Pagurixus sculptus, Komai, 2010

Komai, Tomoyuki, 2010, New species and new records of the hermit crab genus Pagurixus Melin, 1939 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridae) from the Indo-West Pacific, Journal of Natural History 44 (21 - 22), pp. 1269-1342 : 1328-1340

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222931003624812

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/754C8783-FFD8-FFED-FE16-FB0FFBE5FC73

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Pagurixus sculptus
status

sp. nov.

Pagurixus sculptus View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figures 26–29 View Figure 26 View Figure 27 View Figure 28 View Figure 29 )

Material examined

Holotype. Toumo-Tié , New Caledonia, 5–7 m, male SL 2.1 mm (MNHN-Pg 8340).

Paratypes. New Caledonia. LIFOU, stn 1434, Santal Bay , 20°52.2′S, 167°08.1′E, 5–20 m, 6 November 2000, 2 males SL 1.52, 1.68 mm, 4 females SL 0.96–1.70 mm (MNHN-Pg 8341) GoogleMaps .

Description

Shield ( Figure 26A View Figure 26 ) 1.0–1.1 times as long as broad; anterior margin between rostrum and lateral projections weakly concave; anterolateral margins sloping; dorsal surface with few tufts of short setae laterally. Rostrum triangular, reaching midlength of ocular acicles, terminating acutely or subacutely. Lateral projections obsolete, each with very small marginal or submarginal spinule.

Ocular peduncles ( Figure 26A View Figure 26 ) moderately long and stout, about 0.6 length of shield, with row of tufts or individual stiff setae on dorsal surface mesially; corneas slightly dilated, corneal diameter about 0.4 of peduncular length; middle part slightly inflated. Ocular acicles subtriangular or subovate, with small submarginal spinule.

Antennular peduncles ( Figure 26A View Figure 26 ) relatively stout, reaching or slightly overreaching distal corneal margins. Ultimate segment with tufts of long setae at dorsolateral distal angle; each setal row on ventral surface consisting of thin short setae directed ventrolaterally ( Figure 26B View Figure 26 ). Basal segment with small laterodistal spine on statocyst lobe. Ventral flagellum ( Figure 26B View Figure 26 ) with row of numerous long setae on lateral and mesial margins.

Antennal peduncles ( Figure 26A View Figure 26 ) reaching or slightly overreaching distal corneal margins. Third segment with small spine at ventromesial distal angle, practically obscured by tuft of stiff setae. Second segment unarmed at dorsomesial distal angle; laterodistal projection reaching nearly to midlength of fourth segment, terminating in simple spine. First segment unarmed; ventromesial distal margin produced in flattened projection. Antennal acicle moderately long, arcuate, overreaching base, but not reaching distal margin of cornea; mesial margin with row of stiff setae. Antennal flagellum relatively short, 3.0–4.0 times longer than shield, each article with some short setae distally.

Male right cheliped ( Figure 27A–C View Figure 27 ) massive, not particularly elongate. Chela subovate with gently convex lateral margin, about 1.6 times longer than broad. Dactylus about 0.6 length of palm, slightly curved ventrally, terminating in calcareous claw; dorsomesial margin faintly delimited by row of coarse granules; surfaces covered with coarse granules, ventral surface with tufts of short setae; cutting edge with row of unequal calcareous teeth (proximal-most tooth prominent, triangular). Palm subequal in length to carpus; dorsal surface convex with slightly elevated midline, with minute granules laterally, dorsolateral margin not delimited; dorsomesial margin with sharp keel extending to base of dactylus; lateral surface coarsely granular; mesial surface with scattered, small low granules (occasionally squamiform) and longitudinal row of coarse granules dorsally; ventral surface nearly smooth. Cutting edge of fixed finger terminating in calcareous claw, with prominent tooth at midlength, otherwise weakly denticulate. Carpus slightly longer than merus, noticeably widened distally, length almost equal to distal width; dorsal surface with two irregular mesial rows of spiniform setae, dorsolateral and dorsomesial margins not delimited; lateral face with coarse granules, lacking longitudinal ridge, ventrolateral margin smooth; mesial face nearly smooth, ventromesial margin granular in distal part; ventral surface smooth, strongly convex. Meral–carpal articulation without clockwise rotation; dorsal surface of merus nearly smooth, dorsodistal margin with row of spiniform setae; lateral face with scattered coarse granules, ventrolateral margin with three small subdistal spines increasing in size distally; mesial face nearly smooth, ventromesial margin unarmed, but with row of long stiff setae; ventral surface somewhat inflated mesially, with several long stiff setae. Ischium faintly denticulate on ventromesial margin; lateral surface with spiniform setae distally.

