Cambalida fulvipes (Simon, 1896)

Haddad, Charles Richard, 2012, A revision of the Afrotropical spider genus Cambalida Simon, 1909 (Araneae, Corinnidae), ZooKeys 234, pp. 67-119 : 92-100

Cambalida fulvipes (Simon, 1896) Figures 5, 6, 8-13, 54, 80-83

Castianeira fulvipes Simon, 1896: 406 comb. n.

Castianeira depygata Strand, 1916: 91 syn. n.

Castianeira mestrali Lessert, 1921: 424 syn. n.

Type material.

Lectotype female and paralectotype female, here designated. SOUTH AFRICA: Pretoria [25°42'S, 28°13'E], MNHN 18324 (examined).

Type material of synonyms.

Castianeira depygata Strand, 1916. Holotype male. D.R. CONGO: Lake Kivu, Kwidjwi Island [Idjwi Island, 02°10'S, 29°03'E], leg. A.F. Herzog, IX.1907, ZMB 27150 (examined); Castianeira mestrali Lessert, 1921. Lectotype male and paralectotype female, here designated. TANZANIA: Kibonoto [Kibongoto, 03°11'S, 37°06'E], IX–X.1905? (zone des cultures), MNHG (examined).

Other material examined.

BOTSWANA: Maphaneng Pan, near Maun [19°56'S, 23°25'E], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 13.XI.1976 (mopane woodland), 1♀ (PCRS); Okavango Delta, Pom Pom, 19°35.072'S, 22°50.560'E, leg. E. Kassimatis, 17.VIII.2001 (sweeping, pitfalls), 1imm. 1♂ (NCA 2007/1314); Okavango Delta, Shakawe Fishing Camp, 18°26'05"S, 20°54'23"E, leg. J. van As, 26. IV– 7.V.2005 (pitfall traps, forest), 2♀ (NCA 2006/819); Okavango Delta, Xugana island, 130km NNE of Maun, 19°04'S, 23°03'E, leg. B. Lamoral, 18-21.XI.1980, 1♀ (NMSA 20265), 1♂ (NMSA 20266), 1♀ (NMSA 20267), 1♀ (NMSA 20270); Same data, 19-24.XI.1980, 1♀ (NMSA 22011); Same data, 21-22.XI.1980, 1♀ (NMSA 22012). CAMEROON: Faro Game Reserve, 08°24'N, 12°49'E, leg. R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert & M. Alderweireldt, 5.V.2007 (gallery forest, pitfall), 1♂ (MRAC 221185); Same locality, leg. R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert & M. Alderweireldt, 5.V.2007 (mature gallery forest, pitfall), 1♂ (MRAC 221214); Same locality, leg. R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert & M. Alderweireldt, 29.IV.2007 (termite mound), 1♂ (MRAC 221372); Mabete [Mabeta, 04°00'N, 09°17'E], leg. B. Malkin, 24. V– 7.VI.1949, 3♂ 1♀ (CAS, CASENT 9033127); Mount Cameroun, near Buea, 04°12'N, 09°11'E, 1200m a.s.l., leg. Bosmans & Van Stalle, 12.III.1981 (meadow), 2♂ (MRAC 162109); Muyuka [04°17'N, 09°24'E], leg. B. Malkin, 24-29.VI.1949, 1♂, together with 1♀ Cambalida deminuta (CAS, CASENT 9033116). D.R. CONGO: Fernand Vaz River, 1♂, together with lectotype and paralectotype of Cambalida deminuta (MNHN 4109). Kivu: Ruindi Plain, leg. M. Lejeune, 10.VII.1972 (battage), 2imm. 1♀ (MRAC 144623); Ruzizi Plain [02°55'S, 29°04'E], Gikanga sector, 890m a.s.l., leg. S. Ndani, V.1966, 2♂ 2♀ (MRAC 130608), 1♂ (MRAC 130609); Same locality, 900m