Lophoturus sturmi, Duy-Jacquemin, 2002

Duy-Jacquemin, Monique Nguyen, 2002, New species and distribution of the genera Lophoturus and Ancistroxenus (Myriapoda, Diplopoda, Penicillata) in the Caribbean and northern South America, Zoosystema 24 (2), pp. 451-470 : 457-461

Lophoturus sturmi n. sp.

( Fig. 3 )

TYPE MATERIAL. — Colombia. Near Bogotá, Párámo de Monserrate , forest, litter and moss, 3060-3200 m, 11.XI.1968, H. Sturm leg., ad. holotype ( ZMUC). — Bogotá, above Calle 82, mountain forest, litter, 2750 m, 26.VII.1968, H. Sturm leg., 1 and 1 paratypes ; 1 ad. without antenna and 1 larva 8 p. l. not described, paratypes.

ETYMOLOGY. — This species is dedicated to the collector, Prof. Helmut Sturm (University of Hildesheim, Germany).

DESCRIPTION

Measurements

Body length (without caudal pencil) 3.50 mm (holotype); 2.30 and 3 mm (male and female paratypes). Tarsus II length of 13 th leg 180 µm (holotype); 170 µm (male).

Head

Anophthalmic.

Vertex with one pair of posterior tufts consisting of two rows: anterior row of 15 trichomes (10 and 11 in male), posterior row with three to five trichomes; the distance between each tuft is greater than their length.

The proportions of the antennal articles are represented in Fig. 3G ; length of VIth article about twice the diameter. Antennal article VI with three dorsal basiconica sensilla: the anterior a is the thinnest and most apical, the intermediate thick basiconica i is the most proximal and the longest ( Fig. 3H ); one sensillum coeloconicum c is near the posterior sensillum p, but more apical. Antennal article VII with two dorsal sensilla basiconica: anteri- or one thinner and shorter than posterior; one sensillum coeloconicum posterior c ( Fig. 3I ). Holotype with no sensillum coeloconicum on the left article VI; two sensilla coeloconica on the left article VII but only one thicker sensillum basiconicum (anomaly caused by the regeneration of antenna). Cylindrical funiculus of the anterior trichobothrium with its apex bulbing.

Labrum clothed with about 50 cuticular setae on the posterior part of each half area ( Fig. 3E ). No lamellar finger on anterior margin, only an undulate line alongside. Clypeo-labrum with 10 setae along the posterior margin. Palpi of gnathochilarium with 19 sensilla in females, 34 and 35 sensilla in male.

Trunk

The trichomes of each tergite are grouped into two, separate, oval clusters with an additional posterior row, except on collum, subdivided in its middle ( Fig. 3F ); distance between clusters much greater than length of each. In the holotype, collum with tufts of 67 and 70 trichomes; lateral left protuberance of collum with seven trichomes; each oval cluster of tergites II to X with 40 to 50 (except 58 on tergite X) trichomes and posterior row with 29 to 37. In male, tufts of collum with 48 and 52 trichomes, ovale clusters of tergites II to IX with 32 to 40 trichomes, posterior row with 29 to 42.

Legs

Coxae, trochanters, prefemora and femora bearing pubescent oval setae ( Fig. 3B ); in holotype, coxae I to XII bearing two to four setae (five on right coxa VII) ; trochanters, prefemora, femora with one seta (two on right femur VI). Tibiae I and II with a small seta ( Fig. 3C, D ) only in holotype. Spine of tarsus II longer than telotarsus: length of spine to claw ratio about 1.25 ( Fig. 3A ). Telotarsus with two subequal anterior and posterior dorsal denticles ; claw without ventral denticle.

Male: All areas of penis with cuticular setae.

Telson

Ten to 13 trichomes a, of which six to eight placed on internal side and three (holotype) to five on external side of the group of trichomes bc1-c3. Trichomes of caudal pencil with one or three (rarely two, five or six) hooks.

AFFINITIES

The antennae of L. sturmi n. sp. are similar to those of L. drifti whereas the labrum is similar (apart from some additional cuticular setae) to that of L. adisi Ishii, Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin & Condé, 1999 .

Lophoturus longisetis ( Pocock, 1894) ( Fig. 4 A-P)

Polyxenus longisetis Pocock, 1894: 474 , 475, pl. 37, fig. 1.

Lophoturus longisetis – Condé & Terver 1979: 137- 143, figs 1-4.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Trinidad. Mt St Benedict, under stones, 5. VII.1999, M. Judson leg., 1 ad., 1 12 p. l.

