Udzungwomyia morogoro Grichanov, 2018

Grichanov, I. Ya., 2018, A new genus and species of subfamily Medeterinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tanzania, Far Eastern Entomologist 350, pp. 9-16 : 12-16

Udzungwomyia morogoro Grichanov , sp. n.

Figs 1–10

TYPE MATERIAL. Holotype – ♂, Tanzania: Morogoro Reg., Udzungwa Mt. N. P.,

Mito Mitatu, 7°50'14.3''S, 36°50'46.8''E, 1207 m, Malaise trap #1, 11.XI 2013, T.Pape & N .

Scharff leg. [ ZMUC; dried and mounted on pin]. Paratypes (mostly in alcohol): Tanzania :

Morogoro Reg., Udzungwa Mt. N. P., Mito Mitatu , 7°50'14.3''S, 36°50'46.8''E, 1207 m,

Malaise trap #1, 11.XI 2013, 1♂, 4♀, T. Pape & N. Scharff leg. [ ZIN; 1♀ dried and mounted on pin; 1♂, 1♀ in glycerol within microvials, mounted on pins]; Morogoro Reg., Udzungwa

Mt. N. P., Mito Mitatu, 7°50'15.1''S, 36°50'49.9''E, 1198 m, Malaise trap #2, 23.XII 2013,

2♀, T. Pape & N. Scharff leg. [ ZIN]; Morogoro Reg., Udzungwa Mt. N. P., Mito Mitatu ,

7°50'14.3''S, 36°50'46.8''E, 1207 m, Malaise trap #1, 7.X 2013, 3♀, T. Pape & N. Scharff leg.

[ ZIN]; Morogoro Reg., Udzungwa Mt. N. P., Mito Mitatu , 7°50'14.3''S, 36°50'46.8''E , 1207

m, Malaise trap #1, 2 and 18 II 2013, 25 and 30 IX 2013, 6♂, 9♀, T. Pape & N. Scharff leg.

[ ZMUC]; Morogoro Reg., Udzungwa Mt. N. P., Mito Mitatu , 7°50'15.1''S, 36°50'49.9''E ,

1198 m, Malaise trap #2, 16, 23 and 30 IX 2013, 7 and 14 X 2013, 7♂, 4♀, T.Pape & N .

Scharff leg. [ ZMUC].

DESCRIPTION. Male. Head ( Fig. 2 ): vertex and frons black, weakly pollinose, with black major bristles; face black, greyish brown pollinose; vertex not excavated; upper occiput concave; vertical bristle black, strong and long, positioned on anterior slope of head; short postvertical seta as a linear continuation of postocular setal row; one pair of strong ocellar bristles with adjacent pair of hairs; single row of fine white simple postoculars decreasing in size upward; eyes with short hairs between facets below, with microscopic hairs above; face under antenna and clypeus about 2 times as wide as postpedicel height, narrowing at middle;

face 10 times as high as face width in middle; facial suture distinct; antenna about as long as head height, black; scape and pedicel small, simple; pedicel with ring of apical setulae of approximately equal length; postpedicel as large as pedicel, semiglobular, with indistinct apex, as long as high, white pubescent; stylus preapical, filiform, shortly haired, with its 1st

segment being very short. Length ratio (in mm) of scape to pedicel to postpedicel to stylus

(1st and 2nd segments), 0.06/0.08/0.08/0.04/0.85. Palpus black, small, oval, dark haired, with black apical seta; proboscis thick, projected, light haired.

Thorax mat, brown-black, weakly pollinose, with black setae; posterior third of mesonotum distinctly flattened; anterior third of mesonotum haired, 2 pairs of scutellars with lateral setae being very short; 1 white propleural seta just above fore coxa.