a.s.l., leg. S. Ndani, V.1966 (dans terreau de bamboos), 2♂ 3♀ (MRAC 130586). ETHIOPIA: Abernosa Ranch, Near Adami Tulu, 07°52'N, 38°42'E, 1600m a.s.l., 23.V.1981, leg. A. Russell-Smith (under log, Acacia tortilis woodland), 1♂ (PCRS); Addis Ababa, 09°00'N, 38°45'E, 27.IX.1982, leg. A. Russell-Smith (in grazed grassland, course of Bote stream), 1♂ (PCRS); Awash National Park, Compound of Ras Hotel, 09°05'N, 40°00'E, 22.VI.1983, leg. A. Russell-Smith (in heap of cut grass), 1♂ (PCRS); Moyale, 03°33'N, 39°03'E, leg. W.J. Pulawski, 10.VII.1997, 1♀ (CAS, CASENT 9033098); 10 km E of Addis Ababa, Road to Debre Berhan, 09°02'N, 38°14'E, 2400m a.s.l., 15.VI.1987, leg. A. Russell-Smith (litter of semi-deciduous montane scrub), 1♂ 1♀ (PCRS). GABON: Estuaire: Ntoum, 00°23'N, 09°47'E, leg. A. Pauly, VII–IX.1985 (milieux divers), 1♂ (MRAC 172996); Same locality, leg. A. Pauly, 7.XI.1985 ( carrière de sable, piège bac d'eau), 1♂ (MRAC 172933); Kango, bords du Komo, 00°09'N, 10°08'E, leg. A. Pauly, 17.XI.1985 ( piège bac d'eau), 1♀ (MRAC 173037). IVORY COAST: Appouesso, 06°35'N, 03°28'W, leg. R. Jocqué, 20.XI.1994 (cocoa plantation, W of village), 1♂ (MRAC 201033); Same locality, leg. R. Jocqué, 21.XI.1995 (in house), 1♂ (MRAC 202685); Bandama River, N of Korhogo, 09°27'N, 05°38'W, leg. J. Everts, V.1980 (centre riverine forest), 1♂ (MRAC 172291); Same data, VI.1980, 1♂ (MRAC 172288); Bientotkro, near Gagnoa [06°07'N, 05°56'W], leg. A. RussellSmith, 27.VIII.1992 (in valley rice field), 1♂ 6♀ (PCRS); Bouaké [07°41'N, 05°02'W], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 21.VIII.1994 (under stones, rocky outcrop in degraded savanna), 1♀ (PCRS); Same locality, West African Rice Development Association, leg. A. Russell-Smith, 17.VIII.1994 (weed control experiment), 3♂ 10♀ (PCRS); Dobouo [06°51'N, 06°32'E], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 26.VIII.1992 (in harvested upland rice field), 2♂ 4♀ (PCRS); Gagnoa [06°07'N, 05°56'W], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 14.III.1995 (pitfall, upland rice), 23♂ 14♀ (PCRS); Same locality, leg. A. Russell-Smith, 5.VIII.1995 (in upland rice after harvest), 2♂ 2♀ (PCRS); Ganhoué [08°11'N, 07°51'W], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 27.VIII.1987 (in upland rice field), 1♀ (PCRS); Mankono, Ranch de la Marahoué, 08°27'N, 06°52'W, leg. J. Everts, II.1980 (riverine forest), 1♀ (MRAC 172277); Same data, III.1980, 3♀ (MRAC 172269); Same data, IV.1980, 2♂ (MRAC 172270); Same data, V.1980, 3♀ (MRAC 172266); Odienné, Idessa station [09°30'N, 07°34'W], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 20.VIII.1992 (in upland rice field), 1♀ (PCRS); Serifoula [08°07'N, 07°57'W], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 21.VIII.1993 (in harvested upland rice field), 1♀ (PCRS); Taï Forest, Ecological