Glabrilaria antoniettae Ramalho & Moraes, 2021

Ramalho, Laís V., Moraes, Fernando C., Salgado, Leonardo T., Bastos, Alex C. & Moura, Rodrigo L., 2021, Bryozoa from the reefs off the Amazon River mouth: checklist, thirteen new species, and notes on their ecology and distribution, Zootaxa 4950 (1), pp. 1-45 : 11-13

Glabrilaria antoniettae Ramalho & Moraes n. sp.

( Fig. 6A–C )

Material examined. Holotype: MNRJBRY-1526 ; Paratypes: MNRJBRY-1478: Brazil, Maranhão state ( Sta #7, 00°14.742’S – 044°54.089’W), 23 m, on sponge, 29 September 2014 ; MNRJBRY-1400, MNRJBRY-1427, MN- RJBRY-1483: Brazil, Amapá state ( Sta #3, 03°35.4267’N – 049°07.6028’W), 90 m, on sponge, 26 September 2014 ; MNRJBRY-1499: Brazil, Amapá state ( Sta #1, 04°23.807’N – 050°41.646’W), 64 m, on sponge, 24 September 2014 ; MNRJBRY-1487: Brazil, Pará state ( Sta #4, 01°17.989’N – 046°46.732’W), 55 m, on sponge, 27 September 2014 ; MNRJBRY-1449: Brazil, Pará state ( Sta #6, 00°45.359’N – 046°38.49’W), 50 m, on rhodoliths, 28 September 2014; collected by Fernando Moraes & Rodrigo Moura (NHo Cruzeiro do Sul ).

Etymology. In honour of Antonietta Rosso (University of Catania, Italy) for her relevant work on Cribrilinidae .

Diagnosis. Autozooid with 16–20 costae, the first pair forming a bifid protuberance, and seven oral spines; interzooidal avicularia semi-erect, with acicular and serrated rostrum oriented distally or distolaterally; single or paired semi-erect avicularia associated with the type A ovicell ornamented with a median suture.

Description. Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar. Autozooids polygonal, longer than wide [L 258–352– 479 (SD 52, N 22); W 213–256– 307 µm (SD 25, N 22)] ( Fig. 6A ). Orifice transversally D-shaped, wider than long [L 34–49–64 (SD 5, N 21); W 52–59– 67 µm (SD 4, N 21)], with seven (non-ovicellate zooids) or four (ovicellate zooids) oral spines ( Fig. 6A–C ); the most proximal pair of spines only slightly above the proximal border of the orifice; base of the spines thick, surface irregularly calcified ending in a thin tip ( Fig. 6B, C ). Proximal and distal orifice edges smooth, without beaded margin or condyles ( Fig. 6A, B ). Frontal surface with 16–20 costae converging towards the median line and 5–7 intercostal lacunae; first pair of costae, when not developed, leaving an elliptical pore visible, but often more developed and raised, forming a bifid protuberance hiding the elliptical proximal pore ( Fig. 6B, C ). Interzooidal avicularia semi-erect [L 98–137– 180 µm (SD 22, N 25)], large, oriented distally or distolaterally, developed from one pore on the lateral wall; rostrum acicular with serrated margins, ending in a hooked tip; proximal region rounded with a large pore; blunt condyles ( Figs 6A, B ). One or two semi-erect avicularia associated with ovicell ( Fig. 6A, C ). Ovicell hyperstomial, type A (sensu Bishop & Househam 1987), wider than long [L 93–113–129 (SD 9, N 15); W 128–158– 176 µm (SD 13, N 10)], irregular in shape, occupying part of the next distal zooid, with smooth ooecial surface; a median suture extending from proximal border to mid region ( Fig. 6A, C ); aperture closed by zooidal operculum.

Remarks. To date there are no Glabrilaria species described from Brazil ( Vieira et al. 2008; Winston et al. 2014). Among Brazilian cribrilinids only Puellina octospinata Winston et al., 2014 , here re-assigned to Cribrilaria , C. octospinata n. comb., following Rosso et al. (2018), has 7–8 oral spines but differs in having smaller and not semi-erect avicularia.

The most similar species is Cribrilaria harmeri ( Ristedt, 1985) , from the Pacific Ocean, which has seven oral spines, four visible in fertile zooids, and a single subapertural lumen. However, it differs from the new species in having the first pair of costae proximal to the orifice forming a shorter umbo, a narrower interzooidal avicularium (not semi-erect) that can have either smooth or finely serrated margin (always serrated in the new species), smaller polymorphs (zooids, avicularia and ovicells) than the new species (see Dick et al. 2007; Dick & Grischenko 2017; Yang et al. 2018a), and an umbo near the proximal margin of the ovicell (not observed in the new species).

Glabrilaria africana ( Hayward & Cook, 1983) and G. corbula Bishop & Househam, 1987 also have seven oral spines, but the former species has a greater number of subapertural pores (up to five large and many small ones), no suboral umbo, and a small umbo on the ovicell, while the latter species has avicularia with smooth rostrum and ovicell ornamented by 4–6 ridges.

From the North Atlantic, there are two Glabrilaria species, G. hirsuta Rosso et al., 2018 and G. polita Rosso et al., 2018 . Both species differ from the new species by having erect avicularia, and a different number of oral spines (six in G. hirsuta and five in G. polita ).

Figures

FIGURE 6. A–C. Glabrilaria antoniettae Ramalho & Moraes n. sp. (Holotype MNRJBRY-1526). A. Colony with fertile and infertile zooids, and triangular avicularia. B. Marginal zooid with suboral umbo formed by the first pair of costae, and avicularia with serrated rostra. C. Ovicellate zooids with four spines and avicularium associated with the ovicell (left). D, E. Poricella bifurcata Ramalho & Moraes n. sp. (Holotype MNRJBRY-1430). D. Colony with zooids (fertile and infertile) and large avicularia with bifurcate tips. E. Zooids with large and truncate suboral umbo, three or four foramina on the frontal shield, orifice with four spines, large avicularia, and an ovicell (right). Arrows indicate avicularia with intramural budding. Scale bars: A, E, 200 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm; D, 500 µm.