Legs long and slender, mainly orange yellow; setae and setulae black except as noted;

mid and hind coxae black except orange apex; fore and mid coxae with short simple anterior cilia; hind coxa with 1 strong lateral bristle at middle; claws on all legs small and black, pulvilli white; fore leg devoid of bristles, but fore tibia with 2–3 short apical setae; mid femur simple, with short fine anterior preapical seta; mid tibia with 1 anterior and 3–4 apical setae;

tarsomeres 1–4 with short apicals; hind femur simple, with anterior preapical seta, as long as diameter of femur; hind tibia swollen at apex, with 4–5 short dorsals behind middle, 1 black dorsoapical and 2 long thick golden apicals of unequal length; hind basitarsus ( Fig. 3 ) with basiventral process and row of short ventrals, nearly as long as diameter of tarsomere;

tarsomeres 1–4 with short apicals; leg length ratio (from femur to tarsomere 5, in mm): fore leg: 0.89/0.90/0.65/0.53/0.36/0.18/0.14, mid leg: 1.02/1.27/0.92/0.54/0.33/0.17/0.09, hind leg: 1.18/1.42/0.40/0.72/0.43/0.21/0.10.

Wing ( Fig. 4 ) hyaline, with brown veins; R2+3 and R4+5 gradually diverging to wing apex; R4+5 and M1+2 slightly converging on distal half, subparallel at wing apex. M1+2

upturned beyond dm-cu, then straight, joining costa beyond wing apex; ratio of part of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to this between R4+5 and M1+2 to dm-cu to distal part of CuA1 (in

mm), 0.35/0.19/0.20/0.38. Crossvein dm-cu almost straight, forming right angles with CuA1

and with M1+2 longitudinal veins, slightly shorter than maximum distance between R4+5

and M1+2 veins. Anal vein fold-like; narrow anal lobe present; alula absent; posterior wing margin between A and CuA1 straight, then forming distinct bulge immediately before CuA1.

Lower calypter light brownish, with light setae. Halter brownish yellow.

view; 3 – male hind basitarsus; 4 – male wing; 5 – female habitus; 6 – female wing.

Abdomen conoid (dorsal aspect), mat, brown-black, laterally grey pollinose, with black hairs and setae along tergal margins; tergum 1 with longish marginal setae; terga 1–6 and sterna 2–6 well developed; sternum 5 forming hood posteriorly; sternum 6 bare, covered with microtrichia posteriorly; tergum 7 semicircular, very narrow, symmetrically lying along posterior margin of tergum 6, bare, ending laterally with minute plates (sternum 7) covered with microtrichia; segment 8 large, rounded, with short ventral process, covering basal side of epandrium, covered with sparse setae. Hypopygium ( Figs 7–9 ) including cerci entirely black, with light cilia; epandrium globular, basally asymmetrical, as long as high (lateral aspect), with symmetrical appendages, covered with small hairs on basal half; foramen large,

positioned basally between basal asymmetrical epandrial projections; hypandrium midventral,

bifurcated from base, with two long and thin arms; phallus simple, long and thin distally;

epandrial lobe broad, fused with ventral side of epandrium, with strong preapical seta; surstylus projected, bilobate, with subequal in length dorsal and ventral arms, covered with setae as figured; ventral arm fused to epandrium; cercus small, ovate, with blunt apex, covered with small hairs, bearing several simple setae dorsally and apically; cerci not fused.

MEASUREMENTS (in mm). Body length without antennae 3.31; antenna length 1.06;

wing length 2.65; wing width 0.97.

hypopygium, ventral view; 9 – hypopygium, dorsal view; 10 – female oviscapt, dorsal view.

Female. Similar to male except lacking MSSC. Face wider, nearly 7 times as high as wide in middle; legs simple, with short setae; abdomen with 5 visible segments; oviscapt

( Fig. 10 ) divided into 2 narrow acanthophorites, each bearing 1 thick seta and 4 long simple setae; cercus fingerlike, projected, with 2 apical long seta and several setulae; anal plate (not figured) weakly sclerotized, semicircular, adjacent to lateral processes covered with hairs.

MEASUREMENTS (in mm). Body length without antennae 2.94; wing length 2.75;

wing width 0.96.

ETYMOLOGY. The species is named after the Morogoro Region of Tanzania, where the type series was collected .

The use of general keys to dolichopodid genera (Bickel, 2009; Grichanov & Brooks,

2017) leads Udzungwomyia gen. n. to a peloropeodine genus Micromorphus Mik, 1878 . New genus well differs from this and other genera of the subfamily Peloropeodinae in many characters, first of all in distinct facial suture; postpedicel as large as pedicel, semiglobular,

with indistinct apex; stylus preapical; legs with rather short major bristles; hind basitarsus much shorter than next segment; postabdomen nearly symmetrical, with epandrial foramen positioned basally; genitalia mostly exposed.