Research Centre, 05°50'N, 07°21'W, leg. R. Jocqué & D. Van den Spiegel, 22.II.2010 (under planks in base camp, hand catch), 1♀ (MRAC 233650). KENYA: Amboseli National Park [02°40'S, 37°15'E], A. Russell-Smith, 7.I.1985 (in Acacia woodland), 3♀ (PCRS); Homa Bay Farmers Training Centre, 00°27'S, 34°24'E, leg. C. Midega, 15.III.2004 (pitfall traps, maize fields), 1♀ (NCA 2004/1340), 1♂ (NCA 2004/1343), 1♂ (NCA 2004/1358), 1♂ 1♀ (NCA 2006/1351), 1♂ (NCA 2004/1348), 1♀ (NCA 2004/2132); Mount Kasigau, Jora village, 03°50'S, 38°39'E, leg. E. Selempo, XII.2001 (pitfall trap), 1♂ (MRAC 213091); Nairobi, Garden at Muthaiga [01°15'S, 36°50'E], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 30.XII.1977 (in short grass and under stones), 2♀ (PCRS); Ngaia Forest, 00°19'N, 38°02'E, leg. R. Jocqué, C. Warui & D. Van den Spiegel, 24.IV.2004 (sieved litter), 1♀ (MRAC 215238); Same locality, 1071m a.s.l., leg. D. Van den Spiegel, 3.XII.2002, 1♀ (MRAC 220167). MALAWI: Chintheche, 11°50'S, 33°13'E, leg. R. Jocqué, II.1977, 1♂ (MRAC 152368); Michiru Wildlife Reserve, near Blantyre, 15°45'S, 34°58'E, leg. A. Russell-Smith, 27.X.1996, 1♀ (PCRS). MOZAMBIQUE: Inhaca Island, 26°01'S, 32°54'E, leg. T. Steyn, 28. V– 19.VI.1994 (beach and dunes, by hand), 2♂ (MRAC 215980); Same locality, leg. T. Steyn, 5-19.II.1994 (coastal woodland, pitfalls), 1♂ 1♀ (MRAC 208942); Same data, 2-16.X.1993, 1♀ (MRAC 209033); Same data, 30. X– 13.XI.1993, 1♂ (MRAC 209057); Same data, 13-27.XI.1993, 3♂ 1♀ (MRAC 209294); Same data, 5-19.III.1994, 1♀ (MRAC 209437); Same data, 25. VI– 9.VII.1994, 1♀ (MRAC 209464); Same data, 19. III– 2.IV.1994, 1♂ (MRAC 209731); Same data, 14-28.V.1994, 2♂ (MRAC 209773); Same data, 23. VII– 6.VIII.1994, 4♂ 1♀ (MRAC 209878); Same data, 19. II– 5.III.1994, 1♀ (MRAC 209893); Same locality, leg. T. Steyn, 11-25.XII.1993 (open parkland, pitfalls), 1♂ (MRAC 209687); Same locality, leg. T. Steyn, 4-18.X.1993 (wetland, pitfalls), 1♂ (MRAC 209068); Same data, 28. V– 19.VI.1994, 1♀ (MRAC 209718); Same data, 25. VI– 9.VII.1994, 1♂ (MRAC 208987). NIGERIA: Western State: Ibadan, I.I.T.A., 07°14'N, 03°30'E, leg. A. Russell-Smith, 7.VI.1981 (short grass beside lake), 1♀ (MRAC 177278). RWANDA: Butare, 02°36'S, 29°44'E, leg. P. Nyalugaka, VI–VII.1971, 1♂ 1♀ (MRAC 140729). SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Province: Mpofu Nature Reserve, 32°36'S, 26°36'E, leg. S. Peinke (in building), 1♀ (NCA 2011/823); St Francis Bay, 34°08'S, 24°50'E, leg. A. Leroy, 18.XII.2006 (in leaf litter, under vegetation, static dunes), 1♂ (NCA 2008/1989); W of Sterkstroom, Bamboesberg, Farm Bamboeshoek, 31°36'S, 26°22'E, leg. M. Burger, M. Fabricius & C. Lakoy, 1♀ (NCA 2008/1895). Free State Province: Bloemfontein, 29°08'S, 26°10'E, leg. S. Louw, 8.XII.1988 (in house), 1♀ (NMBA 2800); Bloemfontein, Bain's