Guadeloupe. Basse Terre , Parc national, at the second fall of the Carbet, 14. VI.1978, Mauriès leg., 1 ad. ; Vernou , trace Merwart around 400 m, 11.IV.1979, Mauriès leg., 2 ad. ; “ Moscou ”, litter, 24.IV.1999, Rollard & Maréchal legs, 1 ad. ; trace des crêtes, 16°09’250”N, 61°43’818”W, litter, 26.XI.2000, Cornic & Maréchal legs, 1 ad.; forêt de Féfé , litter, 28.XI.2000, Cornic & Maréchal legs, 1 ad., 1 12 p. l .; Trace Victor Hugues , 16°07’471”N, 61°07’471”W, litter, 2.XII.2000, Cornic & Maréchal legs, 1 12 p. l., 1 10 p. l .; La Madeleine , high attitude forest, litter, 4.XII.2000, Cornic & Maréchal legs, 1 ad. ; Crête Corossol , litter, 6.XII.2000, Cornic & Maréchal legs, 1 ad., 1 12 p. l .; massif Grosse Montagne , litter, 26. VI.2001, Rollard & Maréchal legs, 2 ad. ; Route Traversée , camp Piolet, litter, 23. VI.2001, Rollard & Maréchal legs, 2 ad. and 2 12 p. l. (not described) ; 1 12 p. l.; 1 ind. 8 p. l.; peak (995 m) between 3 crêtes and Merwart , litter, 27. VI.2001, Rollard & Maréchal legs, 1 10 p. l .; îlet Pigeon , small hill, litter, 22. VI.2001, 1 ind. 8 p. l .; 23. VI.2001, Rollard & Maréchal legs 2 ad. — Grande terre, îlet du Gosier, 12. VII.1976, Balazuc leg., 1 ad. ; îlet Fajou , dry coastal forest, litter, 30. VI.2001, Rollard & Maréchal legs, 1 ad. .

Les Saintes. 27.III.1979, Mauriès leg., 1 12 p. l.

Martinique. Anse Figuiers , inside downling coconut trunk, 24.II.1981, Mauriès leg., 2 ad., 2 ad., 1 12 p. l .; State forest , Le Diamant, 1981?, 1 ad.

DESCRIPTION

Adult female from Trinidad

Measurements. Body length (without caudal pencil) 2.60 mm. Tarsus II length of 13 th leg 172 µm.

Head. Anophthalmic.

Posterior vertex with one pair of tufts arranged in two rows, anterior row consisting of 18 and 19 trichomes and posterior row of five and seven. Length of each row is twice more as great as distance between them.

Antennae elongated ( Fig. 4A ); length of VIth article two and a half to three times the diameter; right article VI with two sensilla basiconica, the anterior a is slightly longer and thicker than the posterior i; one sensillum coeloconicum c near the posterior sensillum, but more apical ( Fig. 4C ). Right article VII with two sensilla basiconica, the anterior a is thinner than the posteri- or p; posterior sensillum coeloconicum c is present ( Fig. 4B ). Left antenna is regenerated, with seven articles; the homologue of article VI ( Fig. 4D, F ) has only one sensillum basiconicum corresponding to a or i and one rudimentary sensillum with the small associated cone at its base, as described in the original diagnose ( Condé & Terver 1979: 139, fig. 2C); the two left sensilla basiconica of the homologous article VII are identical with the right, there are three sensilla coeloconica ( Fig. 4E ).

Cylindrical funiculus of the anterior trichobothrium with its apex slightly bulbing. Anteromedian margin of labrum with 3 + 3 lamellar fingers; one row of cuticular setae on the posteri- or edge of labrum; about 30 small cuticular setae elsewhere ( Fig. 4J ). Clypeo-labrum with 11 setae. Palpi of gnathochilarium with 17 left and 18 right ( Fig. 4K ) sensilla.

Trunk. On each tergite the trichomes are grouped into two separate oval areas; tufts of collum with 77 and 79 trichomes, lateral protuberance of tergite I with nine and 10 trichomes in a row. Clusters of tergites II to VIII with 40 to 53 trichomes and tergites IX and X with about 30. The posterior row with a short median interruption, containing 40 to 46 trichomes on tergites II to IX.

Legs. Coxae I to XIII bearing four to eight setae (except right coxa XIII: three), trochanters with two to three setae (one in three cases), prefemora generally with three setae (once one and four; six times two); femora with one to two setae (once three), only tibiae I to IV with one small seta ( Fig. 4N ). The setae, except for those of tibia, have an ovoid base covered with setules and extended by an acute process ( Fig. 4L, M ). Telotarsus with two, dorsal, subequal anterior and posterior denticles. Claw without ventral denticle ( Fig. 4O ).

Telson . Six trichomes a of which four placed on internal side and two on external side of the group of trichomes b-c1-c3. Trichomes of caudal pencil with two (rarely three) hooks.

Female with 12 pairs of legs from Trinidad Measurements. Body length (without caudal pencil) 2.80 mm. Tarsus II length of 12 th leg 161 µm. Posterior part of vertex with one pair of tufts arranged in an anterior row, consisting of 15 and 17 trichomes, and a posterior row of four. Labrum with four to five rows of cuticular setae, anteromedian margin with 3 + 3 lamellar fingers, the two externals shorter than the four medians. Palpi of gnathochilarium with 18 sensilla. Antennal characters identical with those of the adult female. Each article VI with two sensilla basiconica, the anterior a being larger and thicker than the posterior p; one sensillum coeloconicum c ( Fig. 4G ).

