Cordyla reducta, Kurina, Olavi & Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira, 2015

Kurina, Olavi & Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira, 2015, A new case of an Holarctic element in the Colombian Andes: first record of Cordyla Meigen (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from the Neotropical region, ZooKeys 520, pp. 87-108 : 98-102

Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Mycetophilidae

Cordyla reducta sp. n. Figs 24-25, 26, 27-31, 32-33, 34-37, 38

Type material.

Holotype. ♂, COLOMBIA, Risaralda SFF / Otún Quimbaya Robledal / 04°44'N 75°35'W 1980 m /Malaise 04-20.iii.2003 / G. López Leg. M. 3686 [IAvH]. Paratypes. 1♂ 2♀♀, same as holotype [IAvH]; 1♂, Boyacá / SFF Iguaque El Níspero / 05°38'N 73°31'W 2730 m / Malaise 2 07-21.xii.2001 / P. Reina Leg. M. 2585 [IAvH]; 4♂♂ 2♀♀, Valle del Cauca / PNN Farallones de Cali / Cgto. La Meseta / 03°34'N 76°40'W 1960 m / Malaise 09-26.x.2003 / S. Sarria & M. Losso Leg. M. 4548 [IZBE]; 1♂, Valle del Cauca / PNN Farallones de Cali / Cgto. La Meseta / 03°34'N 76°40'W 1960 m / Malaise 27.viii-10.ix.2003 / S. Sarria & M. Losso Leg. M. 4549 [IAvH]; 1♂ 2♀♀, Valle de Cauca / PNN Farallones de Cali Cgto. / La Meseta 03°34'N 76°40'W 2200 m / Malaise 26.xi-10.xii.2003 / S. Sarria & M. Losso Leg. M. 4562 [MZUSP]; 2♂♂, COLOMBIA, Risaralda SFF / Otún Quimbaya Robledal / 04°44'N 75°35'W 1980 m Malaise 20.iii-04.iv.2003 / G. López Leg. M. 3682 [MZUSP]; 1♀, Risaralda SFF / Otún Quimbaya Urapanera / 04°44'N 75°35'W 1960 m Malaise 20. iii– 04.iv.2003 / G. López Leg. M. 3688 [IAvH]; 1♂ 3♀♀, Risaralda SFF / Otún Quimbaya Robledal / 04°44'N 75°35'W 1980 m Malaise 18.ii-04.iii.2003 / G. López Leg. M. 3699 [IAvH]; 1♀, Risaralda SFF / Otún Quimbaya Robledal / 04°44'N 75°35'W 1980 m Malaise 04-19.iv.2003 / G. López Leg. M. 3710 [IAvH]; 5♂♂ 3♀♀ COLOMBIA, Risaralda SFF / Otún Quimbaya Robledal / 04°44'N 75°35'W 1980 m Malaise 11-27.x.2003 / G. López Leg. M. 4182 [3♂♂ 2♀♀ MZUSP, 2♂♂ 1♀ IZBE].

Description.

Male (Fig. 24). Total length 2.5-3.2, 2.9 [3.2] mm (n=10).

