Temnomastax monnei Olivier, 2019

Olivier, Renan S., Pujol-Luz, Cristiane V. A. & Graciolli, Gustavo, 2019, Review of Temnomastax Rehn & Rehn, 1942 (Orthoptera, Caelifera, Eumastacidae, Temnomastacinae), Zootaxa 4593 (1), pp. 1-78 : 48-51

Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:499771

Figures 4D , 5D , 6D , 8D , 10D , 12D , 13D , 14D , 15D , 18D , 24 , 28B and 29

Type-series. Holotype ♂ — HOLOTYPE (printed on red paper)\ Temnomastax monnei sp. nov. (Renan Olivier det. III.2017)\ Brasil, GO, Alto Paraíso, PN Chapada dos Veadeiros, Trilha para Canion, 14°10’05”S / 47°49’16”W, 941 m, 25.X.2013, Sweep (Gonçalves, C.G., Camisão, B.M & Takiya, D.M.)\DZRJOrt0638 [ MNRJ] ; Allotype ♀ — ALLOTYPE (printed on red paper)\ Temnomastax monnei sp. nov. (Renan Olivier det. III.2017)\ Brasil, GO, Alto Paraíso, PN Chapada dos Veadeiros, Trilha para Canion, 14°10’05”S / 47°49’16”W, 941 m, 25.X.2013, Sweep (Gonçalves, C.G., Camisão, B.M & Takiya, D.M.)\DZRJOrt0636 [ MNRJ]; 1 Paratype ♀ — PARATYPE (printed on yellow paper)\ Temnomastax monnei sp. nov. (Renan Olivier det. III.2017)\ Brasil, GO, Alto Paraíso, PN Chapada dos Veadeiros, Trilha para Canion, 14°10’05”S / 47°49’16”W, 941 m, 25.X.2013, Sweep (Gonçalves, C.G., Camisão, B.M & Takiya, D.M.)\DZRJOrt0635 [ZUFMSORT00697] .

Type locality. Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil .

Depository. Holotype and Allotype: Museu Nacional da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Paratype ♀: Coleção Zoológica de Referência da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil .

Etymology. Specific epithet after Dr. Miguel Monné, for his special receptivity, attention, and exchange of knowledge when the first author visited the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ).

Diagnosis. Medium (♂ = 20.01 mm, ♀ = 26.74 mm). Close to T. latens , but differ by the less protruding eyes of male. Tegmina reaching at most the 3 rd abdominal tergite in males and the 2 nd abdominal tergite in females. 1 st and 7 th abdominal tergites and the subgenital plate of female red. 7 th and 8 th abdominal tergites and 8 th and 9 th abdominal sternites of male red. Male cerci more laterally compressed at the base and more curved inward in the median portion. MbEp seemingly pentagonal in dorsal view. Outer margin of the posteromedian region of epiphallus rounded, slightly concave dorsally. Lateral portions in the posterior margin of female subgenital plate converging centrally and slightly convex in ventral view, apex slightly curved inward.

