Ungla favrei ( Navas , 1935)

Tauber, Catherine A., Sosa, Francisco, Albuquerque, Gilberto S. & Tauber, Maurice J., 2017, Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), ZooKeys 674, pp. 1-188 : 34-37

Ungla favrei ( Navas, 1935) Figs 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42

Chrysopa favrei Navás, 1935. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. exactas fis. nat. Madrid 32: 363-364, fig. 57; "Colombie: Vallée de Quindio, 1.500 à 2.000m. d’alt. Favre-Duchartre, 1930, janvier. Mus. de París”. Penny 1977: 17 (list); Brooks and Barnard 1990: 279 (list, as " ' Chrysopa ' incertae sedis"); Oswald 2015 (catalog). Ungla favrei ( Navás) by Legrand et al. 2008: 136 (tax); Oswald 2015 (catalog). Lectotype (Figs 35, 36). MNHN, female (examined); lectotype designated by Legrand et al. (2008: 136). The type locality is probably in the Cocora Valley (1800-2400 m, Department of Quindio) in the Central Cordillera of the Andean mountains.

Chrysopa nesotala Banks, 1944. Bol. Entomol. Venezolana 3: 16; "Rio Ognacatal, Western Cordillera, Colombia, 2.000 meters (Fassl coll.). Type M.C.Z. N° 26.210". Penny 1977: 19 (list); Oswald 2015 (catalog). Suarius nesotala (Banks), by Adams and Penny 1985: 436 (tax. disc.). Ungla nesotala (Banks), by Brooks and Barnard 1990: 279, Freitas 2007: 415 (key to adults); Oswald 2015 (catalog). syn. n. Holotype (Fig. 37). MCZ, female (examined); holotype by original designation. Banks referred to a single specimen; thus it is the holotype. We could not find a "Rio Ognacatal" in South America; we assume that the term refers to Río Aguacatal, a stream in Valle del Cauca Department, Colombia (located between El Centenario and Barrio Terrón Colorado. Rio Aguacatal is in the Western Cordillera of the Andes at an elevation of approximately 2,000 meters. Support for synonymy. The types of both species are females and discolored with age. A large series of specimens (CAS, see below) collected in Cochabamba Department, Bolivia, allowed us to associate males and females of the species and to identify diagnostic external and male genitalic characters that confirm the synonymy.

Diagnosis.

This species is distinguished from other Andean Ungla species by a brown, inverted U-shaped mark that is broken mesally, a white to cream-colored face, frons usually with brown mesal spot of variable size and darkness, antenna cream-colored, with longitudinal brown mark on the distal, upper surface of the scape that extends onto the pedicel, and wings with pale longitudinal veins and numerous brown crossveins. The male abdomen has moderately enlarged spiracles and dense setation; the gonarcal bridge has a ledge that extends forward and receives the base of the mediuncus.

Among all Ungla species, U. favrei appears most similar to U. elbergi sp. n., both externally and in some male abdominal features (e.g., the moderately enlarged spiracles (A7: ~0.15 × length of sternite). However, its male abdominal segments are taller in height and shorter in length than those of U. elbergi , and its genital structures (gonarcus, mediuncus and gonosaccus) differ in shape. It also resembles U. grandispiracula sp. n., which can be differentiated by its larger spiracles (A7: 0.25 × length of sternite), more robust gonosetae, gonarcal bridge without an enlarged mesal platform, and scape with brown dorsal mark that does not reach the pedicel.

Redescription.

Body color: brown to brownish, sometimes with yellow mesally. Head cream-colored, with vertex smooth, often shiny; inverted U-shaped marking on vertex brown to reddish brown, usually prominent, narrowing and sometimes separated mesally, not extending anteriorly to area between scapes; antennal fossa, area between eyes and posterior half of vertex unmarked; frons often with brown, small to large, triangular marking centrally; gena with broad, brown stripe extending from eye along lateral margin of gena, clypeus; tentorial pits amber-colored. Antenna pale, dorsum of scape with brown longitudinal stripe distally, extending onto dorsal surface of pedicel; maxillary palp, labial palp with basal two segments pale, distal segments dark brown.

