Cis andersoni Lopes-Andrade, 2010

Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2010, Two new species of Cis Latreille (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from Chile, Zootaxa 2441 (1), pp. 53-62 : 54-58

Cis andersoni Lopes-Andrade sp. nov. ( Figs 1–6 )

Etymology The specific epithet is in honour of Robert S. Anderson, for assistance with the loan of ciids from CMN.

Diagnosis and comments

Dorsal surface bicoloured. Frontoclypeal region of males bearing a conspicuous horn at either side; lateral margins of pronotum conspicuously crenulate, with a small angulation at middle; prosternum biconcave, slightly tumid at the longitudinal midline but not carinate. The new species is known to occur in continental Chile, between latitudes 30º40’S and 41º07’S ( Fig. 6 ) .

Three species of Cis are known from continental Chile: C. campoi , C. chilensis and C. espinosai . The former is a small species (body length less than 1.74 mm), while the length of the two ciid species described here ranges from near 1.79 to 2.95 mm. Cis chilensis is morphologically related to N. chilensis and possibly belongs to that genus. Compared to C. andersoni sp. nov., the males of C. campoi are devoid of conspicuous frontoclypeal horns or tubercles, while C. espinosai is similar in possessing frontoclypeal horns but the elytra have single and seriate punctation, with rather uniform dorsal coloration.

Description

Holotype. ♂ ( Figs 1–3 ; see also Figs 4–5 of a paratype), measurements in mm: TL 2.11; PL 0.63; PW 0.84; EL 1.32; EW 0.84; GD 0.63. Ratios: PL/PW 0.75; EL/EW 1.56; EL/PL 2.08; GD/EW 0.75; TL/EW 2.50. Body somewhat flattened; dorsal surface mostly light yellowish brown, with small dark brown areas; ventral surface mostly brown. Head declined, but anterior portion with eyes easily seen from above; dorsal surface granulate, bearing stout decumbent or suberect bristles (except for the frontoclypeal region, which is glabrous); punctures small and sparse (indistinct when seen from above, but conspicuous in dorsolateral view); frontoclypeal region bearing a conspicuous straight horn at either side, directed upwards (forming an angle of around 45º in relation to the longitudinal axis of the head), slightly diverging from each other, and tapering from base until the apex. Eyes coarsely facetted, with around 50 ommatidia; greatest eye width 0.122 mm. Left antenna (FL 0.183 mm; CL 0.256 mm; CL/FL 1.400) with lengths of antennomeres (in mm) as follows: 0.122; 0.061; 0.061; 0.049; 0.024; 0.024; 0.024; 0.073; 0.073; 0.110; sensillifers of the antennal club barely seen in a magnification of 56X. Pronotum densely and coarsely punctate, with distance between punctures less than one puncture width; disc bearing stout decumbent bristles; in between punctures smooth, shiny; anterior margin slightly sinuate; anterolateral angles rounded and produced forwards; lateral margins explanate, entirely seen from above and conspicuously crenulate, with a small angulation near the middle ( Fig. 1 , arrows); anterior portion mostly dark yellowish brown; posterior portion mostly light pale yellow, with two dark brown marks near the midline (the dark marks seem to correspond to low relief areas). Scutellum with basal margin straight and posterior margin broadly rounded, forming a half-circle; surface dark brown, smooth and glabrous, with a few sparse punctures; basal width 0.134 mm. Hind wings fully developed (macropterous species). Elytra with confused, dense, indistinctly dual punctation, the small punctures smaller than those on pronotum, very shallow and inconspicuous, the large punctures irregular in size but usually coarser than those on pronotum; vestiture single, confused, consisting of stout suberect yellowish bristles; in between punctures smooth, shiny; humeral calli conspicuous; surface mostly pale yellow, with a conspicuous dark brown mark near the middle, resembling an incomplete “W”, and other small dark marks near the humeral calli and the lateral margins. Hypomera finely granulate, glabrous, bearing shallow coarse punctures. Prosternum biconcave, slightly tumid at the longitudinal midline but not carinate; surface finely granulate; prosternal process as long as the prosternum at the longitudinal midline, 5X as long as broad, slightly enlarged at apex, which is rounded. Each protibia with apex and outer edge simple; outer apical angle not produced. Metaventrite and abdominal ventrites with surface similar to that of hypomera, but bearing decumbent slender setae. Metaventrite with discrimen barely visible, extending from the posterior margin to the middle of the sclerite. First abdominal ventrite twice as long as the second at midline, bearing a conspicuous subcircular sex patch with a diameter near one-third the length of the ventrite at midline. Male genitalia and pregenital segment (in a paratype). Posterior margin of the eighth sternite with a wide excavation at middle, so that one small lobe is formed at either side ( Fig. 4 ). Tegmen ( Fig. 5 ) subquadrate, slightly longer than the penis; apical portion with a V-shaped emargination, almost reaching the apical onethird of the structure and forming two lateral lobes. Penis ( Fig. 5 ) elongate, subcylindrical, apical one-third membranous ( Fig. 5 , dashed line). Female paratypes. Similar to males, but lacking the abdominal sex patch and frontoclypeal horns.