Description. Male. ( Figure 18D ). HOLOTYPE \ Temnomastax monnei sp. nov. (Renan Olivier det. III.2017)\ Brasil, GO, Alto Paraíso, PN Chapada dos Veadeiros, Trilha para Canion, 14°10’05”S / 47°49’16”W, 941 m, 25.X.2013, Sweep (Gonçalves, C.G., Camisão, B.M & Takiya, D.M.)\DZRJOrt0638 [MNRJ]. Measurements (mm): bd 20.01, pr 2.63, tg 5.04, hf 14.70, ht 15.57.— Head: Subtriangular in frontal view ( Figure 4D ). Antenna (3.77 mm). Fastigium (0.31 mm). Eyes moderately protruding in frontal view ( Figure 4D ). Frons metallic blue. Clypeus and labrum yellow ( Figure 4D ). Mandibular joints dark brown. Mandibles yellow. Thorax: Pronotum: Slightly sellate as in T. latens ( Figure 6D ). Pronotal disk with color damage (probably with blue maculae); posterior margin slightly fissured centrally ( Figure 6d ). Thoracic sternites metallic blue. Wings: Brachypterous (tg / hf 0.34). Tegmina ellipsoidal, ¾ proximal of costal margin slightly arched (convex) and ⅓ slightly narrower distally (similar to T. ricardoi , Figure 7C ); reaching the median region of the 3 rd abdominal tergite (1.9x the pronotum length); Rp arising from Ra in the median region, both reaching the apex; M simple, rectilinear, reaching the apex; 1Cu sinuous, reaching the apex; 1A and 2A well marked, 3A weakly marked, reduced. Membranous wings not dissected, but with the same length as the tegmina. Legs (Right/Left): Ventral face of protibiae with 7/8 outer spines and 7/8 inner spines. PrTm1 with approximately 2.5x the length of PrTm2. Ventral face of mesotibiae with 7/7 outer spines and 7/7 inner spines. MsTm1 with approximately 2.0x the length of MsTm2. Dorsal face of metatibiae with 26/? inner spines and 25/? outer spines. MtTm1 with approximately 2.5x the length of MtTm2. Abdomen: 7 th and 8 th abdominal tergites red. Posterior-ventral regions of the 9 th and 10 th abdominal tergites as in the Figure 8D . Epiproct similar to T. latens ( Figure 8d ). Cerci similar to T. latens , but a little more compressed laterally at the base, more curved inward in the median region, and larger in size. Abdominal sternites yellow, except for the 8 th and 9 th (subgenital plate) which are red. Membranous distal area of subgenital plate fusiform horizontally, not expanded toward the apex; one central carina present. Posterior margin of subgenital plate slightly projected backward in lateral view ( Figure 8D ). Apex of abdomen subtriangular in axial view. Phallic complex: Epiphallus: LREp short and almost parallel, making the MbEp seemingly pentagonal in dorsal view, with its vertex rounded ( Figure 10D ); outer margin of the median portion in the posterior region not acute (beak-shaped) as in T. latens , but rounded and longitudinally slightly concave in dorsal view ( Figure 10D ); posterior region without upward curvature in lateral view ( Figure 10d ); LPjEp uniformly expanded from proximal region to distal region, but less than T. latens ( Figure 10d ), apex acute and curved inward. Endophallus: Outer margin in the anterior region of endophallic plate trilobed, central lobe acute and lateral ones distant from the central; inner arc circular; branches parallel and inner margin of tips chamfered in ventral view ( Figure 12D ); slight ventral curvature in the medium posterior region in lateral view ( Figure 12d ); spermatophore sac as in the Figure 12d ; ejaculatory sac seemingly trigonal in lateral view, and its apex projected backward ( Figure 12d ).

Female ( Figure 18D ). ALLOTYPE \ Temnomastax monnei sp. nov. (Renan Olivier det. III.2017)\ Brasil, GO, Alto Paraíso, PN Chapada dos Veadeiros, Trilha para Canion, 14°10’05”S / 47°49’16”W, 941 m, 25.X.2013, Sweep (Gonçalves, C.G., Camisão, B.M & Takiya, D.M.)\DZRJOrt0636 [MNRJ]. Measurements (mm): bd 26.74, pr 2.82, tg 4.22, hf 15.35, ht 16.42.— Head: Antennae (2.71 mm). Fastigium (damage). Thorax: Brachypterous (tg / hf 0.27). Tegmina reaching the distal portion of the 2 nd abdominal tergite (1.4x the length of pronotum). Pro- and mesotibiae and pro- and mesotarsomeres reddish. Ventral face of protibiae with 8/8 outer spines and 8/8 inner spines. PrTm1 with approximately 2.0x the length of PrTm2. Ventral face of mesotibiae with 7/7 outer spines and 6/7 inner spines. MsTm1 with approximately 2.0x the length of MsTm2. Dorsal face of metatibiae with 26/25 inner spines and 24/25 outer spines. MtTm1 with approximately 2.5x the length of MtTm2. Abdomen: Posterior-ventral regions of the 8 th abdominal tergite smooth ( Figure 13D ). Epiproct as in the Figure 14D . Length of paraprocts equal to the epiproct. Cerci reaching the distal ⅓ of paraprocts ( Figure 14D ). Subgenital plate: with a gradient of colors from yellow in the anterior region to red in the posterior region; lateral regions not covered by the ventral portions of the 8 th abdominal tergite ( Figure 15D ); posterolateral regions exceeding the length of the 8 th abdominal tergite in lateral view ( Figure 13D ); lateral angles of posterior margin rounded and after that lateral portions converging to the center and slightly convex in ventral view, apex with a small triangular protrusion slightly curved upward, spines present only in the 3 / 5 median, but not visible in ventral view; surface entirely smooth ( Figure 15D ). Lateral and ventral regions of ovipositor reddish ( Figure 13D ). Other characters as in male.

Sexual dimorphism. hf ♀ / hf ♂ 1.04.

Measurements (mm). In addition to the measurements of holotype and allotype measurements of one paratype female as follow: bd 23.25, pr 2.89, tg 4.06, hf 15.35, ht 16.41.

