Rasbora haru, Lumbantobing, Daniel N., 2014

Lumbantobing, Daniel N., 2014, Four new species of Rasbora of the Sumatrana group (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from northern Sumatra, Indonesia, Zootaxa 3764 (1), pp. 1-25 : 10-11

Rasbora haru , new species

( Figures 2 B, 7B)

Rasbora lateristriata var. sumatrana (non Bleeker, 1854): Weber & de Beaufort 1916.

Rasbora spilotaenia (non Hubbs and Bleeker, 1954): Kottelat & Vidthayanon 1993; Ott 2009.

Holotype. MZB 17888 (ex. ZRC 51986), female, 65.4 mm SL, Indonesia, Sumatra, Province of Sumatera Utara, Kabupaten Karo, Lau Kawar (catch from local anglers), 03º11.816’N, 98º23.420’E, 1441 m asl, T. Sim et al. 12 April 2009.

Paratypes. All from Indonesia: collected with holotype: ZRC 51986, 4, 22.4–61.8 mm SL. Sumatra: BMNH 1889.11.12.81, 1, 47.1 mm SL, District of Deli; ZMA 102.394, 25, 25.8–58.6 mm SL, Deli, de Bussy; ZMA 102.403, 2, 58.4 and 76.9 mm SL, Tandjong, December 1984; ZMA 102.402, 1, 57.7, Battak hooglande by Rampong Brastagei, de Bussy; ZMA 102.404, 2, 49.9–63.4 mm SL, Serdang, Sei Poetih, V. Dedem, 10 September 1909; ZMA 119.515, 13, 31.2–74.4 mm SL, Boven Langkat, Gloegoer River, small creek with sandy clay bottom, upstream of Bohorok, J. E. A. den Doop, Aug 1917. Province of Sumatera Utara: Kabupaten Karo: Bianco and M. Kottelat: CMK 4429, 6, 49.4–56.1 mm SL, Lau Santam, about 1 km from Pernangenem (5–10 km South of Penen), 17 November 1984; CMK 4447, 1, 103.3 mm SL, Sungai Bluei above Segugi, 18 November. 1984; CMK 4461, 14, 12.8–43.8 mm SL, Rindu River at Permandin, 30 km south of Medan on the road to Kabanjahe, 19 November 1984. Kabupaten Langkat: D. Wowor: Sekundur: Sungai Besitang: MZB 4468, 7, 62.8–79.9 mm SL, Alur Sungai Tenang;, 25 October 1981; MZB 4476, 16, 25.8–74.2 mm SL, 26 October 1981; MZB 4535, 7, 58.1–87.2 mm SL, 23 October 1981. Sungai Bohorok: MZB 4494, 7, 42.7–92.5 mm SL, 6 November 1981. Kecamatan Bohorok: Desa Bukit Lawang: Bohorok River: Haryono and Saptono: MZB 11848, 43, 36.6–63.6 mm SL, 16 December 1999; MZB 11849, 21, 26.5–69.2 mm SL, 16 December 1999; USNM 408393 (ex. MZB 11849), 10 (3 CS), 40.9– 55.6 mm SL; ZRC 53198 (ex. MZB 11849), 10, 31.7–54.2 mm SL; MZB 11850, 16, 33.0– 56.9 mm SL, a sewer near the rubber plantation, 12 December 1999; MZB 11852, 22, 31.9–59.7 mm SL, a sewer near Izumi, 16 December 1999. Desa Timbang Lawan: Haryono: MZB 11851, 3, 54.3–63.6 mm SL, 15 December 1999.

Diagnosis. Rasbora haru is distinguished from congeners in having the black midlateral stripe slightly descending anteriorly along its length until abruptly ending above the 6th or 7th lateral-line scale, attenuating posteriorly, barely reaching the black triangular basicaudal blotch, overall forming a stamen-like or a wedgeshaped profile with a posterior apex slightly tapering. Rasbora haru further differs from three other species of the Sumatrana group in northern Sumatra ( Rasbora arundinata , R. maninjau , and R. bindumatoga ) in having: fewer gill rakers on the first gill arch with a mode of 10 (vs. 11–13); a distinct limit between the head and the trunk characterized by abrupt convexity along the anterior portion of the trunk; a relatively deep body with a mean of 29.7% SL (vs. 24.1–27.3%); and a relatively deep caudal peduncle with a mean of 14.9% SL (vs. 11.9–14.0%). Rasbora haru can be distinguished further from its congeners by the combination of all the following characters listed in the description section of this species.