REMARKS ABOUT THE SPECIMENS FROM TRINIDAD The adult female corresponds to the redescription of Lophoturus longisetis ( Pocock, 1894) given by Condé & Terver (1979); its labrum is ornamented with a few cuticular setae and is similar to the adult male from Saint-Barthelemy Island ( Condé & Terver 1979: 143), but it differs from this male in having the claws without ventral denticle, as in the syntypes described in 1979. On the other hand, these two females have lost the rudimentary sensillum of antennal article VI, except on the regenerated left antenna where one sensillum basiconicum is absent. Perhaps there is an evolution towards a reduction of the number of sensilla within this population from Trinidad.

Specimens from Guadeloupe

Coloration. The specimens, after a short time in alcohol, have the body white, with black or pale brown trichomes.

Measurements. Body length (without caudal pencil), adults: 2.30 to 3.10 mm (seven males) and 3.25 and 3.80 mm (three females); three males 12 p. l.: 2.60 to 2.80 mm; two males 10 p. l.: 1.70 mm and 2.40 mm.

Tarsus II length of 13 th leg, adults: 146 to 214 µm (males), 196 and 230 µm (females).

Tarsus II length of 12 th leg in males 12 p. l.: 129 and 148 µm. Second tarsal length of 10 th leg in males 10 p. l.: 122 and 131 µm.

Antennal sensilla of article VI are the same as those of the type species, with two sensilla basiconica a and i and one very short sensillum basiconicum ; the size of small sensillum p varies slightly according to the individuals ( Fig. 4H, I ). One exception: the two males from massif Grosse Montagne , to which the small sensillum p is very regressed as in males from Saint-Barthelemy and Saint-Eustatius (see Condé & Terver 1979: 139, fig. 2C) .

Labrum covered by cuticular spines; anteromedi- an margin with 2 + 2 lamellar fingers, occasionally 2 + 3 (one adult male and one adult female) or 2 + 1 (two adult males).

Palpi of gnathochilarium with 34 to 47 sensilla in adult males, 29 to 37 in two males 12 p. l., 23 and 25 in male 10 p. l., 18 in adult females.

Claw of telotarsus with ventral denticule in females from îlet Pigeon and in males from îlet du Gosier and îlet Fajou.

Specimens from Martinique

Measurements. Body length (without caudal pencil), adults: 2.50 to 3.10 mm; male 12 p. l.: 2.70 mm.

Tarsus II length of 13 th leg, adults: 187 µm (males), 190 and 195 µm (females).

Tarsus II length of 12 th leg in males 12 p. l.: 178 µm.

Antennal sensilla of article VI are the same as those of the type species.

Anteromedian margin with 2 + 2 lamellar fingers (two adult males, one adult female and male 12 p. l.) and 2 + 1 (one female and one male). Sometimes the lateral fingers are smaller than the median ones. Palpi of gnathochilarium with 48 sensilla each in one adult male, 37 and 40 in the male 12 p. l.

Figures

FIG. 3. — Lophoturus sturmi n. sp.; A-F, holotype; A, distal part of tarsus II and telotarsus of left leg II; B, coxal seta of right leg II; C, D, tibial setae of right legs I and II; E, labrum; F, insertions of trichomes on left part of tergite II; G-I, paratype; G, left antenna; H, I, detail of sensilla on articles VI and VII of antenna G. Abbreviations: a, anterior sensillum basiconicum; c, sensillum coeloconicum; i, p, intermediate and posterior sensilla basiconica. Scale bars: A-E, H, I, 25 µm; F, G, 50 µm.

FIG. 4. — A-P, Lophoturus longisetis (Pocock, 1894); A-F, adult from Trinidad; A, right antenna; B, C, detail of sensilla on articles VII and VI of antenna A; D, three left apical antennal articles; E, F, detail of sensilla on articles VII and VI of D; G, with 12 p.l. from Trinidad, right article VI sensilla; H, I, adults from Guadeloupe Basse Terre “Moscou” and forêt de Féfé, right article VI sensilla; J-P, adult from Trinidad; J, labrum; K, right palpus of gnathochilarium; L, M, coxal setae of right leg I and left leg III; N, tibial seta of left leg I; O, P, claw and tarsal spine of right leg XI; Q, Lophoturus drifti Condé & Terver, 1964, larva with 4 p.l. from French Guyana, three left apical antennal articles; R, S, Lophoturus fluctuans Condé & Terver, 1964, larva with 8 p.l. from French Guyana; R, labrum; S, three left apical antennal articles. Abbreviations: a, anterior sensillum basiconicum; c, sensillum coeloconicum; i, p, intermediate and posterior sensilla basiconica. Scale bars: A, D, Q, S, 50 µm; B, C, E-P, R, 25 µm.