior view: convex; scutellum posterior margin projection: level of anterior margin of dorsellum; scutellum posterior margin in posterior view: narrowly emarginate in the middle; frenal line: finely indicated, especially on sides; prepectus upper triangular area: separated by an indistinct oblique carina; upper mesepimeron: strongly narrowing below, not reaching base of mesopleuron; propodeum anterior plica: strong, bent inwards posteriorly to form an elevated costula; posterior plica: present, joining anterior plica; orientation of posterior plica: strongly converging; median carina of propodeum: present, often bifurcating from base of propodeum; nucha: lunate strip, clearly delimited from median area by an edge; spiracle: oval, almost touching anterior margin of propodeum; size: moderate; callus pilosity: sparsely pilose; paraspiracular sulcus: with large and moderately deep fovea slightly offset from spiracle, bluntly reflexed at level of posterior edge of fovea. Fore wing: Fore wing apex with respect to apex of gaster when folded back: slightly exceeding; basal cell number of setae: bare; basal setal line: incomplete; with 0 setae; cubital setal line: incomplete; with 0 setae; costal cell pilosity on dorsal side: bare; costal setal line: widely interrupted medially; speculum on dorsal side: bare, extending or almost extending to stigmal vein, widely open below; wing disc: sparsely pilose; marginal setae: missing; stigma: oval to subrhombical, small; uncus: short. Femora: moderately slender; metatibia: gradually widening towards apex; metacoxa pilosity dorsal: bare. Petiole in dorsal view: conical; in ventral view: open; gaster in dorsal view: elongate, acuminate; gastral terga: convex, sometimes weakly sunken; posterior margin of first gastral tergum: entire; first gastral tergum reaching: one fifth of gaster; tip of hypopygium reaching about half of gaster; ovipositor sheath: distinctly protruding. Length and body ratios: Body length: 2.8-4.0 mm; mesoscutum breadth: 635-1002 μm. Head breadth to head height: 1.30-1.45; head breadth to length: 1.89-2.25; head breadth to mesoscutum breadth: 1.02-1.15; upper face height to head height: 0.56-0.61; POL to OOL: 1.26-1.52; eye height to breadth: 1.34-1.52; eye distance to height: 1.38-1.52; temple length to eye height: 0.21-0.42; malar space to eye height: 0.46-0.54. Antenna length to head breadth: 0.86-0.94; scape length to eye height: 0.72-0.80; pedicel length to breadth: 1.33-1.94. Mesosoma length to mesoscutum breadth: 1.28-1.50; mesoscutum breadth to length: 1.43-1.87; mesoscutum length to scutellum length: 1.05-1.28; propodeum length to scutellum length: 0.29-0.42; plica distance to propodeum length: 1.90-3.05. Fore wing length to breadth: 2.15-2.36; marginal vein to stigma vein length: 1.44-1.80. Metafemur length to breadth: 3.46-3.76. Gaster length to breadth: 1.93-2.39; gaster length to mesosoma length: 1.43-1.66.

Diagnosis

The female of P. capito Baur sp. n. keys out in Graham (1969) via couplets 1, 2, 7-9, 11, 12, 14-19, 21, 22, 24 to P. caudiger (alternatively couplets 22, 24, 25 to P. albipennis ), where it fits neither description. The species belongs to a group of species with an interrupted costal setal line (i.e. to the Pteromalus albipennis group sensu Graham 1969). In this group, it is most similar to P. albipennis . It is distinguished from this and all other species by the following combination of characters: Clypeus emargination narrow and smooth, distal part of scape fuscous (Fig. 5c), head posterior to eye relatively broad (Fig. 4a), sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate (Fig. 4d), reticulation on frenum median area coarser than on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one seventh to one sixth the length of mesoscutum, often slightly elevated anteriorly (Fig. 4c), setae on fore wing almost exclusively pale (Fig. 4b), proximal half of metatibia with fuscous infumation (Fig. 5b), metacoxa only apically with setae, paraspiracular inclination blunt (Fig. 3b), area below propodeal foramen with pit absent and fissure present (Fig. 2c), ratio of antenna length to OOL <5.85, ratio of eye distance to POL>2.73. Below, the most important differences are given for those species with which P. capito Baur sp. n. might be most easily confused (character states, where the other species differ from P. capito Baur sp. n., are underlined).

P. achillei : Clypeus emargination narrow and smooth or foveate, distal part of scape fuscous or testaceous, head posterior to eye relatively narrower, sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate, transversely rugulose or smooth, reticulation on frenum median area coarser than or as coarse as on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one seventh to one sixth the length of mesoscutum, not elevated anteriorly, setae on fore wing fuscous, proximal half of metatibia yellow or with fuscous infumation, metacoxa only apically with setae, paraspiracular inclination sharp or blunt, area below propodeal foramen with pit present or absent, fissure absent.

P. albipennis : Clypeus emargination narrow and foveate, distal part of scape fuscous (Fig. 8c), head posterior to eye relatively narrower (Fig. 7a), sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate or transversely rugulose (Fig. 7d), reticulation on frenum median area coarser than or as coarse as on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one seventh to one sixth the length of mesoscutum, not elevated anteriorly (Fig. 7c), setae on fore wing pale or fuscous (Fig. 7b), proximal half of metatibia yellow or with fuscous infumation (Fig. 8b), metacoxa only apically with setae (Fig. 8b), paraspiracular inclination sharp (Fig. 3a), area below propodeal foramen with pit present, fissure present or absent, ratio of antenna length to OOL>5.85, ratio of eye distance to POL <2.73.

