Burmeistera crassifolia (E.Wimm.) E.Wimm., Repert., 2023

González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, Phytotaxa 615 (1), pp. 1-113 : 33

13. Burmeistera crassifolia (E.Wimm.) E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 33, t. 125. 1932.

Centropogon crassifolius E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 389. 1924.

Type:— ECUADOR. Esmeraldas: “ Prope Canzacoto ”, without date, A. Sodiro 91/26 (bajo Mille 7) (holotype: W, not seen; isotypes: NY!, P! [ P00408886 ]). Figs. 8E–H , 9 .

Terrestrial or sometimes epiphytic herbs up to 1 m tall. Stem glabrous. Petiole 3‒11 mm long, glabrous; blade broadly-elliptic, broadly-oblong, or broadly ovate, 3.5‒8.0 × (1‒) 3‒5 cm, glabrous above and beneath, base rounded to cuneate, sometimes asymmetric, apex obtuse to acute, often abruptly and shortly acuminate, margin entire to very slightly toothed, with two intramarginal or marginal hydathodes per cm, secondary veins 5 or 6 per side, inconspicuous especially on the abaxial surface, higher order veins inconspicuous above and beneath, intramarginal vein lacking. Flower-bearing portion of the branch not corymbiform, the distalmost flower markedly lateral (not pseudoterminal). Peduncle 1.5‒2.0 cm long, glabrous to sparsely puberulous, ebracteolate. Hypanthium obconic, 3‒5 × 4‒6 mm, glabrous. Calyx lobes lineariform, 5‒9 × 0.5‒1.0 mm, patent to reflexed, glabrous, basally spaced by sinuses up to 3 mm wide, margin entire. Corolla green suffused with purple, glabrous; tube 14‒16 mm long, 2‒3 mm in diameter at its mid-level, inflated proximally and distally; lobes oblong, falcate, apex acute, dorsal lobes 8‒10 × 2.5‒3.5 mm, lateral lobes, 6‒8 × 2.5‒3.2 mm, ventral lobe 4.5‒5.5 × 2.5‒3.5 mm. Synandrium 1.7‒2.9 cm long, exserted up to 9 mm; filament tube 1.5–2.4 cm long, glabrescent to sparsely puberulous on its distal portion; anther tube 2‒5 mm long, glabrous, ventral anthers barbate, with an apical tuft of yellowish-white trichomes. Berries obovoid to subglobose, 1.0‒1.2 × 1.0‒ 1.2 cm, not inflated, white with purple streaks.

Phenology: —The species sets flowers and fruits from January to November.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera crassifolia occurs in southern Colombia and Ecuador. In Colombia, it is restricted to sub-Andean cloud forests of the departments of Cauca, Nariño and Valle del Cauca, at elevations between 280 and 2900 m. Locally endangered due to forest destruction. Following the IUCN (2022) Guidelines, this species qualifies for the Near Threatened (NT) category.

Notes: — Burmeistera crassifolia , from the southern Andes of Colombia and Ecuador, is similar to B. reclinata , from which it differs by the leaf blades 3–5 cm wide, either broadly-elliptic, broadly-oblong, or broadly ovate, with a length:width ratio nearly 1:1; the peduncle 1.5–2.0 cm long, considerably shorter than the leaves, glabrous to sparsely puberulous; the corolla with the tube 14–16 mm long and the ventral lobe 4.5–5.5 × 2.5–3.5 mm; the filament tube gabrescent; and the berries obovoid to subglobose, 1–1.2 × 1–1.2 cm (versus the leaf blade 3–4 times as long as wide, 1.8–2.2(–2.8) cm wide; the peduncle 3.3–6.0 cm long, 2–3 times longer than the leaves, glabrous; the corolla with the tube 11–13 mm long and the ventral lobe 8.0–8.5 × 1.5–2.2 mm; the filament tube puberulous; and the berries oblate, 7–8 × 9–10 mm in B. reclinata , a species restricted to northern ridges of the Western Cordillera, in Antioquia).

Additional specimens examined:— Cauca. El Tambo, Munchique , 2900 m, Jul 1948 (fr), S. Yepes 475 ( COL). Nariño. Reserva Natural Río Ñambí , 1300 m, 1°19´N, 78°05´W, 9 Aug 1992 (fr), J. Arias 122 ( PSO) ; Tumaco, Guayacana, 300 m, 20 Mar 1988 (fl, fr), O. de Benavides 9325 ( PSO) ; Tumaco, corregimiento La Guayacana, a 3 km de La Guayacana, 280 m, 8 Oct 1988 (fl, fr), O. de Benavides 10293 ( PSO) ; Tumaco, Guayacana, a 10 km de Guayacana, 320 m, 8 Oct 1988 (fl, fr), O. de Benavides 10453 ( PSO) ; along road between Junín and Altaquer, on Pasto-Tumaco road, 2.9 km NW of Junín, 13.7 km W of Altaquer , 1°22´N, 78°06´W, 1200 m, 26 Feb 1992 (fl), T. Croat 72473 ( PSO) ; Junín-Barbacoas road, 2‒10 km N of Junín, 1°30´N, 78°10´W, 900‒1000 m, 26 Jul 1986 (fl, fr), A. Gentry et al. 55332 ( PSO) ; Barbacoas, resguardo El Sábalo, orillas río Sábalo , 1°17´N, 78°14´W, 580‒600 m, 20 Aug 1995 (fl, fr), M. González 922 ( PSO) ; Ricaurte, resguardo indígena Nulpe Medio, orillas río Nulpe , 1°06´N, 78°13´W, 715 m, 06 Jan 1996 (fl, fr), M. González et al. 1531 ( PSO) ; Junín, 1300 m, 8 Nov 1991 (fl, fr), O. Guerrero 211 ( PSO) ; along road between Altaquer and Junín, about km 129‒130, 1130 m, 30 Jan 1976 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn 5092 ( COL) ; Altaquer, carretera entre Altaquer y Junín, Cuyambé , 1450 m, 17 Nov 1967 (fl), L. Mora 4159 ( COL) ; Barbacoas, km 2 trayecto Junín-Barbacoas, 1150 m, 14 Apr 1989 (fl), B. Ramírez 1333 ( PSO). Valle del Cauca. Valle/Chocó border, El Cairo, corregimiento Boquerón, vereda Las Amarillas , Serranía de Los Paraguas , ca. 21‒25 km beyond El Cairo , c 4°45´N, 76°20´W, 1850‒2000 m, 25 Apr 1989 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12666 ( CUVC, NY).

Figures

FIGURE 8. A–D. Burmeistera corei (A, Stein et al. 3201; B–D, Fonnegra 4737), leaf (A), leaf margin (B), flower (C) and berry (D). E–H. B. crassifolia (Luteyn 5092), leaf (E), leaf margin (F), flower (G) and berry (H). I–L. B. cylindrocarpa (Cuatrecasas 15513, type of var. candida), leaf (I), leaf margin (J), corymbiform inflorescence K), and flower (L). Scale bars: 5 mm in A, E, J, L; 1 mm in B, D, F, H; 2 mm in C, G; 1 cm in I, K.

FIGURE 9. Distribution of Burmeistera corei, B. crassifolia, B. cyclostigmata, B. cylindrocarpa, B. diazii and B. fimbriata.