Head (Fig. 25) dark yellow, mouthparts somewhat paler. Two ocelli encircled by brown areas, close to compound eyes. All three visible palpal segments (Fig. 25) setose, swollen antepenultimate segment dark yellow, succeeding segments pale. 4th segment slightly widening apically, 5th segment apically tapering. Swollen palpal segment 2.3-2.6, 2.4 [2.5] times as long as broad medially from lateral view, and 1.1-1.3, 1.2 [1.1] times as long as height of compound eye. Ratios of three apical palpomeres 1.0: 0.7: 1.0-1.1, 1.0 [1.1]. Antenna yellow with 2+12 segments. Scape and pedicel with brown setae, flagellum with somewhat paler setosity. Scape elongate cup-shaped, 1.8-2.2, 2.0 [1.9] times as long as wide apically. Pedicel cup-shaped, 0.7-0.9, 0.8 [0.9] times as long as wide apically. Flagellomeres rectangular, about twice as wide as long. Apical flagellomere conical, about 1.7 times as long as wide basally. Thorax yellow, mesonotum medially somewhat darker. Hind margin of laterotergite narrowly brown. Anterior part of mesepimeron with a brown patch. Haltere with knob apically pale and basally brownish, and pale stem. All setosity on thorax brown. Scutum entirely covered with decumbent setae, scutellum with setae including two pairs of marginal bristles, laterals considerably shorter than internals. Antepronotum with setae including 2-3 [3] bristles, proepisternum with setae including 3-5 [5] bristles. Anepisternum with 3-4 [4] bristles at hind margin and with ca. 45 setae on its upper two thirds. Mesepimeron and katepisternum bare. Laterotergite with 2 bristles and ca. 15 setae on upper half. Mediotergite bare. Metepisternum with 2-4 [4] bristles and ca. 10 setae. Wing with yellowish tinge, otherwise clear. Length 2.0-2.3, 2.2 [2.3] mm (n=10). Ratio of length to width 2.6-2.9, 2.7 [2.9]. All veins light brown. Radial veins seem darker because of setae on both surfaces; other veins bare, except about 5 setae on dorsal surface of M4. Crossvein r-m apically disjunct. M1+2 3-4 times as long as r-m. R5 slightly sinusoid. M2 not reaching wing margin, broken 0.7-1.0, 0.8 [0.9] times of M1+2 length before it. Posterior fork begins clearly beyond anterior fork. Legs yellow, hind femora slightly infuscated at apical fifth. Tarsi seem darker because of dense brown setae. Hind coxa with 2-4 [4] posterolateral bristles basally, with one posterior bristle apically, and with ca. 25 weaker setae along posterolateral margin. Ratio of femur to tibia for fore-, mid- and hind legs: 1.3-1.6, 1.4 [1.4]; 0.8-1.0, 0.9 [1.0]; 1.0, 1.0 [1.0]. Ratio tibia to first tarsomere for fore-, mid- and hind legs: 1.0-1.1, 1.0 [1.0]; 1.1-1.3, 1.2 [1.2]; 1.4, 1.4 [1.4]. Fore-tibia with a spur about 0.5-0.6, 0.5 [0.6] of fore basitarsus; mid-tibia with anterior spur about 0.3 and with posterior spur about 0.6-0.7, 0.7 [0.6] of mid basitarsus; hind tibia with anterior spur about 0.6 and with posterior spur about 0.6-0.7, 0.7 [0.6] of hind basitarsus. Abdomen with first 3 segments dorsally brownish, laterally yellow and ventrally pale yellow; succeeding segments brown, only slightly lighter laterally and ventrally. Terminalia (Figs 27-33) with gonocoxite and cerci yellow; gonostylus brownish; sternite 8 seems brownish because of dense setosity. Sternite 8 oblong with truncated apex, basal third membranous and bare, setae on apical quarter somewhat stronger than rest of them. Gonocoxite subquadrate, with broad ventral incision about half of gonocoxite height. Ventral incision of gonocoxite with apically rounded basal hump about one third height of incision. Ventral medial margin of gonocoxite angular with apically pointed membranous formations dorsad from the ventral surface of gonocoxite. Dorsal medial margin of gonocoxite bulging. Cerci setose, setae on medial margin stronger, deviating from other setosity; clearly separated, prolonged, subapically somewhat constricted, not protruding over gonocoxite. Basal half of gonocoxite bare, apical half with strong bristles. Dorsal branch of gonostylus oblong, basally wider, apically slightly tapering, with a sclerotized comb of about one fifth branch height on its ventral surface. Setosity on basal two thirds more dense, leaving subapical area almost bare; apical setae slightly stronger than other setosity of the branch. Ventral branch of gonostylus bare, basally bulbous and apically rounded, slightly curved, longer than dorsal branch, with serrated lateral margin. Medial branch of gonostylus hump-backed, not divided into lobes but medially extended, and with 5-6 strong setae at medial margin ventrobasally. Epiproct abruptly narrowing subapically, with pointed apex, covered with small setulae. Hypoproct indiscernible.

Female. Total length 2.5-3.4, 2.9 mm. Wing length 1.7-2.5, 2.1 mm. Ratio of length to width 2.4-2.7, 2.6. Antennae 2+9 segments. In setosity and coloration similar to male, except for entirely pale second abdominal segment. Both M1 and M2 not reaching wing margin, M4 extremely faint at its distal part (Fig. 26). Terminalia (Figs 34-37) light brown. Cercus two-segmented: apical segment small, with a few long setae deviating from other setosity, obliquely connected with basal segment; basal segment long ovate, sinusoidal and wider than apical segment, ventroapical corner drawn out to a setose small lobe. Gonapophysis VIII membranous, visible in ventral view, apically rounded. Tergite VIII rectangular, subequal to length of basal segment of cercus, apically angular, basally and apically emarginated in dorsal view. Sternite VIII tapering lateroapically, with deep medial cleft in ventral view. Tergite VII about twice as long as tergite VIII, apically widening and with apical incision in dorsal view. Sternite VII apically conical, subequal to length of tergite VII. Tergite VI apically emarginated in dorsal view.

Biology.

Unknown.

Etymology.

The specific name refers to the distally extremely reduced medial veins of the female wing: from Latin reducta meaning “distant”. An adjective.

Comments.

By the structure of male terminalia, Cordyla reducta sp. n. belongs to the Cordyla fusca species-group (cf. Kurina 2001). In its 12-segmented flagellum and yellow to light brown swollen antepenultimate segment of palpus, the new species is similar to the Palaearctic Cordyla flaviceps (Staeger, 1840) and Oriental Cordyla borneoensis Kurina, 2005. The male terminalia of Cordyla reducta sp. n. are remarkably different from these two species but otherwise resemble the Palaearctic Cordyla fasciata Meigen, 1818 in having a similar outline to the ventral and dorsal branches of the gonostylus. However, the medial branch of the gonostylus is hump-backed and medially extended in Cordyla reducta sp. n., while it has two small medial lobes in Cordyla fasciata (cf. Zaitzev 2003: fig. 21-27). All studied female specimens have both medial veins of the wing distally extraordinary reduced (Fig. 26), unique among the species worldwide.