Chrosiothes Simon, 1894

Rodrigues, Everton Nei Lopes, 2017, Six new species and new records of the spider genus Chrosiothes from Brazil with the description of the female of Chrosiothes venturosus Marques & Buckup, 1997 (Araneae, Theridiidae, Spintharinae), Zootaxa 4329 (3), pp. 219-236 : 220

Genus Chrosiothes Simon

Type species: Chrosiothes silvaticus Simon, 1894

Composition and distribution. Twentyseven species, including the six new species of Chrosiothes described here. The genus has eleven species unique to the Neotropical Region , nine species unique to the Neartic Region, three species unique to the Oriental Region, and four species shared between the Neotropical and Neartic Regions. In the present study was expanded the distribution of the genus in Brazil ( Fig. 29 ).

Diagnosis. Chrosiothes species differ from the other genus of the Spintharinae by the presence of an outer lateral tubercle on the patellae I–V, conspicuous lateral tubercle in Chrosiohtes and inconspicuous in other genus ( Durán-Barrón et al., 2013) and cymbium of the male palp is triangular-shape ( Durán-Barrón et al., 2013), oval in other spintharines genus ( Durán-Barrón et al., 2013). Differ from Stemmops by the spinneret sclerotized ring absent (Agnarsson, 2004; Durán-Barron et al., 2013) and by the PME far from laterals, in Stemmops PME close to laterals; from Thwaitesia by the alveolar cavity in the male cymbium non sclerotized (Agnarsson, 2004; Durán-Barrón et al., 2013) and by the silvery pigment in abdominal dorsum absent; from Neopisinus by the shape of conductor, in Neopisinus the male palp with an enormous trifid conductor with two pointed structures and the third one apically bifurcated ( Marques et al. 2011, figs. 1, 2); from Janula by the carapace without two large conical tubercles bearing the AME (sensu Yoshida & Koh 2011, figs. 28–30, 38–40) from Spintharus by the shape of cymbial hood ( Durán-Barrón et al., 2013); and differ from Episinus by the opisthosoma is inclined in relation to the location of the pedicel ( Durán-Barrón et al., 2013), in Episinus it is straight. Of the species that do not occur in the Neotropical Region, differ from Pycnoepisinus by the stridulatory organ between legs I and II ( Wunderlich 2008, fig. 384) absent; from Moneta by the shape of eyes, in dorsal view, in two parallel rows in the Moneta ( Saaristo 2006, figs. 45–47); and from Brunepisinus by the absence of rounded tubercles projecting anteriorly from the carapace (Yoshida & Koh 2011, see figs. 57, 58) and by the absence of stridulating organ in male first coxae and second femora (Yoshida & Koh 2011, see fig. 61).

Figures

FIGURE 29. Distribution of current and new records of the genus Chrosiothes in Brazil.