Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881

Suzuki, Yuya & Hisasue, Yu, 2024, Discovery of presumably introduced spiders, Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881 (Araneae, Liocranidae) and Boagrius qiong Lin & Li, 2022 (Araneae, Palpimanidae) on Chichi-jima Island, the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, Biodiversity Data Journal 12, pp. 121421-121421 : 121421

Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881

Oedignatha scrobiculata Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881 - Thorell (1881): 209, description of new species based on female holotype from Penang, Malaysia; specimen not examined); Gravely (1931): 268, figs. 18C-D (figures examined); Majumder and Tikader (1991): 116, figs. 240-245 (figures examined); Deeleman-Reinhold (2001): 267, figs. 348-356 (Synonyms of Oedignatha decorata and Phrurolithus ulopatulisus ; figures examined); Saaristo (2002): 9, figs. 18, 20 (figures examined); Tso et al. (2005): 46, figs. 1-3 (figures examined); Saaristo (2010): 61, figs. 6.8, 10 (figures examined); Jacquot et al. (2016) 323, figs. 2a-k (figures examined); Sankaran et al. (2019): 338, figs. 5A-E,H (Synonym of Castianeira bengalensis ; figures examined); Mbo and Haddad (2020): 327, figs. 1C-F (Synonym of Corinna nossibeensis ; figures examined); Caleb (2020): p. 15723, figs. 10A-F, 26G (figures examined); Koh et al. (2022): p. 194, 196, figs. of habitus and nest without numbers.

Oedignatha scrobiculata Oedignatha decorata Simon, 1897 - Simon (1897): 13 (description of female from Luzon; not examined)

Oedignatha scrobiculata Corinna nossibeensis Strand, 1907 - Strand (1907): 740 (description of female from Madagascar; not examined)

Oedignatha scrobiculata Castianeira bengalensis Biswas, 1984 - Biswas (1984): 120, figs. 4-6 (description of female from India; figures examined); Majumder and Tikader (1991): 141, figs. 297-301; Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: 396 (probably an Oedignatha ).

Oedignatha scrobiculata Phrurolithus ulopatulisus Barrion and Litsinger, 1995 - Barrion and Litsinger (1995): 174, figs. 100a-i, 101a-e (description of male and female from Luzon; figures examined)

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Yu Hisasue; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 6A391A50-CCDE-5B7D-A984-2B37154B96EA; Taxon: scientificName: Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881; order: Araneae; family: Liocranidae; genus: Oedignatha; specificEpithet: scrobiculata; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: T. Thorell; Location: islandGroup: Ogasawara Islands; island: Chichi-jima Island ; country: Japan; stateProvince: Tokyo; county: Ogasawara-mura; municipality: Susaki; decimalLatitude: 27.0727; decimalLongitude: 142.1916; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Yuya Suzuki; dateIdentified: 2024; Event: samplingProtocol: sifting; eventDate: 23-09-2023; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Yu Hisasue; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 814E3C9F-BCD4-5633-B964-F6F72D7B4609; Taxon: scientificName: Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881; order: Araneae; family: Liocranidae; genus: Oedignatha; specificEpithet: scrobiculata; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: T. Thorell; Location: islandGroup: Ogasawara Islands; island: Chichi-jima Island; country: Japan; stateProvince: Tokyo; county: Ogasawara-mura; municipality: Higashi-machi; locality: Mt. Ogami-yama ; decimalLatitude: 27.0967; decimalLongitude: 142.1975; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Yuya Suzuki; dateIdentified: 2024; Event: samplingProtocol: sifting; eventDate: 24-12-2023; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Male. Measurements. Body 4.80 long; carapace 2.53 long, 1.60 wide, 1.06 high. Eye diameter: AME 0.14, ALE 0.14, PME 0.09, PLE 0.09. Eye interdistances: AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.07, PME-PME 0.19, PME-PLE 0.18. Length of legs: I, 1.60 + 0.55 + 1.63 + 1.51 + 0.92 = 6.21; II, 1.45 + 0.53 + 1.18 + 1.14 + 0.71 = 5.01; III, 1.10 + 0.43 + 0.77 + 1.01 + 0.53 = 3.84; IV, 1.70 + 0.58 + 1.56 + 1.74 + 0.69 = 6.27. Abdomen 2.36 long, 1.50 wide, 1.35 high.