Vlei, 29°02.764'S, 26°04.780'E, leg. V. Swart, 26.XII.2011 (on floor in- side house), 1♂ (TMSA 24131); Bloemfontein, Free State National Botanical Gardens, 29°08'S, 26°10'E, leg. R. Poller & S. Otto, XII.2006 (pitfall traps), 2♂ (NMBA 11165); Same locality, 29°02'S, 26°12'E, leg. V. Butler, 18.IX.2009 ( Searsia lancea leaf litter), 1♀ (NMBA 15672); Same locality, 29°03'S, 26°13'E, leg. C. Haddad, X.2010 (base of grass tussocks), 1♀ (NMBA 16163); Bloemfontein district, Farm Deelhoek, 28°51'S, 26°07'E, leg. C. Haddad, 17.XI.2001 ( Eucalyptus leaf litter), 1♂ 2♀ (NCA 2002/500); Bloemfontein district, Hopefield farm, 28°54'S, 26°14'E, leg. C. Haddad, 28.X.2001 (bluegum leaf debris), 1imm. 3♂ 1♀ (MRAC 214919); Same locality, leg. C. Haddad, 18.XI.2001 ( Eucalyptus leaf litter), 5♀ (NCA 2002/501); Same locality, leg. C. Haddad, 22.XII.2002 (kukuyu grass along reservoir), 1♀ (NCA 2002/502); Brandfort district, Florisbad Research Station, 28°46'S, 26°05'E, 1250m a.s.l., leg. Museum Staff, III.1983 (pitfall traps), 1♀ (NMBA 351); Same locality, leg. L.N. Lotz, 23. XI– 8.XII.1987 (pitfall traps), 1♂ (NMBA 8315), 1♂ (NMBA 8459); Same locality, leg. L.N. Lotz, 8-21.XII.1987 (pitfall traps), 1♂ (NMBA 8464), 1♂ (NMBA 9331); Same locality, leg. L.N. Lotz, 31. X– 18.XI.1988 (pitfall traps), 1♂ (NMBA 4814), 1♂ (NMBA 4884), 1♂ (NMBA 4909), 1♂ (NMBA 4919); Erfenis Dam Nature Reserve, 28°30'S, 26°48'E, leg. C. Haddad, S. Otto & R. Poller, 22. X– 22.XI.2005 (pitfall traps, unburned site 2), 1♂ (NMBA 13943); Ladybrand district, Farm De Luc, 29°17.524'S, 27°24.267'E, leg. C. Haddad, 5.XII.2008 (base of grass tussocks), 2♀ (NCA 2008/4282); Sandveld Nature Reserve, 27°41'S, 25°43'E, leg. C. Haddad, 22.IX.2003 ( Acacia erioloba leaf litter), 2♂ (NCA 2002/524); Same locality, leg. C. Haddad, 25.X.2003 ( Acacia erioloba leaf litter), 1♂ (NCA 2002/513); Willem Pretorius Nature Reserve, 28°16.660'S, 27°12.207'E, leg. R. Fourie & A. Grobler, 30. IX– 28.X.2009 (pitfall traps, near water level), 1♂ (NCA 2009/3526). Gauteng Province:Alice Glockner Nature Reserve, Wonderboom, Farm Rietspruit, 26°44.389'S, 28°22.661'E, leg. R. Koko, 2.VIII.2005 (pitfall traps), 1♀ (NCA 2008/2783); Johannesburg, Florida [26°30'S, 27°54'E], leg. R. Tucker, XII.1918, 1♀ (SAM B4507); Krugersdorp, Farm Hekpoort, 25°56'52.9''S, 27°37'46.0''E, 1447m a.s.l., leg. H. Roux, 2.XII.2003 (baited pitfall, open woodland), 1♀ (NCA 2008/4280); Marievale Bird Sanctuary, 26°20'S, 28°32'E, leg. V.D. & B. Roth, 8.XII.1990, 1♀ (CAS, CASENT 9033179). KwaZulu-Natal Province: Empangeni, 28°45'S, 31°54'E, leg. P. Reavell, 21.XI.1978 (on wall of plastic pool), 1♀ (NMSA); Hluhluwe-Imfolozi Park, Hilltop Research Station, 28°04.680'S, 32°02.472'E, leg. C. Haddad, 20.IV.2006 (leaf litter, Afromontane forest), 1imm. 1♂ 1♀ (NCA 2006/808); iSimangaliso [Greater St Lucia] Wetlands Park, Hell's Gate, 28°02.3'S, 32°26.0'E, leg. J. Esterhuizen, 26.I.2004 (tsetse fly traps), 1♂ (NCA 2004/776); Mfongozi, 27°17'S, 32°09'E, leg. W.C. Jones, I.1918, 1♂ (SAM B4140); Ndumo Game Reserve, Dipini Hide, 26°51.678'S, 32°15.514'E, leg. C. Haddad, 6.VII.2002 (on ground), 1♂ (NCA 2002/375); Same locality, E shore of Shokwe Pan, 26°52.516'S, 32°12.407'E, leg. C. Haddad, 22.I.2006 (grass at base of fever trees), 1♂ 2♀ (NCA 2006/721); Pietermaritzburg, 29°37'S, 30°23'E, leg. R.F. Lawrence, XI.1943, 2♀ (NMSA 3921); Same locality, leg. R.F. Lawrence, XII.1936, 1♂ (NMSA 1341); Umgeni River Valley [29°28'S, 30°14'E], leg. R.F. Lawrence, XII.1959, 1♀ (NMSA 7425); Zululand, 28°18'S, 32°21'E, leg. J. Pryke, 1.II.2010 (pitfall traps, indigenous forest), 1♀ (NCA 2011/910). Limpopo Province: Acornhoek [24°36'S, 31°05'E], leg. R. Tucker, XI.1918, 2imm. 4♂ 8♀ (SAM B4385); Bekendevlei, between Settlers and Tuinplaas (Springbokvlakte), leg. M. van Jaarsveld, 17.XII.2002 (pitfall traps, grass), 3♂ (NCA 2003/1337); Klein Kariba, near Warmbaths [Bela-Bela], 24°50'S, 28°20'E, 1140m a.s.l., leg. C.E. Griswold, 24-28.XI.1996 (lush bushveld), 1♀ (CAS, CASENT 9033184); Makalali Private Game Reserve, 24°09'S, 30°41'E, leg. C. Whitmore, XI.1999, 1♀ (NCA 2007/1150); Messina [Musina, 22°20'S, 30°02'E], leg. R. Tucker, XI.1918, 1♀ (SAM B4472); Roedtan, between Settlers and Tuinplaas (Springbokvlake), leg. M. van Jaarsveld, 6.II.2002 (pitfall traps, grass), 1♀ (NCA 2003/505); Settlers, 24°59'S, 28°33'E, leg. H. van der Merwe, 5.XII.1979, 1♀ (NCA 2010/246); Soutpansberg Mountains, Lajuma Mountain Retreat, Woodland 2a, 23°02.534'S, 29°26.848'E, leg. S. Foord, 25.I.2008 (pitfall traps), 1♀ (NCA 2008/1897); Same locality, leg. S. Foord, 3.XI.2004 (sifting litter, woodland), 1♂ (NCA 2010/2626). Mpumulanga Province: Bethal, 26°26'S, 29°27'E, leg. Dr. Broodryk, I.1986 (maize field), 1♂ (NCA 86/60); Delmas, Farm Rietvallei, 26.087°S, 28.573°E, leg. M. van Jaarsveld, 23.II.2005 (pitfall traps, unsprayed maize), 1♀ (NCA 2007/1303); Delmas, Farm Welgevonden, 26°14.640'S, 28°42.378'E, leg. D. Jacobs, 9-26.XII.2007, 1♂ (NCA 2008/3900); Komatipoort [25°31'S, 31°49'E], leg. R. Tucker, XI.1918, 1♀ (SAM B4342); Kruger National Park, 6km S of Skukuza, 25°00'S, 31°36'E, 1200ft, leg. C. Griswold, 17.XII.1984 (in shady ravine), 1♀ (NMSA 20278). Northern Cape Province: Kathu district, Pniel Farm, 28°35.420'S, 24°31.967'E, leg. R. Lyle, 20. IX– 31.X.2005 (pitfall traps, dry savanna), 1imm. 1♂ (NCA 2006/1097); Prieska district, Green Valley Nuts, 29°35'S, 22°56'E, leg. C. Haddad, 18.XII.2002 (under cut ground cover vegetation, pistachio orchards), 1♂ 2♀ (NCA 2002/487); Schmidtsdrift district, Geelkoppies Farm, 28°43'S, 23°52'E, leg. C. Haddad, V.2002 (kukuyu grass along reservoir), 