Female right cheliped ( Figure 29A–C View Figure 29 ) somewhat larger than left. Chela subtriangular with weakly convex lateral margin, about 1.7 times longer than broad. Dactylus slightly longer than palm; surfaces with sparse tufts of setae; cutting edge with two blunt calcareous teeth in proximal half and with row of small corneous spinules in distal half, terminating in moderately strong corneous claw. Palm about 0.7 length of carpus, with prominent median keel extending onto fixed finger and becoming tuberculate distally and mesial keel extending to base of dactylus; sloping dorsolateral part with sparse coarse granules, slightly concave dorsomesial part also with sparse coarse granules; dorsolateral margin delimited by sharp carina extending nearly to tip of fixed finger; lateral face with small squamiform granules; mesial face with sparse coarse granules or low tubercles, and crenulate ridge; ventral surface weakly convex, with few very short setae. Carpus subequal in length to merus, length 1.4 of distal width; ornamentation generally similar to that of male. Merus with two small subdistal spines on ventrolateral margin, ventromesial margin unarmed but with few stiff setae. Ischium with few stiff setae distally on lateral surface.

Left cheliped ( Figure 27D–G View Figure 27 ) similar between male and female, relatively stout. Chela about 1.8 times longer than broad, with strongly arched lateral margin. Dactylus longer than palm, with tufts of short setae forming longitudinal rows on surfaces (setae on ventral surface longest); cutting edge with row of small corneous teeth in distal 0.7, terminating in small corneous claw. Palm about 0.6 length of carpus; dorsal surface with granular median keel extending onto fixed finger and with longitudinal keel mesially extending to base of dactylus, sloping dorsolateral surface and shallowly concave surface between keels sparsely granular; dorsolateral margin delimited by sharp carina extending onto fixed finer, dorsomesial margin not delimited; ventrolateral and mesial faces with small, low tubercles; ventral surface convex, with several long setae. Cutting edge of fixed finger with row of small calcareous teeth in proximal 0.7 and with row of small corneous teeth in distal 0.3, terminating in small corneous claw. Carpus somewhat compressed laterally, subequal in length to merus; length 1.8–1.9 of distal width and about 1.8 of greatest height; dorsal surface with two irregular rows of spiniform setae mesially and shorter spiniform setae laterally, also with scattered short setae; dorsolateral and dorsomesial margins not delimited; lateral surface nearly perpendicular, coarsely granular, without longitudinal ridge, ventrolateral margin unarmed; mesial face nearly smooth, but with few spiniform setae, ventromesial margin unarmed; ventral surface convex, smooth, with some long setae. Merus with almost smooth dorsal surface, dorsodistal margin with row of short stiff setae; lateral face coarsely granular, ventrolateral margin with one subterminal spine followed by row of tiny tubercles; mesial face mostly smooth, with spiniform setae ventrally, ventromesial margin faintly granular; ventral surface with several long setae. Ischium with smooth ventromesial margin, with some spiniform setae on lateral surface ventrally.