Intraspecific variation. Color of pronotal disk of the holotype is damaged, but based on Figure 29A, a blue color can be observed in same structure of a living male. Pro- and mesotibiae, pro- and mesotarsomeres, and distal regions of metatibiae of the female paratype are reddish. Females of the type-series have shown damaged coloration of the 1 st abdominal tergite, but based on Figure 29B , the same region in a living female is red. This damage could have resulted from the method of previous preservation since all specimens were kept in alcohol a long time. The female paratype has distortions in body structures that significantly modified some of its measurements.

Material examined. Brazil: Goiás state: 1 ♂ and 2 ♀ of the type-series; 1 nymph ♂ with the same data of type material, but coded as DZRJOrt0637 [ZUFMSORT00701] .

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Figure 24 ).

Remarks. Chromatic characters: The Figure 28B shows a subadult specimen of T. monnei sp. nov. in nature and highlights the absence of one of the main characteristics of the genus, namely the distinct color of the 7 th and 8 th abdominal tergites (yellow or red), which in only present in adult specimens.

Morphology: Hind leg of holotype absent.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Head of males and females in frontal view. A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E— Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H—Temnomastax tigris (Burr,1899). Scale bar = 2 mm (Female E—MNHN-EO-CAELIF 4052, photo by Simon Poulain, CNRS-MNHN).

FIGURE 5. Head of males and females in lateral view. Black spot = absence of vision plane. A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D— Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E—Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H—Temnomastax tigris (Burr, 1899). Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 6. Pronotum of males and females in lateral (uppercase letters) and dorsal (lowercase letters) views. Black spots = absence of vision plane. A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C— Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E—Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H—Temnomastax tigris (Burr,1899). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Tegmen (uppercase letters) and membranous wings (lowercase letters) of males of Temnomastax Rehn & Rehn, 1942. A—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; D—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); E—Temnomastax tigris (Burr, 1899), specimen from Bodoquena region; F—Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov. Ra—anterior radius; Rp—posterior radius; Sc-cell—formed by the division and posterior union of the subcosta (Sc). Apostropheintraspecific variation. Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 8. Abdominal apex of males in lateral (uppercase letters) and dorsal (lowercase letters) views. A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D— Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E—Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H—Temnomastax tigris (Burr, 1899). Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 10. Phallic complexes of species belonging to Latens group. Uppercase letters—dorsal view, lowercase letterslateral view. A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm (for dorsal view only).

FIGURE 12. Schematic drawings of the endophallic plate in ventral view (A–I) and endophallus in lateral view (a–h). A— Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E—Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H—Temnomastax tigris (Burr, 1899). I and i— Intraspecific variation in the anterior outer margin of the endophallic plate in T. tigris; I—specimens from Corumbá region; ispecimens from Bodoquena region. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 13. Abdominal apex of females in lateral view. A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E— Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H—Temnomastax tigris (Burr, 1899). Scale bar = 2 mm. (E—MNHN-EO-CAELIF 4052, photography by Simon Poulain, CNRS-MNHN).

FIGURE 14. Abdominal apex of females in dorsal view (cerci, paraprocts, and epiproct). A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio- Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E—Temnomastax descampsi Olivier sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G— Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H—Temnomastax tigris (Burr, 1899). Scale bar = 1 mm. (E—MNHN-EO-CAELIF 4052, photography by Simon Poulain, CNRS-MNHN).

FIGURE 15. Female subgenital plates in ventral view. A—Temnomastax borellii (Gilio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov.; E— Temnomastax descampsi sp. nov.; F—Temnomastax otavioi Olivier sp. nov.; G—Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973; H— Temnomastax tigris (Burr, 1899), specimen from Corumbá region. Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 18. Habitus of species belonging to Latens group. A—Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897); B—Temnomastax hamus Rehn & Rehn, 1942; C—Temnomastax latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942; D—Holotype and Allotype of Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov. Scale bar = 1cm.

FIGURE 24. Distribution map of Temnomastax borellii (Giglio-Tos, 1897) (black circle), Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov. (blue triangle) and Temnomastax ricardoi Descamps, 1973 (red quadrate).

FIGURE 28. Living specimens of Temnomastax cf. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942 (A) from Ponte Alta do Bom Jesus City, Tocantins state, Brazil, in 2012, and a nymph of Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov. (B) from Alto Paraíso de Goiás City, Goiás state, Brazil, in November 2012. (Photography by Rubens Araujo (A) and Gustavo Zaparoli (B)).

FIGURE 29. Living specimens of Temnomastax monnei Olivier sp. nov. from Alto Paraíso de Goiás City, Goiás state, Brazil, in November 2012. A—male, B—female. (Photography by Adriano Darosci (A) and Gustavo Zaparoli (B)).