Carapace longer than wide, pitted entirely. Clypeus with conical hump in front of AME. Chelicerae geniculate anteriorly, with pair of spines on dorsal-prolateral side. Palp (Fig. 2 A-D): ventral process thumb-shaped, lightly pigmented; retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid, strongly pigmented, with dorsal apex sharper than ventral one; embolus long, filiform; tegular apophysis claw-shaped. Abdomen longer than wide. Anterior dorsum of abdomen sclerotised. Dorsum of abdomen entirely covered with scuta.

Colouration and markings (Fig. 3 A-C): carapace dark brown; chelicerae, labium, maxilla and sternum dark yellowish-brown; palp yellowish-brown; coxa and femora of legs dark greyish-brown; trochanter, patella, tibia, metatarsi and tarsi yellowish-brown; abdominal scuta dark brown with four pairs of light spots; ventral side of abdomen dark yellowish-brown.

Female. Measurements. Body 4.46 long; carapace 2.14 long, 1.49 wide, 0.89 high. Eye diameter: AME 0.13, ALE 0.15, PME 0.10, PLE 0.10. Eye interdistances: AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.19, PME-PLE 0.13. Length of legs: I, 1.75 + 0.69 + 1.66 + 1.33 + 0.79 = 6.22; II, 1.31 + 0.49 + 1.08 + 1.06 + 0.61 = 4.55; III, 0.98 + 0.46 + 0.77 + 1.03 + 0.58 = 3.82; IV, 1.58 + 0.63 + 1.54 + 1.73 + 0.77 = 6.25. Abdomen 2.15 long, 1.52 wide, 1.63 high.

General appearance same as the male. Female genitalia (Fig. 2 E-G): epigyne lacking membranous region; copulatory opening small, slit-like; spermathecae globular, separated; copulatory ducts indistinctive; fertilisation ducts short, curved.

Colouration and markings (Fig. 3 D-F, Fig. 4 A): same as the male.

Diagnosis

Oedignatha scrobiculata can be distinguished from congeners by the combination of the following characteristics: bifid retrolateral tibial apophysis (Fig. 2 C); blunt, finger-like ventral process of male palp (Fig. 2 D); absence of membranous area of epigyne (Fig. 2 E and F); internal genitalia lacking distinct copulatory ducts (Fig. 2 G); presence of four pairs of light spots on the dorsal abdominal scutum (Fig. 3 A, D and Fig. 4 A).

Distribution

India, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Taiwan. Introduced to Madagascar, Seychelles, Reunion, Germany. Probably introduced to Japan (Chichi-jima Island in the Ogasawara Islands, Tokyo: Fig. 1 ) (World Spider Catalog 2024, present study).

Figures

Figure 1. Map showing the locality of Chichi-jima Island, where Oedignatha scrobiculata and Boagrius qiong were recorded.

Figure 2. Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881; A-D m ale left palp (TKPM-AR 3191), ventral view (A), retrolateral view (B), magnified retrolateral view of retrolateral tibial apophysis (C), magnified ventral view of ventral process (D); E-G female genitalia (TKPM-AR 3193), ventral view of epigyne (E), ventral view of epigyne (dissected) (F), dorsal view of internal genitalia (G).

Figure 3. Habitus of Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881 from Chichi-jima Island, Japan. A-C male (TKPM-AR 3191); D-F female (TKPM-AR 3193); dorsal view (A, D); lateral view (left legs removed) (B, E); ventral view (C, F).

Figure 4. Live spiders and the habitats of Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881 and Boagrius qiong Lin & Li, 2022 on Chichi-jima Island, Japan. A female of O. scrobiculata (TKPM-AR 3193); B male of Boagrius qiong Lin & Li, 2022 (TKPM-AR 3219). C, D habitats at Mt. Ogami-yama, Chichi-jima Island.