Cybaeopsis lodovicii, Ballarin & Pantini, 2022

Ballarin, Francesco & Pantini, Paolo, 2022, An unexpected occurrence: discovery of the genus Cybaeopsis Strand, 1907 in Europe with the description of a new species from Italy (Arachnida, Araneae, Amaurobiidae), Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2), pp. 377-385 : 377

Cybaeopsis lodovicii sp. nov.

Figs 1A-H , 2A-F , 3A-D , 5G

Type material.

Holotype ♂ ITALY: Liguria: Genova, Mezzanego, Giaiette, 850 m, (44°25'03"N, 9°28'08"E), beechwood, pitfall trap, 31 Oct. 2009-25 May 2010, O. Lodovici, P. Pantini & M. Valle leg.

Paratypes: ITALY: Liguria: 1♂, 4♀♀, same data as the holotype; 2♀♀, same locality, 25 May-18 Aug. 2010 • 1♀, Foresta Demaniale Monte Zatta, ex colonia Devoto, 1050 m, beechwood, pitfall traps 31 Oct 2009-25 May 2010 • 2♀♀, same locality, 25 May-18 Aug. 2010, all O. Lodovici, P. Pantini & M. Valle leg.

Etymology.

The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of our colleague and friend Omar Lodovici (Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali of Bergamo, Italy).

Diagnosis.

Male of the new species can be distinguished from male of C. theoblicki and C. typicus by the different shape and number of the dorsal apophyses of the palpal tibia (Da): four Da with Da2 and Da3 long and Da2 ending wider in C. lodovicii sp. nov. (vs. only three Da in C. theoblicki and Da2 shorter with a sharp end and Da3 very short in both C. theoblicki and C. typicus ). In addition, C. lodovicii sp. nov. can be distinguished by the absence of strongly protruding prolateral and retrolateral tegular outgrowths (Pto and Rto) (vs. strongly protruding Pto in C. typicus or Rto in C. theoblicki ) (Figs 1A-D , 3A, B cf. Fig. 4A-D and Bosmans 2021: figs 35, 36). Female of C. lodovicii sp. nov. can be distinguished from female of C. theoblicki and C. typicus by the different shape of the internal pockets (Ip) and lateral lobes (Ll): rectangular Ll with comma-like and laterally elongated Ip (vs. shorter, more squared Ll with shorter and stockier Ip in C. theoblicki or more rounded Ll and Ip in C. typicus (Figs 2A, B, D , 3C cf. Bosmans 2021: figs 34-41).

The different number and shape of Da and Ll quickly distinguish male and female C. lodovicii sp. nov. from the American congeners (for comparison see Leech 1972: figs 85-101).

Description.

(the specimens are in rather poor condition and the coloration may be different in freshly collected samples). Male (holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 2E . Total length: 3.25. Carapace 1.55 long, 0.95 wide. Carapace brownish with dorsal slightly darker radiating strips, fovea clearly visible. Cephalic area as in Fig. 3D , darker than thoracic part. Chelicerae dark brown, frontally swollen with 3 posterior and 6 anterior teeth. Eyes sizes and their interdistances: AME = 0.07, ALE = 0.1, PME = 0.06, PLE = 0.1, AME-ALE = 0.01, PME-PLE = 0.08. Legs uniformly brownish. Length of legs segments (for legs II-IV only femora are available for the measurements): I (0.96, 0.44, 0.88, 0.83, 0.61), II (0.95, -), III (0.93, -), IV (1.13, -). Leg formula: IV, I, II, III. Spination as in Table 1 . Opisthosoma brown-greyish with lighter chevrons marks on the dorsal side. Palp as in Figs 1A-H , 3A, B . Palpal femur and patella light brown-yellowish, tibia and tarsus dark brown. Femur approx. 1 and half the length of tibia. Tibia with several long retrolateral setae and 4 dorsal apophyses (Da1-4, Figs 1E, F , 3A ). Da1 long and curved heading first retrolaterally and then frontally, proximal part wider and flatter, distal part thin and sharp. Da2 long and thin, headed frontal-retrolaterally and curving ventrally toward the RTA, tip enlarged and with a small notch ending sharply (Fig. 1G ). Da3 thin and sharp, headed frontally with an S-shaped course, Da4 short and sharp, headed frontally. RTA elongated and sturdy, approx. as long as tibia, bent dorsally, slightly forked at the tip. Ventral tibial apophysis (Va) short and blunt. Cymbium as long as tibia. Bulb round and dorsoventrally flattened. Median apophysis (Ma) of bulb trapezoid and sturdy with 2 blunt subdivisions headed posteriorly and retrolaterally. Prolateral tegular outgrowth (Pto) inconspicuous. Retrolateral tegular outgrowth (Rto) wide and flat. Both tegular outgrowths only slightly protruding from tegulum. Conductor (Co) wide. Embolus (Em) short and sturdy, ribbon-like, approx. as long as the conductor, distal part with a slightly S-shaped course (Fig. 3A, B ).

