Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza & Doadrio, Ignacio, 2020, Fig. 4 in Fig. 4 in Fig. 3 in Fig. 21. Sesarmops mora n in Paralbunea dayriti, Zoological Studies 59 (21), pp. 1-303 : 61-62

Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) – Non-native ( Fig. 103 )

Cyprinus auratus Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 322; Type locality: China; Japanese rivers. No types known.

Cyprinus auratus kinyu Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 25; Type locality: No locality stated. No types known.

Cyprinus quadrilobatus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 494, 554; Type locality: Based on Chinese paintings.

Cyprinus mauritianus Bennett [E. T.] 1832: 167; Type locality: Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. No types known.

Cyprinus gibelioides Cantor [T. E.] 1842: 485; Type locality: Chusan Island, China. No types known.

Cyprinus thoracatus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842: 97; Type locality: Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–0849 (2), 0000–1043 (4), 0000–3376 (1), 0000–3377 to 3378 (3).

Cyprinus abbreviatus Richardson [J.] 1846: 292; Type locality: Canton, China. No types known.

Carassius burgeri Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846: 194; Type locality: Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 2392. Paralectotypes: (12) RMNH 2389 (4), 2390 (1), 2391 (2), 36375 (2).

Carassius grandoculis Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846: 195; Type locality: Japan. Holotype (unique): RMNH 2393 .

Leuciscus auratus Mauduyt [F.] 1849: 32.

Cyprinus chinensis Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854: 181; Type locality: Chinese rivers. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.149–152 (4, skins).

Carassius coeruleus Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 229; Type locality: Northern China. No types at ZIN.

Carassius discolor Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 229; Type locality: Northern China. No types at ZIN.

Carassius pekinensis Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 229; Type locality: Beijing, China. No types at ZIN.

Cyprinus maillardi Guichenot [A.] 1863: C-14; Type locality: Réunion, western Mascarenes , southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000–1319 (poor condition).

Neocarassius ventricosus Castelnau [F. L.] 1872: 237; Type locality: Saltwater River, Footscray, Victoria, Australia. Syntypes: (2).

Carassius aponicus Mulertt [H.] 1883: 14; Type locality: Aquarium specimens, domesticated fish ( Japan). No types known.

Carassius orientalis Mulertt [H.] 1883: 20; Type locality: Aquarium specimens, domesticated form ( China). No types known.

Carassius auratus macrophthalmos Dürigen [B.] 1886: 27; Type locality: Aquarium specimens, domesticated form ( China). No types known.

Carassius auratus ater Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus coeruleus Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus discolor Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus elegans Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus gyrantes Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus italianus Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus magnificus Bade [E.] 1894: 12; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus ploetzia Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus quadricolor Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus ruber Bade [E.] 1894: 12; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus longicaudatus Dürigen [B.] 1897: 199; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium form. No types known.

Carassius auratus ovatus Dürigen [B.] 1897: 224; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus var. oviformis Zernecke [E.] 1897: 144; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus var. simplex Zernecke [E.] 1897: 140; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known.

Carassius auratus var. uranoscopus Zernecke [E.] 1897: 143; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium form. No types known.

Carassius auratus uranoscopus Dürigen [B.] 1897: 224; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium form. No types known.

Carassius auratus var. americanus Wolf [H. T.] 1908: 39 [ref. 34771]; Type locality: Domesticated goldfish. No types known.

Carassius auratus var. europensis Wolf [H. T.] 1908: 39; Type locality: Domesticated goldfish. No types known.

Cyprinus coeruleus Brind [W. L.] 1914: 25; Type locality: Japan. No types known.

Carassius auratus var. cantonensis Tchang [T.-L.] 1933: 27; Type locality: Canton , China. Holotype (unique): ZMFMIB (now ASIZB) 9236.

Carassius auratus var. wui Tchang [T.-L.] 1930: 65; Type locality: Chekiang , China. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1934–0014 .

Carassius auratus argenteaphthalmus Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngo 2001: 570; Type locality: Diên Biên Phu, Lai Châu, Vietnam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H.01.105.02.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H.01.105.02.02 (5).

Common name: Pr: Oshin, Karas, Kaporche, Mahi Talayi, En: Goldfish.

Diagnosis: Golden-brown or bronze color, last simple anal and dorsal rays strongly serrated, 38–47 gill rakers, 26–31 lateral line scales, free edge of dorsal concave or straight, usually 5 branched anal rays and black peritoneum.

Meristic characters: D: III–IV 16–20, A: II–IV (III) 5–6 (5), P: 11–17, V: 7–8 (8), GR: 31–36, LL: 28–30, TV: 32.

Distribution: Introduced widely; found in all basins of Iran.

Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Carassius .

Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, Huckstorf and Freyhof 2013), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.

Figures

Fig. 103. Carassius auratus. Photograph from Zayandehrud River, Esfahan basin. (Caudal fin damaged by Oncorhynchus mykiss).