Ambulatory legs ( Figure 28A, C, D View Figure 28 ) relatively short and stout, second pereopods similar from right to left, third pereopods strongly dissimilar with left appreciably broader and shorter than right. Dactyli of second and right third pereopods about 0.9 length of propodi and 4.2–4.5 times longer than broad, terminating in strong corneous claws ( Figure 28B, C View Figure 28 ); dorsal surfaces each with sparse short setae; lateral and mesial faces with sparse tufts of very short setae, mesial faces unarmed; ventral margins each with six to nine moderately long corneous spines notably increasing in size distally. Dactylus of left third pereopod ( Figure 28E, F View Figure 28 ) fairly broadened, about 0.9 length of propodi, about 3.3 times longer than broad; lateral surface shallowly sulcate medially, mesial face with scattered tufts of very short setae; ventral margin with six corneous spines. Propodi of second and right third pereopods slightly tapering distally, 2.7–3.1 times longer than broad; dorsal surfaces naked or with row of sparse setae; lateral faces smooth or sparsely granular; ventral margins each with four to eight corneous spinules, ventrodistal margins each with paired corneous spines. Propodus of left third pereopod ( Figure 28E, F View Figure 28 ) very broad, subrectangular, 2.1–2.4 times longer than broad; dorsolateral margin sharply carinate, lateral face shallowly concave in most part, ventrally delimited by distinct carina; median part of concavity weakly elevated medially, weakly granular; ventral part of lateral surface with scattered low, small protuberances; mesial face convex, with scattered tufts of very short setae dorsally; ventral margin with three corneous spinules in distal 0.4, ventrodistal margin with pair of corneous spinules. Carpi of all legs each with small dorsodistal spine; dorsal surfaces each with row of short setae; lateral faces smooth, with few very setae. Meri each with short setae on smooth dorsal surface; lateral surfaces nearly smooth; ventrolateral distal margins each with small subdistal spine (second) or unarmed (third), ventral surfaces with sparse short to moderately long setae.

Fourth pereopods ( Figures 27C, D View Figure 27 , 29D, E View Figure 29 ) markedly unequal in size. Dactyli each with prominent tuft of stiff setae on dorsal margin (setae longer on left than on right), terminating in large, medially constricted corneous claw on left in male or terminating in small corneous claw on right and in females; ventral margin straight on left, slightly convex on right. Propodi each with tuft of setae on dorsal surface; mesial surface with several long setae on slightly elevated midline on left, nearly flat with only few setae on right; ventral margins slightly convex or nearly straight, propodal rasp of single row of corneous scales. Carpus of left with tufts of setae dorsodistally and ventrodistally on mesial face, respectively.

Anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite ( Figure 26E View Figure 26 ) subrectangular, anterolateral angles rounded, anterior margin with row of short setae. Eighth thoracic sternite ( Figure 26F View Figure 26 ) composed of two markedly unequal, closely-set, rounded lobes (right lobe larger than left).

Coxae of fifth pereopods slightly unequal in male ( Figure 26F View Figure 26 ). Right coxa with tuft of long stiff setae directed toward midline and reaching to left coxa; coxal protrusion absent, but papilla-like protrusion of vas deferens apparent. Left coxa with papilla-like protrusion arising from gonopore; several short setae present. Female with single left gonopore.

Telson ( Figure 26G View Figure 26 ) with terminal margins rounded, faintly denticulate.

Colouration

In preservative. Shield generally cream. Ocular peduncles each with one brown lateral stripe and with tinge of brown at base of cornea. Antennular and antennal peduncles generally cream. Chelipeds generally cream, with tint of pale brown on palm, carpus and merus. Ambulatory legs generally cream with brown markings; dactyli each with brown blotch dorsally, lateral surface with tinge of brown in proximal half; propodi each with two brown blotches dorsally, lateral surface with rather obscure longitudinal stripe in midline and tinge of brown ventrally; carpi each with two dorsal blotches and one median stripe; meri each with brown tinge distally and dorsoproximally on lateral surface.

Size

Largest male SL 2.1 mm, largest female SL 1.7 mm.

Distribution

So far known only from New Caledonia, 5–20 m.

Etymology

From the Latin sculptus meaning sculptured, and refers to the characteristic sculpture of the lateral surface of the propodus of the left third pereopod.

Remarks

This new species is quite distinctive within the genus in the characteristically sculptured propodus of the left third pereopod, although the dorsally keeled chelae in females and appreciably dissimilar third pereopods suggest a close relationship of the new species to P. carinimanus . Furthermore, P. sculptus differs from P. carinimanus in the presence in males of a sharp mesial keel on the right palm and of a sharp median keel on the left chela in the new species, which are absent in P. carinimanus .

