Apanteles carpatus (Say, 1836)

Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., Whitfield, James B., Rodriguez, Josephine J., Smith, M. Alex, Janzen, Daniel H., Hallwachs, Winnie D., Hajibabaei, Mehrdad, Burns, John M., Solis, M. Alma, Brown, John, Cardinal, Sophie, Goulet, Henri & Hebert, Paul D. N., 2014, Review of Apantelessensu stricto (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, with keys to all described species from Mesoamerica, ZooKeys 383, pp. 1-565 : 100-102

Apanteles carpatus (Say, 1836)

Microgaster carpata Say, 1836: 263.

Apanteles carpatus (Say, 1836). Transferred by Riley 1881: 19.

Urogaster solitarius Ashmead, 1900: 287. See Apanteles piceoventris Muesebeck below.

Protapanteles hawaiiensis Ashmead, 1901: 362. Synonymized by Muesebeck and Walkley 1951: 125.

Urogaster fuscicornis Cameron, 1910: 479. Synonymized by Wilkinson 1932: 313.

Apanteles igae Watanabe, 1932: 97. Synonymized by Watanabe 1933: 97.

Apanteles piceoventris Muesebeck, 1921: 515. Replacement name for Urogaster solitarius Ashmead, 1900. Synonymized by Muesebeck 1958: 431.

Apanteles sarcitorius Telenga, 1955: 55. Synonymized by Papp 1980: 269.

Apanteles ultericus Telenga, 1955: 57. Synonymized by Papp 1980: 269.

Type locality.

UNITED STATES, Indiana, locality not specified.

Holotype.

♀, Destroyed.

Material Examined.

28 ♀, 7 ♂ (CNC), CANADA: ON, Biscotasing, Ottawa, Vineland; NB, York County; BC, Aldergrove, Vancouver; PUERTO RICO: Cueva Tuna; UKRAINE: Kiev; UNITED STATES: NC, Bertie County, near Cahaba.

Description.

Female. Body color: body mostly dark except for some sternites which may be pale. Antenna color: scape and/or pedicel dark, flagellum pale. Coxae color (pro-, meso-, metacoxa): pale, pale, dark. Femora color (pro-, meso-, metafemur): pale, pale, pale. Tibiae color (pro-, meso-, metatibia): pale, pale, pale, rarely pale, pale, mostly pale but with posterior 0.2 or less dark. Tegula and humeral complex color: both pale. Pterostigma color: dark with pale spot at base. Fore wing veins color: partially pigmented (a few veins may be dark but most are pale). Antenna length/body length: antenna shorter than body (head to apex of metasoma), not extending beyond anterior 0.7 metasoma length. Body in lateral view: not distinctly flattened dorso–ventrally. Body length (head to apex of metasoma): 2.7-2.8 mm, 2.9-3.0 mm or 3.1-3.2 mm. Fore wing length: 2.5-2.6 mm, 2.7-2.8 mm or 2.9-3.0 mm. Ocular–ocellar line/posterior ocellus diameter: 2.0-2.2. Interocellar distance/posterior ocellus diameter: 1.7-1.9. Antennal flagellomerus 2 length/width: 2.0-2.2. Antennal flagellomerus 14 length/width: 1.0 or less or 1.1-1.3. Length of flagellomerus 2/length of flagellomerus 14: 2.0-2.2. Tarsal claws: with single basal spine–like seta. Metafemur length/width: 2.8-2.9. Metatibia inner spur length/metabasitarsus length: 0.6-0.7. Anteromesoscutum: mostly with deep, dense punctures (separated by less than 2.0 × its maximum diameter). Mesoscutellar disc: with punctures near margins, central part mostly smooth. Number of pits in scutoscutellar sulcus: 9 or 10. Maximum height of mesoscutellum lunules/maximum height of lateral face of mesoscutellum: 0.2-0.3. Propodeum areola: completely defined by carinae, including transverse carina extending to spiracle. Propodeum background sculpture: partly sculptured, especially on anterior 0.5. Mediotergite 1 length/width at posterior margin: 1.4-1.6. Mediotergite 1 shape: clearly widening towards posterior margin. Mediotergite 1 sculpture: mostly sculptured, excavated area centrally with transverse striation inside and/or a polished knob centrally on posterior margin of mediotergite. Mediotergite 2 width at posterior margin/length: 3.2-3.5. Mediotergite 2 sculpture: more or less fully sculptured, with longitudinal striation. Outer margin of hypopygium: with a wide, medially folded, transparent, semi–desclerotized area; usually with 4 or more pleats. Ovipositor thickness: about same width throughout its length. Ovipositor sheaths length/metatibial length: 1.0-1.1. Length of fore wing veins r/2RS: 1.7-1.9. Length of fore wing veins 2RS/2M: 0.9-1.0. Length of fore wing veins 2M/(RS+M)b: 0.9-1.0. Pterostigma length/width: 2.1-2.5. Point of insertion of vein r in pterostigma: about half way point length of pterostigma. Angle of vein r with fore wing anterior margin: more or less perpendicular to fore wing margin. Shape of junction of veins r and 2RS in fore wing: distinctly but not strongly angled.

Male. Similar to female, except for shape of mediotergite 1 which is more rectangular, and coloration of meso and metafemur which tends to be darker in some specimens.

Molecular data.

Sequences in BOLD: 16, barcode compliant sequences: 15, haplotypes: 2.

Biology/ecology.

Gregarious. Mostly recorded from Lepidoptera species on stored products - its cosmopolitan distribution is likely due to human transfer from an unknown source. Hosts: Gelechiidae , Lasiocampidae , Lecithoceridae , Lymantriidae , Pyralidae , Thaumetopoeidae , Tineidae , Tortricidae , Zygaenidae . The correctness of some of these host records is questionable because it is unlikely that a single species has such a wide host range.

Distribution.

Cosmopolitan, this species has been recorded from 50 countries in all continents but there is no suggestion that it occurs in ACG.

Comments.

The geographical coverage of the barcoded specimens includes Canada and New Zealand, but all sequences are almost identical. The only exceptions are some extralimital specimens (British Columbia, Canada) which seem to represent a different species based on body color and the barcode of one specimen. Because those specimens are not from Mesoamerica, they will be dealt with elsewhere.