Nemania diffusa (Sowerby) S.F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.: 517 (1821)

Pi, Yin Hui, Long, Si Han, Wu, You Peng, Liu, Li Li, Lin, Yan, Long, Qing De, Kang, Ji Chuan, Kang, Ying Qian, Chang, Chu Rui, Shen, Xiang Chun, Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Zhang, Xu & Li, Qi Rui, 2021, A taxonomic study of Nemania from China, with six new species, MycoKeys 83, pp. 39-67 : 39

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.83.69906

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7979F807-0FA7-5A95-B671-3796EC6D104C

treatment provided by

MycoKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Nemania diffusa (Sowerby) S.F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.: 517 (1821)
status

 

Nemania diffusa (Sowerby) S.F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.: 517 (1821)

Fig. 6 View Figure 6

Nemania diffusa Synonyms. Sphaeria diffusa Sowerby, Col. fig. Engl. Fung. Mushr. (London) 3(no. 25): tab. 373, fig. 10 (1802)

Sphaeria unita Fr., Elench. fung. (Greifswald) 2: 67 (1828)

Sphaeria exarata Schwein., Trans. Am. phil. Soc., New Series 4(2): 192 (1832)

Hypoxylon exaratum (Schwein.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 1: 392 (1882)

Ustulina linearis Rehm, Hedwigia 31(6): 310 (1892)

Hypoxylon lilacinofuscum Bres., Fl. Trident. Nov. 2: 43 (1892)

Hypoxylon cohaerens var. brasiliense Starbäck, Bih. K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl., Afd. 3 27(no. 9): 8 (1901)

Hypoxylon vestitum Petch, Ann. R. bot. Gdns Peradeniya 8: 156 (1924)

Nemania unita (Fr.) Krieglst. & Enderle, Mitteilungsblatt der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Pilzkunde Niederrhein 1: 64 (1989)

Description.

Saprobic on the surface of rotten wood. Sexual morph: Stromata effused-pulvinate, clear outline, ellipsoid or irregularly lobed, occasionally confluent into a larger compound stromata, 2-20 mm long × 2-9 mm wide × 0.5-1 mm thick, with conspicuous perithecial mounds, carbonaceous between the perithecia, surface dark brown or brown; the inter-perithecial tissue blackish, carbonaceous; does not release a coloured pigment in 10% KOH. Perithecia 0.3-0.55 diam. × 0.4-0.7 mm high, subglobose to obovoid. Ostioles finely conic-papillate, black, shiny. Asci 130-250 × 6-10 μm (av. = 170 × 8 μm, n = 30), 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, long-stipitate, the spore-bearing parts 70-90 µm, apically rounded with a J+ apical apparatus, 1.5-2.5 × 2-3.5 µm (av. = 2 × 2.6 µm, n = 30), tubular with a faint upper rim, bluing in Melzer’s Reagent. Ascospores 9.5-13 × 4.5-7 μm (av. = 11 × 5.5 μm, n = 30), unicellular, ellipsoid-inequilateral, with narrowly-rounded ends, smooth, brown to dark brown, with a conspicuous, straight germ slit spore-length to slightly less than spore-length on the ventral side; lacking a sheath and appendage; perispore indehiscent in 10% KOH. Asexual morph: Undetermined.

Culture characteristics.

Colonies grow on PDA at 25 °C for a week reaching a diameter of 5 cm. Colonies are cotton white in colour, flocculent or velvety, dense, circular, radial. On the reverse, white edge, light yellow in the middle. Not sporulating on OA nor on PDA.

Material examined.

China, Guizhou Province, Tongren City, Fanjingshan Nature Reserve (27°53'46.59"N, 108°431'16.29"E, altitude: 1058 m), on dead wood, 14 October 2020, Y.H. Pi, 2020FJS1 (GMB0072, KUN-HKAS 112686), living culture, GMBC0072; CHINA, Yunnan Province, Changning County: Lancang River Nature Reserve (21°54'17.44"N, 107°54'10.05"E, altitude: 1382 m), on dead wood, 1 October 2019, Y.H. Pi, 2019LC008 (GMB0071, KUN-HKAS 112658), living culture, GMBC0071 GoogleMaps .

Notes.

The new collection morphologically resembles N. diffusa ( Gray 1821), having effused-pulvinate carbonaceous stromata with inconspicuous perithecial mounds, brown to dark brown ellipsoid-inequilateral ascospores (9.5-13.5 × 5-6 µm), with narrowly-rounded ends and a long germ slit on the ventral side ( Granmo et al. 1999; Ju and Rogers 2002). Fournier et al. (2018) predicted that N. diffusa might be a species complex as it is difficult to identify, based solely on morphology, thus, it should be evaluated after extensive sampling and using DNA-based taxonomy. In phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, rpb2, β-tubulin and α-actin genes (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 ), new collections clearly showed its close kinship with N. diffusa . Only a 2% difference of ITS sequences existed between our strains and N. diffusa (HAST 91020401, authoritative strain). Therefore, we regard the new collection as N. diffusa . Nemania carbonacea Pouzar. can be confused with N. diffusa by having the same dark ascospores and nearly spore-length germ slits. However, N. carbonacea has white, soft stromatal tissue between the perithecia ( Ju and Rogers 2002).

Kingdom

Fungi

Phylum

Ascomycota

Class

Sordariomycetes

Order

Xylariales

Family

Xylariaceae

Genus

Nemania

Loc

Nemania diffusa (Sowerby) S.F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.: 517 (1821)

Pi, Yin Hui, Long, Si Han, Wu, You Peng, Liu, Li Li, Lin, Yan, Long, Qing De, Kang, Ji Chuan, Kang, Ying Qian, Chang, Chu Rui, Shen, Xiang Chun, Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Zhang, Xu & Li, Qi Rui 2021
2021
Loc

Nemania diffusa

S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.: 517 1821
1821