1♂ (NCA 2002/489). North West Province: Brits, 25°39'S, 27°45'E, leg. R. Watmough, 1984-1985 (cotton field), 2♀ (NCA 87/8); Vryburg district, Weltevrede Farm, 27°24.976'S, 24°29.906'E, leg. R. Lyle, R. Fourie, D. du Plessis & J. Adendorff, 9-12.I.2008 (leaf litter, Winkler traps), 1♀ (NCA 2009/3675); Same locality, 27°26.258'S, 24°29.873'E, leg. R. Lyle, R. Fourie, D. du Plessis & J. Adendorff, 10.I.2008 (leaf litter, dry river bed), 1♀ (NCA 2009/3677). Western Cape Province: Fisherhaven, near Hermanus, 34°21.430'S, 19°07.557'E, leg. C. Haddad, 12.I.2008 (sifting leaf litter), 1♀ (NCA 2008/462); Same locality, leg. C. Haddad, 26.XII.2000 (under rocks along Bot River Lagoon), 1♀ (NCA 2002/503); Malmesbury, Rondeberg, 33°24'S, 18°16'E, leg. G. Visagie, 24.X.1987 (under plants), 1♀ (NMBA 2143); Montagu Baths, 33°47'S, 20°07'E, leg. W.F. Purcell, X.1902, 1♂ 2♀ (SAM 12676); Swartberg Nature Reserve, Gamkaskloof, Die Hel, 33°21'S, 21°41'E, leg. Z. van der Walt, 15.II.2001 (on soil), 1♂ 3♀ (NCA 2002/202); Same data, 1♀ (NCA 2005/2029). SWAZILAND: Hlatikulu [26°57'S, 31°18'E], I.1939, 1♀ (NMSA 2574); Mbabane [26°19'S, 31°08'E], leg. R.F. Lawrence, XI.1964, 1imm. 2♂ 4♀ (NMSA 9441). TANZANIA: Mkomazi Game Reserve, behind Ibaya Camp, 04°00'S, 38°00'E, leg. S. van Noort, 1.XII.1993 (leaf litter near stream), 1♀ (SAM C5360); Same locality, Ibaya Camp, 04°00'S, 38°00'E, leg. S. van Noort, 6.XII.1993 (in Ficus litter), 1♂ (SAM C5359); Same locality, leg. A. Russell- Smith, 24.XI.1994 (litter of dry Spirostachys forest), 3♂ 8♀ (MRAC 211326); Uzungwa Mountains, Mwanihana Forest, Sanje River [07°50'S, 36°50'E], 300m a.s.l., loc. 14, leg. M. Stoltze & N. Scharff, 25.VIII.1982, 1♀ (ZMUC); 1km N of Matema, forest at foot of Livingstone Mountains, 09°30'S, 34°03'E, leg. R. Jocqué, 24.XI.1991 (sieved litter), 2♀ (MRAC 1735592); Same locality, leg. R. Jocqué, 5.XI.1991 (litter, by hand), 1♀ (MRAC 173449). UGANDA: Entebbe, Entebbe Botanical Gardens [00°03'N, 32°28'E], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 17.V.1991 (in long grass), 1♀ (PCRS); Mpanga Forest Reserve, near Mpigi [00°12'N, 32°17'E], leg. A. Russell-Smith, 28.VI.1998 (in litter), 1♀ (PCRS). ZIMBABWE: 42km S of Karoi, 1729B2, leg. Falcon College and NHMZ staff, 16.XII.1984, 1♀ (NMZ 3977); Bulawayo, Hillside, 20 °10'S, 28°33'E, leg. M. FitzPatrick, II.1999, 1♀ (NMZ 15401); Same locality, leg. M. FitzPatrick, III.1999, 1♀ (NMZ 15405); Cheware River, 2km SW of Kasawe spring, 1629B1, leg. Falcon College and NHMZ staff, 8.XII.1984, 1♀ (NMZ 3850); Detema stream, 1km NE of Tobwe School, 1827B1, leg. I.M. Sango, 31.VIII.1985, 1♂ (NMZ 3741); S of Bulawayo, R.E.P. School, Matopos, 2028B3, leg. S. Higgins, 1.XI.1979, 1♀ (NMZ 536); Victoria Falls, 17°56'S, 25°50'E, leg. W.J. Pulawski, 1-8.II.1995, 4♀ (CAS, CASENT 9033117).

