Ortholasmatinae Shear & Gruber, 1983

SCHÖNHOFER, AXEL L., 2013, Axel L. Schönhofer, Zootaxa 3679 (1), pp. 1-68 : 24-26

Subfamily Ortholasmatinae Shear & Gruber, 1983

Ortholasmatinae Shear & Gruber, 1983: 13 ; type genus Ortholasma Banks, 1894a by original designation;— Shear 2006: 192; Shear 2010a: 15.

Remarks. Gruber (1976) suggested organising Nemastomatidae in only two subfamilies which Martens (1978) followed, giving a new definition of Kratochvíl’s (1958) Nemastomatinae . Martens (1978) stated Ortholasmatinae to be officially described by Gruber, who effected this in 1983 together with Shear. Shear and Gruber (1983) considered the names ending in “-lasma” as derived from Dicranolasma , therefore neuter, and changed endings of species names accordingly.

The Ortholasmatinae were partly revised by Shear (2010a), who expected more undiscovered species to occur in Central America and Asia, some of them presently studied.

Genus Cladolasma Suzuki, 1963 (2 species)

Cladolasma Suzuki, 1963: 40 ; Shear 2010a: 17; type species Cladolasma parvula Suzuki, 1963 by monotypy and original designation.

Remarks. Suzuki (1974b) synonymised Cladolasma with Dendrolasma when he was able to compare adult specimens of both genera. Revising the Ortholasmatinae , Shear (2010a) re-established Cladolasma for the Asian species.

Etymology. Gender neuter; Greek from “klados” (branch), referring to the multi-branched hood, and “elasma” (plate), both in reference to Dendrolasma .

angka ( Schwendinger & Gruber, 1992) ; loc. typ.: Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, Doi Inthanon National Park. Dendrolasma angka Schwendinger & Gruber, 1992: 57 .

Cladolasma angka — Shear 2010a: 17.

parvulum Suzuki, 1963 ; loc. typ.: Japan, Shikoku, Ehime, Mt. Ishizuchi.

Cladolasma parvula Suzuki, 1963: 41 .

Dendrolasma parvula — Suzuki 1974b: 122.

Dendrolasma parvulum — Shear & Gruber, 1983: 60.

Cladolasma parvulum — Shear 2010a: 17.

Genus Dendrolasma Banks, 1894a (2 species)

Dendrolasma Banks, 1894a: 12 ; type species Dendrolasma mirabilis Banks, 1894a by monotypy.

Etymology. Gender neuter; from Greek “dendron” (tree), referring to the multi-branched hood, and “elasma” (plate).

mirabile Banks, 1894a ; loc. typ.: USA, Washington, Olympia.

Dendrolasma mirabilis Banks, 1894a: 12 .

Dendrolasma mirabile — Martens 1978: 38; Shear & Gruber 1983: 51 (redescr.).

dentipalpe Shear & Gruber, 1983: 58 ; loc. typ.: USA, California, Humboldt Co., Carlotta.

Genus Martensolasma Shear, 2006 (1 species)

Martensolasma Shear, 2006: 192 ; type species Martensolasma jocheni Shear, 2006 by monotypy and original designation.

Etymology. Gender neuter; formed from “Martens” (German opilionologist) and „elasma“.

jocheni Shear, 2006: 193 ; typ. loc.: Mexico, Aguascalientes, Ciudad Aguascalientes.

Genus Ortholasma Banks, 1894a (5 species)

Ortholasma Banks, 1894a: 11 ; type species Ortholasma rugosa Banks, 1894a by monotypy.

Etymology. Gender neuter; combination of Greek “orthos” (straight), referring to the hood pointing horizontally, and “elasma” (plate).

colossus Shear, 2010a: 19; loc. typ.: USA, California, Tulare Co., Sequoia National Park, Bear Den Cave.

coronadense Cockerell, 1916 ; loc. typ.: USA, California, Coronado Islands, South Island.

Ortholasma coronadense Cockerell, 1916: 158 .

Ortholasma coronadensis — Roewer 1923: 649.

Ortholasma setulipes Shear & Gruber, 1983: 38 ;—syn. Shear & Gruber 1987: 135.

levipes Shear & Gruber, 1983: 31; loc. typ.: USA, California, San Luis Obispo Co., Los Padres National Forest, La

Panza, Navajo Camp.

pictipes Banks, 1911 ; loc. typ.: USA, California, Humboldt Co. (Humboldt Co. specified by Shear & Gruber 1983: 25 (redescr.)).

Ortholasma pictipes Banks, 1911: 417 ;— Shear & Gruber 1983: 25 (redescr.).

rugosum Banks, 1894a ; loc. typ.: USA, Central California. Remarks. Shear and Gruber (1983: 15) restricted the type locality of rugosum to Central California. However, the type locality may be further specified, as they reported the syntype series of rugosum to include specimens of levipes, both known to co-occur in Sonoma County, only.

Ortholasma rugosa Banks, 1894a: 12 ; Roewer 1923: 648.

Ortholasma rugosum — Shear & Gruber 1983: 15 (redescr.).

Genus Trilasma Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 (9 species)

Trilasma Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942: 7 ; type species Trilasma bolivari Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 by monotypy and original designation;— Shear 2010a: 11.

Ruaxphilos Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945: 249 ; type species Ruaxphilos petrunkevitchou Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945 by monotypy and original designation;—syn. Gruber 1978: 106.

Remarks. Shear and Gruber (1983: 42) stated that they synonymised Ruaxphilos , effected earlier by Gruber (1978: 106), who tentatively assigned Ruaxphilos petrunkevitchou to Ortholasma bolivari .

Etymology. Gender neuter; combination of Greek “tria” (three) and „elasma“ (plate), referring to the three linear hood elements.

bolivari Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 ; loc. typ.: Mexico, Puebla, Rio Friu.

Trilasma bolivari Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942: 7 ;— Shear 2010a: 38.

Ortholasma bolivari — Shear & Gruber 1983: 42 (redescr.).

Ruaxphilos petrunkevitchou Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945: 250 ;—syn. Gruber 1978: 106; Shear 2010a: 26. Remarks. Shear (2010a: 26) questioned the assignment of petrunkevitchou to bolivari because the localities seem very distant from each other.

chipinquensis Shear, 2010a: 37; loc. typ.: Mexico, Nuevo Léon, Monterrey, Chipinque Mesa.

hidalgo Shear, 2010a: 39; loc. typ.: Mexico, Hidalgo, Pachuco, El Chico.

petersprousei Shear, 2010a: 35; loc. typ.: Mexico, San Luis Potosí, S Aquismón, Hoya de las Guaguas.

ranchonuevo Shear, 2010a: 27; loc. typ.: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Rancho Nuevo.

sbordonii Šilhavý, 1973: 191; loc. typ.: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Gomez Farias, Cueva de la Perra. Remarks. Trilasma sbordoni differs in many respects from other Trilasma and also Ortholasma , as e.g. in exhibiting long, blade-like spines on a penial glans that seems inflated in comparison to the truncus ( Šilhavý, 1973). Further investigation is recommended if sbordonii is to be treated as an independent lineage.

tempestado Shear, 2010a: 32; loc. typ.: Mexico, Nuevo Léon, S San Josecito, Cueva de Polvo Tempestado.

trispinosum Shear, 2010a: 29; loc. typ.: Mexico, Veracruz, Puerto del Aire.

tropicum Shear, 2010a: 41; loc. typ.: Honduras, “Las Ventas”. Remarks. Shear (2010a) could not locate Las

Ventas in Honduras and advised to treat the geographical information with care.