Description. General appearance shown in Fig. 2 B. Morphometric and meristic data given in Table 1. Dorsohypural distance equal to distance from dorsal-fin origin to area between tip of snout and vertical through anterior margin of nostril. Limit between head and trunk distinguishable by abrupt convexity of anterior predorsal profile relative to slant of head profile. Cephalic tubercles observable from one specimen of male, relatively small and very few, distributed on dorsal surface of head especially on supraorbital area. Lateral line complete (all scales perforated; 23–25 + 3–5). Dorsal-fin origin situated over 11th or 12th lateral-line scale. Tip of adpressed pectoral fin extending beyond vertical through pelvic-fin insertion. Pelvic fin inserted below 10th or 11th lateral-line scale and distinctly anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Tip of adpressed pelvic fin reaching anal-fin origin. Anal-fin origin located below 17th or 18th lateral-line scale.

Coloration in alcohol. General body coloration in alcohol preservation shown in Fig. 2 B. Schematic lateral body pigmentation shown in Fig. 7 B. Lachrymal region superficially pigmented with dorsal portion more densely pigmented. Dusky gular pigmentation extending posteriorly to vertical through rictus. Fleshy opercular flap pigmented with scattered small melanophores. Background pigmentation overall dusky and reticulated. Peripheral reticulation relatively thick and very distinct and covering at maximum 4 1/2 longitudinal scale rows along dorsolateral and midlateral portions of body, and also dorsal scale row. Basal reticulation relatively thick and prominent, covering up to 5 longitudinal scale rows and also to dorsal scale row, with network of continuous parenthesis-shaped bars. Peripheral and basal reticulations not overlapping along lateral-line scales.

Black midlateral stripe prominent, more intense on central portion, and overall appearing as stamen-like profile. Stripe slightly narrowing anteriorly until abruptly ending over 6th or 7th lateral-line scale, attenuating posteriorly until appearing as thin line of melanophores and extending to form trace of scattered melanophores along caudal peduncle reaching black basicaudal blotch. Black basicaudal blotch consisting two elements: basicaudal triangular patch and deeply-embedded darker basicaudal spot. Triangular patch of black basicaudal blotch originating posterior to hypural notch and flaring posteriorly at maximum to distance equal to one-half of caudal-peduncle depth until becoming confluent with basicaudal spot. Basicaudal spot terminating anterior to last sheath scale of caudal fin. Axial streak prominent and posteriorly bordering dorsal margin of black midlateral stripe, but streak separate from stripe below area between posterior terminus and mid-portion of dorsal-fin base. Streak decreasing in intensity anteriorly until disappearing above 7th lateral-line scale. Dusky dorsolateral stripe very faint, most visible along anterior half of trunk. Longitudinal light area indistinct, most visible along anterior half of trunk ventral to axial streak. Supra-anal pigmentation distinct, appearing as thin stripe originating slightly posterior to anal-fin origin and terminating at vertical through base of last branched anal-fin ray. Subpeduncular pigmentation barely visible. Distal border of caudal fin pigmented with scattered melanophores.

Habitat and distribution. This species is known from the Bohorok River that flows into the Malacca Strait in the northeastern part of Sumatra ( Fig. 8 ).

Etymology. The specific name, haru , a noun in apposition, is derived from the name of an old kingdom in the area currently known as Deli, where the species lives.

Figures

FIGURE 2. (A) Rasbora arundinata, holotype, MZB 17881, 74.5 mm SL, female; (B) Rasbora haru, holotype, MZB 17888, 65.4 mm SL, female; (C) Rasbora maninjau, holotype, MZB 17890, 66.9 mm SL, male; (D) Rasbora bindumatoga, holotype, MZB 17889, 47.1 mm SL, female. Bars equal 1 cm.

FIGURE 7. Schematic drawing of left lateral view showing the three primary diagnostic lateral pigmentation characteristics of members of the Hosii subgroup: (A) Rasbora arundinata; (B) Rasbora haru; (C) R. bunguranensis; (D) R. notura.

FIGURE 8. Distribution of species of the Sumatrana group in northwestern Sumatra and adjacent regions: Rasbora arundinata (blue diamonds), Rasbora haru (green circles), Rasbora maninjau (yellow star), Rasbora bindumatoga (red asterisks), and R. vulgaris (magenta squares). Symbols with black outline are the localities of holotypes. One filled symbol may represent more than one locality.