Prothorax yellowish mesally, with broad, brown to reddish brown, longitudinal, submesal stripes almost reaching lateral margin; transverse furrow in posterior region, not reaching lateral margins; dorsal surface with thin, pale setae, sparse mesally, denser laterally. Mesothorax, metathorax brown to yellowish brown laterally, yellow mesally. Measurements: head width: 1.2-1.3 mm; ratio head width: eye width: 2.4: 1; prothorax width, 1.0 mm; length: 0.5-0.6 mm.

Forewing, hindwing narrow, rounded apically; membrane clear, hyaline, without fumose areas, with slender venation; stigma lightly opaque to clear, with four to five light to dark brown subcostal crossveins below stigma, area surrounding crossveins unmarked; longitudinal veins mostly pale, slightly darker at intersections, base of Rs, distal parts of Psc, anal veins darker; transverse veins mostly pale, with costal crossveins slightly dark near subcosta, intracubital crossveins, first gradate veins, distal veinlets slightly darker, without suffusion. First gradate vein meets Psm very near intersection of transverse vein. Forewing 11.3-13.4 mm long, 3.7-4.6 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 2.9-3.1: 1); height of tallest costal cell 0.9 mm (cell number 4-6); length of first intramedian cell 0.8-0.9 mm; 10-11 radial cells (closed cells between R and Rs); 4 Banksian cells (b cells), 4 b’ cells; 4-6 inner gradates, 5-7 outer gradates. Hindwing with venation pale, 10.1-14.3 mm long, 3.1-4.7 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 3.1-3.2: 1), 10-11 radial cells, 3 Banksian (b) cells, 4 b’ cells, 4-5 inner gradates, 5-6 outer gradates.

Male. Abdomen with long and short setae, especially dense posteriorly, on A7-A9; spiracles moderately enlarged (e.g., A7: spiracle diameter ~0.15x length of sternite). T9+ectoproct rounded, sloping ventrally (lateral view), with dorsal invagination rounded, shallow (extending approximately one half distance to anterior margin of T9), posteroventral knob well defined, heavily sclerotized, bending mesally; ventral margin lightly sclerotized beyond callus cerci; callus cerci large, ovate, circumference lightly sclerotized; subrectal plate bearing field of ~15 short setae. S8+9 fused, with line of fusion not demarcated; dorsal margin sclerotized, especially basal 2/3rds; terminus rounded, extending distally only slightly beyond the tip of T9+ect; terminal setae dense, enlarged, mostly simple, except for series of ~10-16 flanged setae on both sides of upper margin. Gonarcus (frontal view) broad, rounded throughout, flat; dorsal mar gin extending forward toward base of mediuncus, as short, ledge-like protuberance; lateral margins of the gonarcal apodemes with short, rounded lateral process extending forward. Mediuncus broad, thick basally (at attachment to the gonarcal bridge), becoming narrow distally, length ~1.8 × height of gonarcus (measured in lateral view), distal portion arching downward from base, terminus with slightly enlarged knob. Gonosaccus large, robust, with two large pouches each bearing large field of robust, elongate, slightly curved gonosetae arising from large sockets (bases). Hypandrium internum narrow, U-shaped, with irregularly shaped comes.

Variation.

Among the specimens we examined, there was considerable variation in the size and degree of separation of the dorsal head markings, in the presence or absence and size of a frontal marking, and the darkness and amount of brown coloration on the wing veins.

Known distribution.

BOLIVIA (central): Department of Cochabamba. COLOMBIA (west to central): Departments of Cundinamarca, Quindio, Valle del Cauca.

Specimens examined

(in addition to types above). Bolivia. Cochabamba: Corrosco Siberia, 1650 m, XII/1962 - I/1963, purchase F. Walz (7M, 14F, CAS), I/1964, F. Walz (1F, CAS), X/1983 (1M, SDMC), 1850 m, X/1963, F. Walz (1M, 5F, CAS). Colombia. Cundinamarca: Monterredondo, 1420 m, XII/1958 (1F, CAS), II/1959 (1F, CAS).