Type series

Holotype. (MNNC) Chile: \[Altos de] Talinay 630m, Prov. Coquimbo 16.10.1957 \ Cis andersoni Lopes- Andrade HOLOTYPUS [printed on red paper]\. Patatypes. Chile: 1 (LAPC), same data as holotype; 1 (CMN) \ CHILE: 40km W Angol Nahuelbut [sic; Nahuelbuta] Nat. Pk 9.XII.84-17.II.85 S&J. Peck, 12-1500m FITS Nothofagus-Araucaria For. \ Cis 570 [handwritten] det. J.F. Lawrence [printed]\; 1 (LAPC) \ CHILE: 40km W Angol Nahuelbuta Nat. Pk 9.XII.84-17.II.85 S&J. Peck, 12-1500m FITS Nothofagus-Araucaria For.\; 1 (CMN) \ CHILE: Malleco; Puren Contulmo Natur. Mon. [Monumento Natural Contulmo] 11.XII.84-13.II.85 S&J Peck, FIT, 350m mixedeverar.forest\; 1 (CMN) \ CHILE: Cautin, 15km NE Villarrica, Flor del Lago 14.XII.84-10.II.85 S&J Peck, 300m, 2FITS Nothofagus forest\; 1 dissected male (LAPC) \ CHILE: Malleco; Princesa 20km W Curacautin 12.XII.84-16.II.85 S&J Peck, FIT, 1000m Nothofagus forest\; 1 (FMNH) \ CHILE: Llanquihue Pr.: P.N. Vicente Pérez Rosales, SW slope Volcán Osorno, road to la Burbuja, 640m \ 41º08.96’S, 72º31.1’W 15.xii.2002 Nothofagus dombeyi , other hard woods w\bamboo [sic] in ravine; \ pyr.- fogging old logs & stumps, Thayer, Newton, Solodovnikov, Chani FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.\; 1 (MNNC) \ Co Iman, Huaquén 5a Región 12\11\81 J. Solervicens\; 11 (3 LAPC; 8 MNNC), without label, each mounted on a rectangular card; 2 (MNNC), without label, each mounted in the apex of a triangular card; 1 (LAPC) \1440\, without other label, mounted in the apex of a triangular card. All paratypes distinguished labelled \ Cis andersoni Lopes-Andrade PARATYPUS [printed on yellow paper]\.

Variation

Males, measurements in mm (n = 11, including the holotype): TL 1.84–2.58 (2.16 ± 0.22); PL 0.53–0.68 (0.62 ± 0.05); PW 0.74–1.00 (0.84 ± 0.08); EL 1.16–1.58 (1.34 ± 0.14); EW 0.79–1.05 (0.88 ± 0.08); GD 0.63–0.79 (0.68 ± 0.06). Ratios: PL/PW 0.67–0.81 (0.74 ± 0.04); EL/EW 1.29–1.63 (1.53 ± 0.10); EL/PL 1.83–2.50 (2.17 ± 0.16); GD/EW 0.75–0.82 (0.78 ± 0.03); TL/EW 2.18–2.60 (2.47 ± 0.12).

Females, measurements in mm (n = 12): TL 1.79–2.42 (2.09 ± 0.21); PL 0.53–0.68 (0.60 ± 0.05); PW 0.68–0.95 (0.82 ± 0.08); EL 1.16–1.58 (1.41 ± 0.14); EW 0.74–1.00 (0.88 ± 0.08); GD 0.53–0.79 (0.70 ± 0.09). Ratios: PL/PW 0.67–0.77 (0.74 ± 0.03); EL/EW 1.50–1.67 (1.60 ± 0.06); EL/PL 2.17–2.55 (2.34 ± 0.13); GD/EW 0.67–0.88 (0.80 ± 0.06); TL/EW 2.21–2.56 (2.37 ± 0.10).

Besides the abovementioned variation in measurements and ratios, some specimens are distinct from the holotype in external features. In the unique specimen from Llanquihue, the dark marks of the pronotum are indiscernible, and the punctural fossa of each large puncture is dark brown (contrasting with the pale yellow surrounding surface). In part of the unlabeled specimens, the colour of the dorsal surface is light pale yellow and the dark marks are very light pale brown or inconspicuous. In the specimen labelled “1440”, the dark marks are almost black.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Distribution map showing the known localities (triangles) in which Cis andersoni sp. nov. occurs. Chile is marked in light gray and subdivided into administrative regions. The remaining southern South America is marked in dark gray and divided into countries. The type locality is indicated by an asterisk after the locality’s name.

FIGURES 1–3. Habitus of Cis andersoni sp. nov., male holotype. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Lateral view. 3. Ventral view. Each arrow indicates the angulation point at either lateral margin of pronotum

FIGURES 4–5. Male genitalia and pregenital segment of Cis andersoni sp. nov., paratype from Curacautín (Chile: IX Araucanía Region, province of Malleco). 4. Eighth sternite. 5. Genitalia showing the penis (pen), with the apex delimited by a dashed line, and the tegmen (teg).