Diagnosis.

Females of this species can be recognised by the broad curved epigynal ridges and the nearly round ST II of the female epigyne (Fig. 80). Males have a curved basal section of the embolus and a distal section that is gently curved towards the tip of the embolus (Figs 54, 82).

Remarks.

The larger of the two females in the type series is designated here as the lectotype.

Female

(Hopefield, NCA 2002/502). Measurements: CL 2.45, CW 1.84, AL 3.70, AW 2.30, TL 5.95 (5.95-6.90), FL 0.22, SL 1.16, SW 1.08, AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.34, PME–PME 0.14, PME–PLE 0.07, PLE–PLE 0.54, PERW 0.77, MOQAW 0.32, MOQPW 0.44, MOQL 0.43.

Length of leg segments (sequence from femur to tarsus, and total): I 1.70 + 0.75 + 1.36 + 1.28 + 0.88 = 5.97; II 1.55 + 0.63 + 1.13 + 1.11 + 0.75 = 5.17; III 1.40 + 0.68 + 1.04 + 1.23 + 0.65 = 5.00; IV 2.09 + 0.85 + 1.85 + 2.12 + 0.85 = 7.76.

Carapace dark orange-brown with black mottling, clypeus slightly paler, eye region darker; black striae radiating from fovea towards palps and leg coxae; surface finely granulate, sparsely covered in white plumose setae. All eyes with black rings; AER procurved, ALE much larger than AME; AME separated by distance approximately 3∕5 their diameter, AME separated from ALE by 1∕6 AME diameter; clypeus height slightly less than 1½ AME diameter; PER procurved, PLE slightly larger than PME; PME separated by distance slightly less than their diameter, PME separated from PLE by distance slightly more than ½ PME diameter; CW:PERW = 2.39:1. Chelicerae deep orange-brown with black mottling on anterior surface, pale orange-brown proximally and along prolateral distal margin; three teeth on promargin, median tooth largest, proximal and distal teeth smaller and subequal, distal tooth situated closest to median tooth; two slightly separated subequal teeth on retromargin; endites mottled dark brown, fading to yellow and cream prolaterally; labium mottled dark brown, cream distally; sternum deep orange-brown with dark brown mottling, except at setal bases, giving speckled appearance. Legs finely granulate; femora I brown with black mottling, except along dorsal midline, yellow dorsally at distal end; femora II and III yellow with broad black mottled ring at ¾ their length; femora IV yellow, with dark brown ring with black mottling from ½ their length, yellow at distal end; patellae I–IV yellow with faint black mottling, dark around patellar indentation; tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi I–III yellow with faint lateral mottling; tibiae IV yellow-orange with broad incomplete mott- led black ring medially, mottling absent dorsally, proximally and distally; metatarsi IV yellow with faint black lateral mottling; tarsi IV yellow. Leg spination: femora: I pl 1 do 3, II do 3, III pl 2 do 3 rl 1, IV pl 1 do 3 rl 1; patellae with do 1 long distal seta; tibiae: I plv 1 rlv 1, II rlv 1-2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 vt 2, IV pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 vt 2; metatarsi: I plv 2 rlv 2, II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3, IV pl 3 rl 3 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3. Palpal spination: femora do 2, patellae pl 1 spine and do 2 short setae, one proximally and one distally, tibiae pl 1 do 1 plv 1, tarsi pl 1 plv 3 rlv 1. Abdomen mottled dark grey, with cream spots around sigilla, fine cream chevrons in posterior ⅔ of abdomen and small white spot above spinnerets; dorsal scutum mottled dark brown, extending 1∕5 abdomen length; venter mottled pale grey, darker towards spinnerets, epigastric sclerite brown and inframamillary sclerite yellow-brown. Epigyne with broad curved epigynal ridges with lateral copulatory openings (Fig. 80); copulatory ducts initially directed laterally, looping sharply towards posterior then transversely towards midline, bending at nearly a right angle before entering ST II posteromedially; ST II somewhat round, joined broadly to large kidney-shaped posterior ST I (Fig. 81).

