Philonthus atratus (Gravenhorst)

Pietrykowska-Tudruj, Ewa & Staniec, Bernard, 2011, The morphology of the pupae of six species of Philonthina (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini) with taxonomic remarks, Zootaxa 2865, pp. 53-67 : 58

Philonthus atratus (Gravenhorst)

( Figs 7–9 , 21–25 , 45–46, 54, 59, 65)

Body length: 5.71–6.23 mm (mean 6.00 mm); body width: 2.41–2.50 mm (mean 2.44 mm); head width: 1.38–1.43 mm (mean 1.40 mm); pronotum width: 1.67–1.74 mm (mean 1.70 mm), about as broad as long; body rather slender and moderately sclerotized. Head about 1.3 x as long as wide ( Figs 7–9 ). Antennae almost reaching to middle of elytra length ( Fig. 8 ). Anterior margin of pronotum with 13–14 or 16 projections (7/6, 7/7, 8/8 projections on sides in individuals). The wings protruding on the posterior margin of 1st (morphologically 3rd) clearly visible, abdominal segment as in G. o s s e t i c u s and P. carbonarius ( Figs 4, 5 , 7, 8, 10, 11 ). Each fore, middle, and hind tibiae with 2–4, 9 and 5 protuberances respectively. The length of hind legs as in P. carbonarius ( Figs 7, 8, 10, 11 ). Abdomen moderately and gradually widened from segment II to segment IV and narrowed to the terminal segment of the body ( Fig. 9 ). Abdominal segments III–VIII, or only VII and VIII, each with a pair of setiform projections on the sides ( Figs 21–25 ). If abdominal segments III–VI bearing setiform projections, then those at least 4 x shorter than the appropriate segment ( Figs 23, 25 ). Abdominal segments VII about 1.2–1.3 times longer than projections ( Fig. 21 ); abdominal segments VIII distinctly shorter than projection ( Fig. 22 ); projections with sparse, sharp cuticular processes ( Fig. 24 ). Female pupa with two well-developed ventral, elongated, straight prolongations (Figs 45, 45A) with numerous tiny cuticular processes (Fig. 45 A); male pupa with sternite IX as in Fig. 46; terminal prolongation similar in structure to G. osseticus (Figs 43, 43B). The first pair of functional spiracles elongated moderately ( Figs 54, 59 ); atrophied spiracles as in Fig. 65 .

Figures

FIGURES 7 – 12. Pupa of Philonthus atratus (7 – 9) and P. carbonarius (10 – 12). (7, 10) Ventral aspect, (8, 11) lateral aspect, (9, 12) dorsal aspect.

FIGURES 19 – 40. Pupa of Gabrius osseticus (19, 20), Philonthus atratus (21 – 25), P. carbonarius (26 – 32), P. debilis (33 – 35) and P. decorus (36 – 40). (19, 21, 26, 27, 36) Lateral part of segment VII with microstructure (19 A, 26 A) and spine (27); (20, 22, 33, 39, 40) lateral part of segment VIII with microstructure (39 A) and spine (40); (23, 24, 28, 29) lateral part of segment IV with spine (24, 29); (25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38) lateral part of segment V with microstructure (34 A) and spine (32, 35, 38).

FIGURES 1 – 6. Pupa of Bisnius fimentarius (1 – 3) and Gabrius osseticus (4 – 6). (1, 4) Ventral aspect, (2, 5) lateral aspect, (3, 6) dorsal aspect.

FIGURES 52 – 70. Pupa of Bisnius fimentarius (52, 61, 62), Gabrius osseticus (53, 58, 63, 64), Philonthus atratus (54, 59, 65), P. carbonarius (55, 66), P. debilis (56, 60, 68 – 70) and P. d e c o r u s (57, 67). (52 – 60) The first pair of functional spiracles; (61 – 70) atrophied spiracles.