Axinella coronata Bertolino, 2020

Bertolino, Marco, Costa, Gabriele, Bavestrello, Giorgio, Pansini, Maurizio & Daneri, Giovanni, 2020, New sponge species from Seno Magdalena, Puyuhuapi Fjord and Jacaf Canal (Chile), European Journal of Taxonomy 715, pp. 1-49 : 14-20

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2020.715

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:08022AE1-B293-4D42-9733-AC4845E656B7

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4330254

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/29550A2F-F048-40D5-B473-906EB62DC478

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:29550A2F-F048-40D5-B473-906EB62DC478

treatment provided by

Valdenar

scientific name

Axinella coronata Bertolino
status

sp. nov.

Axinella coronata Bertolino , Costa & Pansini sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:29550A2F-F048-40D5-B473-906EB62DC478

Figs 5–6 View Fig View Fig ; Table 5 View Table 5

Etymology

The new species is named after the crown of thin styles surrounding single tylostyles.

Type material

Holotype

CHILE – Puerto Cisnes • Seno Magdalena B; 44.650167° S, 72.89085° W; depth 20 m; 5–10 Aug. 2016; Marco Bertolino leg.; on a rocky cliff by scuba diving; CILE 22 ; MSGN 61494 .

GoogleMaps

Paratypes

CHILE – Puerto Cisnes • 1 specimen; Seno Magdalena E (Punta Tabla) ; 44.613885° S, 72.94149° W; depth 22 m; 5–10 Aug. 2016; Marco Bertolino leg.; on a rocky cliff by scuba diving; CILE 9; DISTAV GoogleMaps 1 specimen; Seno Magdalena C ; 44.631113° S, 72.929130° W; depth 25 m; 5–10 Aug. 2016; Marco Bertolino leg.; on a rocky wall by scuba diving; CILE 15; DISTAV GoogleMaps .

Description

HABITUS. Fan shaped sponge, 2 cm high, very thin (2 mm maximum), with short basal stem. Surface very hispid with tufts of macroscleres coming out from surface ( Fig. 5 View Fig A–B). Consistency hard but friable. Colour in life bright yellow ( Fig. 5 View Fig A–B).

SKELETON. Plumose, formed by multi-spicular primary tracts, radiating from axis towards surface ( Fig. 5 View Fig C–D), ending in single tylostyle surrounded by crown of thin styles that projects slightly through sponge surface ( Fig. 5 View Fig E–F).

SPICULES. Megascleres: Tylostyles slightly curved ( Fig. 6A View Fig ), 1300–(1962)–2200 μm long and 10– (17.42)–25 μm thick. Long, smooth and thin styles, with shaft slightly thickened in distal third ( Fig. 6B View Fig ), 1200–(1500)–1800 μm long and 2.5–(3.3)–5 μm thick. Styles to tylostyles or subtylostyles more or less bent near head as true rhabdostyles ( Fig. 6C View Fig ), 460–(505)–590 μm long and 10–(15.62)–20 μm thick. Thin and sinuous styles, with round heads and slightly rounded points ( Fig. 6D View Fig ), 460–(556.5)–600 μm long and 2.5–(3.5)–5 μm thick.

Habitat

Recorded on rocky cliffs and walls covered by coralline algae, at a depth between 20 and 25 m.

Remarks

The attribution of A. cylindrica sp. nov. and A. coronata sp. nov. to the genus Axinella Schmidt, 1862 is based on the skeleton architecture characterised by a choanosomal skeleton differentiated in the axial (compressed or vaguely reticulated) and extra-axial (plumoreticulated) regions. The only species of this genus present on the Chilean coast is A. crinita Thiele, 1905 . This species differs from the two newly described species in external shape (very ramified with cylindrical branches ( Desqueyroux 1972)), absence of rhabdostyles (present in A. cylindrica sp. nov.) and presence of long thin styles with curved head (absent in A. coronata sp. nov.). In Table 5 View Table 5 , the other geographically close species of Axinella and other species recorded in the Southern Hemisphere are reported. All of these species differ from A. cylindrica sp. nov. and A. coronata sp. nov. in the external morphology, and the type and size of spicules. Moreover A. cylindrica sp. nov. differs from all the other species in the presence of rhabdostyles ( Table 5 View Table 5 ).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Porifera

Class

Demospongiae

SubClass

Heteroscleromorpha

Order

Halichondrida

Family

Axinellidae

Genus

Axinella

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