Pholcus erawan Huber, 2011
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2016.190 |
publication LSID |
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BE92596B-62D9-46CD-8486-CF6B36C640B11 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6076778 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F7187D5-4E42-703A-FD90-C584C851F933 |
treatment provided by |
Jeremy |
scientific name |
Pholcus erawan Huber, 2011 |
status |
|
Pholcus erawan Huber, 2011 View in CoL
Figs 13–16 View Figs 9 – 16 , 39–48 View Figs 39 – 48
Pholcus erawan Huber, 2011: 297 View in CoL –298, figs 1374–1375, 1404–1405, 1466–1470 (♂♀).
Diagnosis
Easily distinguished from putatively closest known relatives (other species in the halabala core group) by absence of dorsal flap on procursus, by long whitish process of male palpal tarsus (fig. 1467 in Huber 2011), by unique shapes of bulbal processes (fig. 1644 in Huber 2011), and by much longer than wide female internal genitalia and small oval pore plates (fig. 1470 in Huber 201 1).
New material examined
THAILAND: 8 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀, ZFMK (7 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀, AR 15016–17 ) GoogleMaps and PSUZC (1 ♂, 1 ♀), Kanchanaburi, Erawan National Park (14°22.2' N, 99°08.75' E), 85 m a.s.l., forest along stream, on leaves, 15 Mar. 2015 (B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad) GoogleMaps ; 2 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Mal 378 ), same data GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZFMK ( Ar 15018 ), Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Nan National Park (8°46.2' N, 98°48.1' E), 250–300 m a.s.l., on leaves in forest, 9 Mar. 2015 (B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, ZFMK ( Ar 15019 ), same data, collected penultimate, adult on 11 Mar. 2015 GoogleMaps ; 3 juvs, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Mal 345 ), same data GoogleMaps ; 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, ZFMK ( Ar 15020 ), Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Nan National Park (8°46.23' N, 98°48.27' E), 100 m a.s.l., on palm leaves near park buildings, 9 Mar. 2015 (B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, ZFMK ( Ar 15021 ), same data, collected penultimate, adult on 12 Mar. 2015 GoogleMaps ; 2 ♂♂, ZFMK ( Ar 15022 ), Krabi , Khao Phanom Bencha National Park, trails near headquarters (8°14.1' N, 98°55.1' E), 150–300 m a.s.l., on leaves, 8 Mar. 2015 (B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad) GoogleMaps ; 4 ♀♀, 4 juvs, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Mal 340 ), same data GoogleMaps .
MALAYSIA: 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, ZFMK ( Ar 15023 ), Kedah, Gunung Jerai, forest near Sri Perigi Waterfall (5°48.3' N, 100°24.6' E), 100–200 m a.s.l., on leaves, 27 Feb. 2015 (B.A. Huber) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀, 6 juvs, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Mal 291 ), same data GoogleMaps ; 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 1 juv., ZFMK ( Ar 15024 ), Pulau Pinang, Penang National Park near Teluk Bahang (5°27.7' N, 100°12.1' E), 10–50 m a.s.l., on leaves, 28 Feb. 2015 (B.A. Huber) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, ZFMK ( Ar 15025 ), same data, collected penultimate, adult on 2 Mar. 2015 GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv., in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Mal 296 ), same data GoogleMaps .
Description – amendments
Carapace pattern slightly variable, ranging from two separate V-marks ( Fig. 15 View Figs 9 – 16 ) to medially fused V-marks to almost completely fused single posterior mark ( Fig. 14 View Figs 9 – 16 ). Females and juveniles with more delicate V-marks. Sternum coloration also slightly variable, from almost monochromous whitish to small black posterior marks (males) and larger black posterior marks (females). Tibia 1 in 21 males: 6.3–8.1 (mean 7.1); in 20 females: 5.8–6.7 (mean 6.3). In most males, except those from the type locality ( Erawan ), the ventro-distal sclerite of the procursus is slightly more pointed than illustrated in Huber 2011 (fig. 1467). Male ocular area with dense brush of stronger hairs, but without spines ( Fig. 43 View Figs 39 – 48 ); tarsus 4 comb-hairs of the simplified Pholcus - type (cf. Huber & Fleckenstein 2008), with three lateral tines ( Fig. 46 View Figs 39 – 48 ); procursus with retrolateral distal pocket ( Fig. 41 View Figs 39 – 48 ); distal male cheliceral apophyses with two cone-shaped teeth (modified hairs) each ( Fig. 39 View Figs 39 – 48 ); gonopore with four epiandrous spigots ( Fig. 44 View Figs 39 – 48 ); ALS with one widened, one pointed, and six smaller cylindrically shaped spigots of varying sizes ( Fig. 45 View Figs 39 – 48 ; pointed spigot damaged in this spinneret).
Natural history
As noted above, Ph. erawan was sometimes found at the same localities as Ph. halabala but on monocot rather than dicot leaves. Only at Erawan , this species seemed to occur on all kinds of leaves, preferably (but not only) large ones. At Khao Nan, Ph. erawan was found on palm leaves both in the forest and in the garden near the park buildings. At Penang, specimens were found both on green leaves and on dead brown leaves still attached to the plant. Small silk tufts were observed in the webs at most localities. At night (at Erawan ), spiders were observed moving among the vegetation.
Distribution
Widely distributed on the Malay Peninsula, reaching northern Laos ( Fig. 17 View Fig. 17 ).
ZFMK |
Germany, Bonn, Zoologische Forschungsinstitut und Museum "Alexander Koenig" |
PSUZC |
PSUZC |
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