P. caudiger : Clypeus emargination narrow and foveate, distal part of scape fuscous, head posterior to eye relatively narrower, sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate or transversely rugulose, reticulation on frenum median area coarser than on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one seventh to one sixth the length of mesoscutum, usually not elevated anteriorly, setae on fore wing fuscous, proximal half of metatibia yellow or with fuscous infumation, metacoxa only apically with setae, paraspiracular inclination sharp (Fig. 3a), area below propodeal foramen with pit present and fissure absent (Fig. 2a).

P. cingulipes : Clypeus emargination narrow and smooth or foveate, distal part of scape fuscous or testaceous, head posterior to eye relatively narrower, sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate or transversely rugulose, reticulation on frenum median area coarser than or as coarse as on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one seventh to one sixth the length of mesoscutum, usually not elevated anteriorly, setae on fore wing pale, proximal half of metatibia with almost black infumation, metacoxa only apically with setae, paraspiracular inclination sharp (Fig. 3a), area below propodeal foramen with pit present or absent, fissure absent, ratio of eye distance to POL <2.73.

P. eudecipiens : Clypeus emargination narrow or wide and smooth, distal part of scape fuscous or testaceous, head posterior to eye relatively narrower, sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate or transversely rugulose, reticulation on frenum median area coarser than or as coarse as on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one seventh to one sixth the length of mesoscutum, not elevated anteriorly, setae on fore wing fuscous, proximal half of metatibia yellow or with fuscous infumation, metacoxa only apically with setae, paraspiracular inclination sharp (Fig. 3a), area below propodeal foramen with pit present and fissure present or absent.

P. intermedius : Clypeus emargination wide and smooth, distal part of scape fuscous or testaceous, head posterior to eye relatively narrower, sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate or transversely rugulose, reticulation on frenum median area coarser than or as coarse as on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one fifth the length of mesoscutum, mostly elevated anteriorly, setae on fore wing fuscous, proximal half of metatibia yellow or with fuscous infumation, metacoxa only apically with setae, paraspiracular inclination blunt (Fig. 3b), area below propodeal foramen with pit absent, fissure present (Fig. 2c).

P. patro : Clypeus emargination narrow and foveate, distal part of scape fuscous, head posterior to eye relatively narrower, sculpture of middle part of propodeum transversely rugulose, reticulation on frenum median area coarser than on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one seventh to one sixth the length of mesoscutum, not elevated anteriorly, setae on fore wing fuscous, proximal half of metatibia yellow or with fuscous infumation, metacoxa only apically with setae, paraspiracular inclination sharp (Fig. 3a), area below propodeal foramen with pit present, fissure absent (Fig. 2a).

P. temporalis : Clypeus emargination wide and smooth, distal part of scape testaceous, head posterior to eye relatively narrower, sculpture of middle part of propodeum reticulate or transversely rugulose, reticulation on frenum median area coarser than or as coarse as on scutellum median area, pronotal collar one fifth the length of mesoscutum, usually not elevated anteriorly, setae on fore wing fuscous, proximal half of metatibia yellow, metacoxa with a few short setae also basally, paraspiracular inclination blunt (Fig. 3b), area below propodeal foramen with pit absent, fissure absent (Fig. 2b).

Etymology

The species epithet " capito " refers to the relatively massive head of the species in comparison to its morphologically closest relatives. The word derives from Latin " capito " meaning "one that has a large head, big-headed". It is a noun that does not change with gender.

Biology

Pteromalus capito Baur sp. n. is a parasitoid of larvae of Tephritidae ( Diptera ). Reared specimens emerged from Crepis pyrenaica (L.) Moench (coll. 07.07.2016) together with Tephritis crepidis Hendel, from Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench (coll. 21.07.2016) together with Tephritis conura (Loew), Campiglossa cf. guttella (Rond.) and Campiglossa cf. producta (Loew) and from Centaurea jacea L. s.l. (coll. 27.07.2016) together with Chaetoriella jaceae (Rob.-Desv.) and Acanthiophilus helianthi (Rossi) (Suppl. materials 6, 7).

Morphometric data

Fig. 9a shows the scatterplot of the PCA for Pteromalus albipennis , P. capito Baur sp. n. and P. cingulipes (28 measurements). P. capito Baur sp. n. is clearly separated from P. cingulipes along PC1 but shows some overlap with P. albipennis along both axes. A closer look at the explanatory power of the single principal components reveals that PC1 only explains 20.8%, which shows that the differences between P. cingulipes and a group composed of P. capito Baur sp. n. and P. albipennis are marginal. In total, both axes explain 38.6% of the variation, indicating a close resemblance of all three species. Fig. 9b shows the results of the PCA with P. cingulipes excluded. The data clouds of P. capito Baur sp. n. and P. albipennis are now also completely separated along PC1, although the difference is relatively small with 26.2% of the variation explained. PC2 explains 20.4% and together they explain 46.6% of the variation. Allometric effects can be excluded, since the two groups do not lie on a common allometric axis (Fig. 9c). The PCA ratio spectrum of Shape PC1 shows several characters which dominate the separation: ool.l, gst.b, clv.b, stv.l and pol.l (Fig. 9d). These are the characters positioned far apart from each other and therefore contribute most to the variation explained by PC1. All other characters are clustered together in the middle of the axis and have thus only a marginal influence on the separation of the two species. The best ratios to separate P. capito Baur sp. n. from its closest relatives are shown in Table 3.

The measurements for all species are listed in Suppl. materials 2, 3, 4, 9.