Xyela ussuriensis Rasnitsyn, 1965

Blank, Stephan M., Shinohara, Akihiko & Altenhofer, Ewald, 2013, <strong> The Eurasian species of <em> Xyela </ em> (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae): taxonomy, host plants and distribution </ strong>, Zootaxa 3629 (1), pp. 1-106 : 28-29

Xyela ussuriensis Rasnitsyn, 1965

Xyela (Xyela) ussuriensis Rasnitsyn, 1965: 491 , 495–497, 503, 512–513, 516–518, ♂, type locality: Russia, Primorskiy Kray, Sikhote-Alin Mountains, basin of river Takema .

Xyela suwonae Ryu & Lee, 1992: 1–4 , ♀, type locality: South Korea, Kyonggido , Suwon, syn. nov.

Description. Female. Color. Head yellow with black pattern: two black stripes along supraantennal furrows 2–3 times as wide as ocellar diameter, meeting black ocellar and postocellar area, black longitudinal spot in middle of frons always present, usually separated from other black pattern by yellow gap, kidney-shaped spots on vertex usually separate from black postocellar area ( Fig. 38 ). Antennae black, a little paler below. Thorax dorsally brown with more or less distinct paler pattern on pronotum, mesonotal lobes and mesoscutellum, tegulae pale, sometimes brown in middle, mesepisternum largely pale brown. Abdominal terga dark brown, lateral parts of terga 8 and 9+10 sometimes paler, valvifer 2 completely pale brown, membrane between valvifer 2 and valvula 3 white, valvula 3 black with small white ventral margin up to distal fifth ( Fig. 102 ). Legs pale brown, posterior coxae dark brown with distal 0.3–0.5 of ventral side pale, femora seldom with indistinct brown longitudinal stripes. Wing membrane clear, venation and pterostigma pale brown.

Morphology. Fore wing 3.8–4.6 mm long, 1.90–2.05 times longer than ovipositor sheath, vein Rs+M 0–160 µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 700–910 µm long, antennomere 4 200–250 µm long and 6.0–9.0 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp 460–540 µm long, 1.40–1.65 times longer than scape and distinctly wider than synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = 1.77–2.20(–2.45): 1. Ovipositor sheath 1.90–2.25 mm long, valvula 3 1.90–2.05(–2.15) times longer than valvifer 2 and 6.5–8.0 times longer than wide at base ( Fig. 102 ). Valvula 3 of ovipositor sheath wedge-shaped, in distal third diamond-shaped in cross section, pale membranous area distally extending up to preapical region as small ventral pale margin of valvula 3, valvula 3 distally narrowing to round tip, distally with sensilla field present and directed laterad, bearing 6–7 sensilla. Ovipositor indistinctly bent downwards. Valvula 1 of ovipositor compressed and slightly wedge-shaped, distal 0.05 narrowed to sclerotized tip bearing 5–6 serrulae and 7 annuli (4 of them more or less perpendicular), ventral edge sloping up to tip, aulax terminating distally, olistether with 5–7 setae in distal half. Valvula 2 pale and evenly sclerotized, distal 0.05 tapering to sclerotized tip, in distal half with small sclerotization surrounding groups of 1–5(–8) sensilla campaniformia, dorsal margin of valvula 2 smooth with small prominences above sensilla groups, distally with 4 dorsal teeth. Posterior tibia 0.85–1.10 mm long, all claws with delicate subapical tooth.

Male. Color. Similar to female (see Fig. 39 for color pattern of head). Antennae usually pale brown. Hypopygium pale brown.