Key to species of Pagurixus View in CoL

1. Ultimate segment of antennular peduncle with distinct rows of setae on ventral surface................................................... 2 Ultimate segment of antennular peduncle without distinct rows of setae on ventral surface................................................20

2. Carpus of right cheliped strongly expanded laterally and mesially and deeply excavated ventrally............... P. cavicarpus View in CoL sp. nov. (male unknown) Carpus of right cheliped not strongly expanded laterally and mesially and deeply excavated ventrally....................................... 3

3. Palms of chelipeds with dorsomesial margins distinctly delimited by sharp ridge; left chela with two distinct longitudinal keels on dorsal surface; third pereopods appreciably unequal and dissimilar....................... 4 Palms of chelipeds with dorsomesial margins rounded; left chela without longitudinal ridges on dorsal surface; third pereopods subequal and similar................................................... 5

4. Lateral surface of left propodus of third pereopod encircled by sharp ridge...................................... P. sculptus View in CoL sp. nov. Lateral surface of left propodus of third pereopod not encircled by sharp ridge......................... P. carinimanus Komai and Osawa, 2006 View in CoL

5. Lateral surface of carpus of left cheliped divided in two sections by weak longitudinal ridge................................................ 6 Lateral surface of carpus of left cheliped entire......................12

6. Carpi of chelipeds with conspicuous spines dorsolaterally and/or dorsomesially..................................................... 7 Carpi of chelipeds without conspicuous spines on dorsal surfaces........................................ P. concolor Komai and Osawa, 2006 View in CoL

7. Dactyli of ambulatory legs less than 7.0 times longer than wide, distinctly shorter than propodi; carpus of left cheliped 2.3–2.7 times longer than wide..................................................... 8 Dactyli of ambulatory legs more than 8.0 times longer than wide, subequal in length to propodi; carpus of left cheliped 2.8–4.8 times longer than wide [meri of third pereopods without ventrolateral distal spine].............10

8. Carpus of left cheliped with dorsolateral and dorsomesial rows composed of tiny spinulose tubercles; meri of third pereopods without ventrolateral distal spine......................................... P. formosus View in CoL sp. nov. Carpus of left cheliped with dorsolateral and dorsomesial rows composed of conspicuous spines; meri of third pereopods each with ventrolateral distal spine........................................................ 9

9. Carpus of right cheliped with dorsolateral row of moderately large spines; merus of right cheliped with row of spines on ventrolateral margin; merus of left cheliped with row of conspicuous spines on ventrolateral margin........................... P. laevimanus (Ortmann, 1892) View in CoL (female unknown) Carpus of right cheliped without conspicuous spines on dorsal surface laterally; merus of right cheliped with one or two spines followed by row of small tubercles on ventrolateral margin; merus of left cheliped without conspicuous spines on ventrolateral margin............. P. tweediei ( Forest, 1956) View in CoL

10. Ocular peduncle relatively slender, corneal width about 0.3 of peduncular length; setal rows on ventral surface of ultimate segment of antennular peduncle restricted to distal half; anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite oval........................... P. pulcher Osawa, Fujita and Okuno, 2006 View in CoL Ocular peduncle relatively stout, corneal width 0.4–0.5 of peduncular length; setal rows on ventral surface of ultimate segment of antennular peduncle extending nearly to basal margin; anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite subrectangular or transversely oblong............................... 11

11. Ultimate segment of antennular peduncle with one or two short setae on dorsolateral distal portion and 2 rows of sparse, relatively long setae on ventral surface; carpus of left cheliped with rows of conspicuous spines on dorsolateral and dorsomesial margins; anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite subrectangular with rounded anterolateral angles; telson with large spines on terminal margins........................... P. maorus ( Nobili, 1906) Ultimate View in CoL segment of antennular peduncle with tuft of long setae at dorsolateral distal portion and two setal rows on ventral surface, each consisting of irregular longitudinal rows of dense short setae; carpus of left cheliped without conspicuous spines on dorsolateral and dorsomesial margins; anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite transversely oblong, with produced anterolateral angles; telson with minute spinules on terminal margins................................. P. nomurai Komai and Asakura, 1995 View in CoL

12. Dactyli of ambulatory legs stout (less than 4.5 times longer than broad).............................................................. 13 Dactyli of ambulatory legs moderately slender to slender (4.5 or more times longer than broad)............................................ 14