Male

( Bain’s Vlei, TMSA 24131). Measurements: CL 2.50, CW 1.83, AL 2.75, AW 1.55, TL 5.10 (5.07-5.45), FL 0.19, SL 1.10, SW 1.01, AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.03, ALE–ALE 0.34, PME–PME 0.13, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.52, PERW 0.73, MOQAW 0.33, MOQPW 0.42, MOQL 0.41.

Length of leg segments (sequence from femur to tarsus, and total): I 1.73 + 0.73 + 1.48 + 1.43 + 1.03 = 6.40; II 1.62 + 0.63 + 1.23 + 1.26 + 0.91 = 5.65; III 1.49 + 0.65 + 1.10 + 1.35 + 0.73 = 5.32; IV 2.19 + 0.81 + 1.94 + 2.20 + 0.95 = 8.09.

Carapace dark brown, nearly black, clypeus black medially and paler brown laterally, eye region black; black striae radiating from fovea towards palps and leg coxae; surface finely granulate, densely covered in white plumose setae. All eyes with black rings; AER procurved, ALE larger than AME; AME separated by distance slightly more than 3∕5 their diameter, AME separated from ALE by distance equal to ¼ AME diameter; clypeus height equal to 14∕5 AME diameter; PER procurved, PLE slightly larger than PME; PME separated by distance slightly more than ⅞ their diameter, PME separated from PLE by distance slightly more than 2∕5 PME diameter; CW:PERW = 2.51:1. Chelicerae dark brown with black mottling on anterior surface, yellow along prolateral distal margin; three teeth on promargin, median tooth largest, proximal and distal teeth smaller and subequal, distal tooth situated closest to median tooth; two slightly separated subequal teeth on retromargin, closer to fang base than promarginal teeth; endites dark brown, fading to yellow and cream prolaterally; labium dark brown, cream distally; sternum deep red-brown with black mottling, except at setal bases, giving speckled appearance. Legs finely granulate; femora I dark brown, bright yellow-orange dorsally and at distal end laterally; femora II bright orange with proximal and lateral black mottling; femora III orange with black mottling in distal ⅓; femora IV dark orange with black lateral mottling and broad black band in distal ½; patellae I–III bright yellow and IV bright orange, all with black lateral mottling, darker around patellar indentation; tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi I and II yellow and III orange with faint black lateral mottling; tibiae IV reddish-orange with dense black mottling, yellow at distal end; metatarsi IV bright red-orange with black mottling, except at proximal end; tarsi IV yellow-orange. Leg spination: femora: I pl 1 do 3, II pl 1 do 3, III pl 2 do 3 rl 1, IV pl 2 do 3 rl 1; patellae with do 1 long distal seta; tibiae: I plv 1 rlv 1, II rlv 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 1-2 rlv 0-1 vt 2, IV pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 1 vt 2; metatarsi: I plv 2 rlv 2, II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3, IV pl 3 rl 3 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 3. Palpal spination: femora pl 1 do 2, patellae pl 1 spine and do 2 short setae, one proximally and one distally, tibiae pl 1 plv 1, tarsi pl 2 plv 2. Abdomen with deep wine-red dorsal scutum with dense black mottling, covering entire dorsum; small white spot of dense plumose setae just above spinnerets; venter mottled dark grey, epigastric sclerite, post-epigastric sclerites and ventral sclerite deep red-brown, inframamillary sclerite yellow-brown. Palps dark brown with dense black mottling; embolus short and broad, basal coil slightly curved, distal section nearly transverse in ventral view, curved towards tip (Figs 54, 82, 83).

Distribution.

Widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa (Fig. 95).

Biology.

This is the Cambalida species that occupies the greatest range of habitats, from tropical and temperate forests, to savannas, grasslands, karoo and fynbos. Although generally scarce in agroecosystems, this species has been caught in the ground cover layer of pistachio nuts in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa ( Haddad and Dippenaar-Schoeman 2006), maize fields in Kenya and South Africa, and rice paddies in West Africa.

Feeding in Cambalida fulvipes follows a similar pattern to that observed for other corinnids such as Graptartia ( Haddad 2004). Prey is grasped using the first two pairs of legs, which form a basket in which the prey is subdued. Following the bite, prey may die within 1 minute (e.g. vinegar flies Drosophila melanogaster Meigen), after which feeding commences. Once complete, only a small ball of macerated prey remains is left.