Morphology. Fore wing 3.5–4.2 mm long, Rs+M 0–120 µm long or 1r-m present and 0–50µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 700–890 µm long, antennomere 4 210–280 µm long and 6.5–9.0 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp 430–500 µm long, 1.35–1.55 times longer than scape and distinctly wider than synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = 1.60–2.00(–2.40): 1. Longitudinal apodeme of basiparamere curved, basal portion in lateral position, harpe about as long as wide in lateral view. Valviceps 1.55–1.95 times longer than wide on medial lobe, lateral lamella vertical with proximal and distal edge sshaped, proximal lobe of penis valve 0.17–0.22 times as long as valviceps and 1.00–1.05 times as high as medial lobe, excision on lower edge (0.12–)0.15–0.19 as deep as width of medial lobe, valviceps on medial lobe 1.30–1.40 times wider than on distal lobe, 2 distal flagella present, tip of longer flagellum reaching 0.70–0.90 width of distal lobe ( Fig. 134 ). Valviceps with median longitudinal sclerotization absent (seldom with an indistinct shadow), medial lobe broad and slightly truncate on upper edge, with dense group of (15–)20–25 cone-like sensilla along upper edge, upper edge between medial and distal lobe with dense pattern of setae. Posterior tibia 0.85–1.05 mm long, all claws with delicate subapical tooth.

Type material. Xyela ussuriensis . Holotype ♀: “ Sikhote-Alin, bas r. [basseyn reka; = basin of river] Takema , K. Grunin 6.VI.1937 ”; [red:] “Holotypus ♀ Xyela ussuriensis A. Rasnitsyn”. Left antenna and right antennal flagellum missing, right anterior wing glued to piece of cardboard, ovipositor mounted on slide kept on pin of holotype. ZMUM . Paratypes: 1♀ 2♂, ZMUM .

Xyela suwonae . Holotype ♀: “[in Korean letters: Kyonggido, Suwon] Korea 1987.IV.29 Coll. R.S.M. [= S. M. Ryu] Yeungnam Univ. Biology ”; “SYM–0004”; [red:] “Holotype Xyela suwonae Ryu et Lee 1992 ”. In good condition. YUIC . Paratypes: 2♀ with identical collection data (1♀ studied), YUIC .

Host plant. Ο Pinus koraiensis Sieb. & Zucc. (see Rasnitsyn 1965).

Geographic distribution. Russia, South Korea ( Fig. 10 ).

Remarks. For species differentiation and association of the sexes see Xyela kamtshatica .

Several features mentioned in Ryu & Lee’s (1992) original description of X. suwonae match with the overwhelming majority of known Xyela species (e.g., the color pattern of head and thorax) or even most sawflies (presence of a furrow between antennal sockets and clypeus). The ovipositor sheaths of the two studied type specimens are distorted (see Ryu & Lee 1992, fig. 7), but the outline of valvula 3 is evidently wedge-shaped. The ovipositor itself is evenly tapering toward its tip (see Ryu & Lee 1992, fig. 8). Both features are characteristic for species of the X. alpigena group. Valvula 3 is 1.90 times longer than valvifer 2, the fore wing is 2.00 times longer than the ovipositor sheath. These data agree well with X. ussuriensis .

Several times imagines have been swept from the supposed larval host plant Pinus koraiensis . The type specimens of X. ussuriensis were collected in a pure population of this pine ( Rasnitsyn 1965, personal communication and present data; see also X. koraiensis ).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Records of Xyela koraiensis (31 specimens from 5 collection sites) and X. ussuriensis (39 specimens from 10 collection sites), and natural distribution of the supposed host plant, Pinus koraiensis (solid line, according to Mirov 1967).

FIGURES 24–41. Color pattern of head of Xyela species: X. longula group, X. lugdunensis group, X. alpigena group, X. meridionalis group. Legend: HT—holotype; LT—lectotype; PT—paratype. Legend for Fig. 25: kss—kidney-shaped spot; mfs—medial frontal spot; sff—stripe along frontal furrow.

FIGURES 95–104. Ovipositor sheaths of Xyela species. All figures at same scale. Legend: HT—holotype; PT—paratype.

FIGURES 126–135. Penis valves of Xyela species: X. longula groups, X. lugdunensis group, X. alpigena group, X. meridionalis group. 127, tentatively identified male of from Tence (France: Auvergne, MNHN), see text. 128, paratype of X. nigroabscondita.