The following character states place Udzungwomyia gen. n. in the Medeterinae (Yang et al., 2006) : occiput weakly convex backward; upper occiput distinctly concave; eyes with tiny hairs; male eyes separated on face; male face narrow at middle; vertex not excavated; vertical seta nearly at level of oculus; postocular bristles one-rowed; antennal stylus apical or subapical; mesonotum with flat mid-posterior slope; propleuron not haired, only with separate bristles on mid-lower portion; strong dorsocentrals decreasing in size anteriorly; hairs on legs uniformly short; hind coxa with 1 outer bristle at middle; anal cell absent; anal vein weak;

male abdominal segment 6 large triangular, with hairs and bristles (but mostly concealed,

glabrous in Udzungwomyia ); male genitalia mostly exposed; surstylus strongly developed and distinctly divided; apical subepandrial processes absent and postgonite indistinct; cercus usually thickened basally.

The following character states are common to Udzungwomyia gen. n. and Neomedetera ,

distinguishing them from other Medeterinae : male face narrow, narrowing in middle; mid and hind femora with anterior preapical bristles; female terga 9+10 divided medially into 2

hemitergites, each bearing only one thick spine.

Mesonotal setation is not significantly reduced in both sexes in comparison with the

Medetera generic concept (Bickel, 1985, 1987b). However, Udzungwomyia gen. n. has totally lost acrostichal setae, thus being close to Pharcoura , Hurleyella and Babindella . Wing anal vein is fold-like in Udzungwomyia gen. n., but distinct in Medetera . Vein M is upturned beyond dm-cu, then straight, joining costa beyond wing apex in Udzungwomyia gen. n., and

R4+5 and M1+2 only slightly converge on distal half, subparallel at wing apex, in contrast to species of all other medeterine genera. In addition, male segment 6 is bare in Udzungwomyia gen. n., being setose in other genera. Segment 7 is reduced, devoid of setae in Babindella and

Udzungwomyia gen. n. Nikitella male also has remarkably reduced segment 7, but being covered with short setae, and differing in reduced segment 8 and large rugose epandrium.

It is worth noting that Cryptopygiella males have totally lost abdominal segments 7 and

8. The Babindella flies are tiny yellowish, lacking acrostichals, with M and R 4+5 veins nearly straight and subparallel at apex; lateral scutellar setae absent, segments 7 and 8 fused, but segment 8 well developed (Bickel, 1987a). Pharcoura , Neomedetera and Hurleyella have been described with nearly symmetrical male postabdomen, with foramen positioned baso-

ventrally, but having well developed segments 7 and/or 8; they also have many other striking characters, strongly differing from Udzungwomyia gen. n., Babindella and Nikitella . See further discussion in Runyon & Robinson (2010).

The genus Udzungwomyia gen. n., as well as other genera with nearly symmetrical male postabdomen, has obviously nothing to do with extant and extinct genera of medeterine tribes Systenini and Thrypticini (Grichanov, 2011b; Grichanov et al., 2014). Moreover, I think that some of those genera are paraphyletic to Medeterini or even to Medeterinae .

Regarding the position of Babindella , the features of male and female genitalia are also found in other medeterine genera with epandrial foramen positioned basally, and are there-

fore not characteristic for that genus. What is more important is that they do not represent apomorphies that should support the erection of a new subfamily. Hence there seems no true basis for the subfamily Babindellinae , that might not only prove paraphyletic at best but also add to the current complexity in Medeterinae . In addition, brown or even reddish-yellow body lacking metallic shine is not unique in the subfamily and can be found in species of e.g.

Grootaertia Grichanov, 1999 and Saccopheronta Becker, 1914 (= aberrans group of Medetera ). In order to provide true evidence for the integration of Babindellinae and Medeterinae or further split-up of the latter subfamily in separate lineages, molecular data are of paramount importance.

Figures

Figs. 1–6. Udzungwomyia morogoro, sp. n. 1 – male habitus; 2 – male head, anterior

Figs. 7–10. Udzungwomyia morogoro, sp. n. 7 – hypopygium, left lateral view; 8 –