13. Shield about as long as broad; carpus of left cheliped with row of low protuberances on dorsomesial margin; coxa of right fifth pereopod in male without posteromesial protrusion................................................................. P. brachydactylus Komai and Osawa, 2006 Shield View in CoL distinctly longer than broad; carpus of left cheliped with row of spines on dorsomesial margin; coxa of right fifth pereopod with prominent posteromesial protrusion............... P. pseliophorus Komai and Osawa, 2006 View in CoL

14. Meri of second pereopods without ventrolateral distal spine; [carpi of chelipeds without conspicuous spines on dorsal surfaces; fourth pereopods subequal, left dactylus without prominent tuft of setae]................................................. P. festinus McLaughlin and Haig, 1984 Meri View in CoL of second pereopods each with ventrolateral distal spine………………………... 15

15. Dactylus and propodus of left third pereopod with scattered tufts of long setae on lateral surface; [dorsal surface of palm of right cheliped nearly smooth in male, spinulose in female; carpi of chelipeds each with dorsomesial spines]....................................... P. pilosus View in CoL sp. nov.

Dactylus and propodus of left third pereopod without prominent tufts of setae........................................................16

16. Palm of right cheliped spinulose on dorsal surface; [carpus of right cheliped with small spines dorsomesially; carpus of left cheliped without conspicuous spines on dorsolateral margin; left male gonopore absent]............................... P. paulayi Komai and Osawa, 2006 View in CoL (female unknown) Palm of right cheliped minutely or finely granular, but not spinulose.....17

17. Carpus of right cheliped unarmed dorsomesially; left male gonopore absent; [setae consisting rows on ventral surface of ultimate segment of antennular peduncle forming distinct tufts; fourth pereopods distinctly unequal, left dactylus with prominent tuft of setae]..............................18 Carpus of right cheliped with dorsomesial row of spines; left male gonopore present......................................................19

18. Chela and carpus of left cheliped without conspicuous spines on dorsomesial margin............................ P. ruber Komai and Osawa, 2006 Chela View in CoL and carpus of left cheliped with row of small spines on dorsomesial margin....................................... P. crosnieri View in CoL sp. nov.

19. Right chela with one spine proximomesially on dorsal surface; ultimate segment of antennular peduncle with two rows of setae on ventral surface, becoming longer distally; fourth pereopods distinctly unequal, left dactylus with prominent tuft of setae........ P. purpureus Komai and Okuno, 2009 Right View in CoL chela without spine proximomesially on dorsal surface; ultimate segment of antennular peduncle with two rows of tufts of setae on ventral surface;.................................... P. boninensis (Melin, 1939) View in CoL

20. Male right cheliped greatly elongate; left cheliped very slender, carpus more than 3.5 times longer than broad; lateral surface of carpus of left cheliped faintly divided in slightly oblique dorsal section and perpendicular ventral section....................................................... 21 Male right cheliped not particularly elongate, massive; left cheliped moderately stout to stout, carpus less than 3.0 times longer than broad; carpus of left cheliped without trace of division..............................22

21. Carpus of right cheliped with one small dorsomesial spine arising at midlength; proximal-most article of ventral flagellum of antennule with covering of setae on ventral surface; telson with conspicuous spines on horizontal terminal margins.......................... P. rubrovittatus View in CoL sp. nov. Carpus of right cheliped with two or more small dorsomesial spines proximal to midlength; proximal-most article of ventral flagellum of antennule without covering of setae on ventral surface; telson without conspicuous spines on oblique terminal margins........................................................... P. longipes Osawa, Fujita and Okuno, 2006 View in CoL

22. Ocular peduncles elongate, extending as far as antennular and antennal peduncles [dorsomesial margin of right palm distinctly delimited by ridge bearing small spines or tubercles; ambulatory dactyli each with 12–15 ventral spines].................................... P. stenops Morgan, 1993 View in CoL

Ocular peduncles not particularly elongate, exceeded by antennular and antennal peduncles............................................ 23

23. Carpi of second pereopods each with one or more spines on dorsal surface in addition to dorsodistal spine.................................... 24 Carpi of second pereopods unarmed on dorsal surfaces............... 27