Female. Habitus as in Fig. 2F . Total length: 3.04. Carapace 1.35 long, 0.83 wide. Coloration as in male, chevrons on the opisthosoma more visible than in the male. Chelicera with 3 posterior and 5 anterior teeth. Eyes sizes and their interdistances: AME = 0.04, ALE = 0.1, PME = 0.07, PLE = 0.12, AME-ALE = 0.02, PME-PLE = 0.13. Length of legs segments (leg III missing): I 2.94 (0.86, 0.4, 0.65, 0.57, 0.46), II 2.68 (0.96, 0.25, 0.57, 0.53, 0.37), III (-), IV 3.04 (0.85, 0.4, 0.67, 0.72, 0.4).

Leg spination as in Table 1 . Calamistrum clearly visible, about 2/3 of metatarsus length. Other characters as in male. Epigyne as in Figs 2A-D , 3C . Epigynal plate divided into two lateral lobes (Ll) and a septum. Copulatory openings (Co) located in the antero-median inner part of lateral lobes. Internal pockets (Ip) of lateral lobes wide, comma-like, narrowing laterally, visible by transparency through tegument of epigyne. Copulatory ducts (Cd) short, comma-like, proximal traits parallel to each other in medial part of vulva and then diverging laterally. Spermathecae (Sp) small, separated from each other more than 4 times their diameter, located in anterior side of vulva.

Distribution.

Endemic to Northern Apennines, Italy.

Habitat.

Litter of mountain beechwoods at mid-elevation (~800 m).

Figures

Figure 1. Cybaeopsis lodovicii sp. nov. male palp. A prolateral view; B retrolateral view; C ventral view; D dorsal view; E tibial, dorsal view; F SEM image of the tibial apophyses, dorsal view; G SEM image of detail of the RTA tip; H SEM image of detail of the median apophysis, ventral view. Abbreviations: Da 1 - 3 = dorsal apophyses; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Va = ventral apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.02 mm (G); 0.05 mm (H).

Figure 2. Cybaeopsis lodovicii sp. nov., male and female. A epigyne, ventral view; B ditto, ventral view after maceration; C ditto, posterior view; D vulva, dorsal view; E male habitus, dorsal view; F female habitus, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Ip = internal pocket; Ll = lateral lobe; Sp = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E, F).

Figure 3. Cybaeopsis lodovicii sp. nov., male and female. A male palp, retrolateral view; B ditto, ventral view; C epigyne, ventral view; D cephalic area of female, frontal view. Abbreviations: Cn = conductor; Da 1 - 4 = dorsal apophyses of Tibia; Em = embolus; Ip = internal pocket; Ll = lateral lobe; Ma = median apophysis; Pto = prolateral tegular outgrowth; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Rto = retrolateral tegular outgrowth; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum; Ti = tibia; Va = ventral apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D).

Figure 4. Cybaeopsis typicus, male and female from Kunashir Island. A male palp, retrolateral view; B ditto, prolateral view; C ditto, ventral view; D ditto, dorsal view; E epigyne, ventral view; F ditto, posterior view. Photos by Y. M. Marusik Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Da 1 - 4 = dorsal apophyses of tibia; Em = embolus; Ll = lateral lobe; Ma = median apophysis; Pto = prolateral tegular outgrowth; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Rto = retrolateral tegular outgrowth; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum; Va = ventral apophysis.

Figure 5. Cybaeopsis euopla, male and female from Ontario. A male habitus, dorsal view; B female habitus, dorsal view; C epigyne, ventral view; D male palp, retrolateral view; E ditto, ventral view; F original sample labels; G distribution of the genus Cybaeopsis. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E).