24. Right chela with dorsomesial margin distinctly delimited by sharp, tuberculate ridge; carpus of left cheliped with row of small spines on ventrolateral margin; [dorsolateral margin of right chela delimited by crenulate or granular ridge in both male and female]............................................................. P. acanthocarpus Komai and Okuno, 2009 Right View in CoL chela with dorsomesial margin not delimited; carpus of left cheliped with smooth ventrolateral margin................................ 25

25. Dactylus of right cheliped with distinctly delimited dorsomesial margin; merus of male right cheliped with prominent tuft of long setae on ventral surface.......................... P. dissimilis Osawa and Komai, 2007 Dactylus View in CoL of right cheliped rounded dorsomesially; merus of male right cheliped without prominent tuft of long setae ventrally................... 26

26. Dactyli of ambulatory legs each with five ventral spines................................................. P. nanus Komai and Takada, 2006 Dactyli of ambulatory legs each with six or more ventral spines...................................................... P. aurantiaca View in CoL sp. nov.

27. Fourth pereopods unequal, dactylus of left with prominent tuft of long setae [carpus of male right cheliped without spines dorsomesially; merus of right cheliped with row of spines on ventrolateral margin distally; merus of left cheliped with row of small spines; ambulatory dactyli each with five to eight ventral spines]................................ P. patiae Komai, 2006 Fourth View in CoL pereopods subequal, dactylus of left without prominent tuft of long setae....................................................... 28

28. Carpus of right cheliped without conspicuous spines on dorsal surface............................................................... 29 Carpus of right cheliped with conspicuous spines at least dorsomesially............................................................... 30

29. Meri of chelipeds unarmed on ventrolateral margins; ambulatory dactyli each with five or six ventral spines; carpus of left third pereopod with ventro- distal margin extending as far as dorsodistal projection........................................................... P. anceps ( Forest, 1954) Meri View in CoL of chelipeds each with row of small spines on ventrolateral margin; ambulatory dactyli each with 9–12 ventral spines; carpus of left third pereo- pod with ventrodistal margin not produced........................................ P. kermadecensis de Saint Laurent and McLaughlin, 2000 View in CoL

30. Palm of male right cheliped with distinct dorsomesial ridge at least for proximal 0.7..................................................... 31 Palm of male right cheliped without dorsomesial ridge............... 33

31. Palm of male right cheliped with dorsomesial ridge becoming obsolete in distal 0.2–0.3; chela of female right cheliped with spinose dorsolateral and dorsomesial margins; carpus of right cheliped with spines lateral to midline in both male and female.............. P. handrecki Gunn and Morgan, 1992 Palm View in CoL of male right cheliped with dorsomesial ridge running over entire length; chela of female right cheliped not spinose marginally; carpus of right cheliped unarmed laterally in both male and female..................32

32. Carpus of left cheliped with dorsolateral spines; coxa of male right fifth pereopod with posteromesial protrusion............................................................... P. fasciatus Komai and Myorin, 2005 Carpus View in CoL of left cheliped without dorsolateral spines; coxa of male right fifth pereopod without posteromesial protrusion............. P. icelus View in CoL sp. nov.

33. Terminal margins of telson strongly oblique; [ambulatory dactyli each with six to eight ventral spines]............ P. haigae Komai and Osawa, 2007 View in CoL Terminal margins of telson horizontal or slightly oblique; [ambulatory dactyli each with seven to 11 ventral spines]............................34

34. Dactylus of left chela without dorsal row of spines or tubercles; telson with 5–10 fine small spines or spinules on each terminal margin........................................................ P. hectori (Filhol, 1885) Dactylus View in CoL of left chela with dorsal row of spines or tubercles; telson with two to five large spines and sometimes additional spinules.................35

35. Dactyli of ambulatory legs 4.0–4.5 times as long as broad; telson with narrow, shallow median cleft....... P. jerviensis McLaughlin and Haig, 1984 Dactyli View in CoL of ambulatory legs 5.5–6.5 times as long as broad; telson with broad, deep median cleft............................. P. amsa Morgan, 1993 View in CoL

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Malacostraca

Order

Decapoda

Family

Paguridae

Genus

Pagurixus

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