Lysmata rauli, Laubenheimer, Helio & Rhyne, Andrew L., 2010

Laubenheimer, Helio & Rhyne, Andrew L., 2010, Lysmata rauli, a new species of peppermint shrimp, (Decapoda: Hippolytidae) from the southwestern Atlantic *, Zootaxa 2372, pp. 298-304 : 299-302

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.275821
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3508037
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8305CE25-FFCF-FFAB-FF4F-3F34E141B786
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Lysmata rauli
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Lysmata rauli sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 )

Material examined. Holotype, hermaphrodite (cl 9.4), USNM 1130395, Salvador, Bahia , Brazil, under rocky ledge in tide pool, 2 m depth, leg. N. Sarmento, VI.2005.

Description. Rostrum straight 0.65 times as long as carapace, reaching to midpoint of second segment of antennular peduncle ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A), with 3 postrostral teeth, posteriormost tooth not reaching midpoint of carapace, second and third tooth posterior of orbital margin ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–B), 4 teeth on rostrum proper; 4 ventral teeth; dorsal rostrum teeth with 1 stiff seta inserted between teeth.

Carapace smooth, 1.4 times as long as high, posteroventral margin rounded; pterygostomial angle with pronounced acute tooth ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 C). Eyes relatively large, not reaching dorsal margin of rostrum in lateral view ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A). Antennal tooth pronounced, reaching to midpoint of cornea. Antennular peduncle as long as or just falling short of distal margin of scaphocerite; stylocerite reaching to midpoint of first segment ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 A, D); second segment about 1.7 times as long as wide ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 C–D); third segment as long as second; lateral antennular flagellum long, with secondary ramus reduced to rudiment ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 E). Scaphocerite three times as long as wide, with slightly concave lateral margin; distolateral tooth overreaching blade ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 F).

Pleura of first three abdominal somites with rounded margin; pleuron of fourth somite rounded, lacking sharp posterolateral tooth; pleuron of fifth somite with sharp posterolateral tooth; sixth somite with acute posteroventral tooth and acute posterolateral tooth ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 I). Telson about 1.8 times as long as sixth abdominal somite, tapering posteriorly; dorsal surface with two pairs of spines ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 G); posterior margin not medially acute, with pair of long slender spines each flanked by a much shorter spine.

Third maxilliped with exopod reaching to 0.65 of antepenultimate segment, tip of ultimate segment with 5 spines (3 large, 2 small), in addition to 3 subdistal ones ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 A–B). Remainder of mouthparts typical for the genus. First pereiopod with simple chela ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 C, E), over-reaching distal margin of the scaphocerite when fully extended, carpus reaching or just overreaching first segment of antennular peduncle; ischium with row of spinules on ventral margin ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 D); merus 1.6 times longer than carpus; propodus about 2.5 times as long as dactylus, 4.4 times as long as high ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 E). Second pereiopods slender, ending in small simple chelae ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 F, G); propodus about 2 times as long as dactylus, merus with 7 segments; carpus about twice as long as merus, with 15 segments ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 F).

Third to fifth pereiopods similar, decreasing in length from third to fifth ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 H–I, K); third pereiopod reaching to mid-length of scaphocerite; merus with 3 spines; dactylus about 0.2 times length of propodus ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 H–I, K); distally biunguiculate, armed with 5 spines, dorsal unguis longer than ventral, flexor margin with 3 spinules, increasing in size from proximal to distal ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 J). Fourth and fifth pereiopod similar to third, with dactylus bearing 5 spines; merus with 4 spines ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 H). First and second pleopods as illustrated ( Fig.1 View FIGURE 1 J, K). Uropod as illustrated ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 H).

Color in life. Body translucent with red longitudinal and diagonal stripes, dorsal portion of the abdominal pleurons with three longitudinal red stripes reaching to the distal end of uropods and telson, first and third abdominal pleurons with transverse red bands; gonads and embryos bright green ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 ).

Distribution. Salvador, Bahia (type locality) with anecdotal reports from Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Etymology. Named after our colleague and friend, Raul Fernandes Marinheiro Neto for his help collecting specimens, preparing drawings, and raising Lysmata for several years.

Remarks. The description of L. rauli sp. nov. is based on a single specimen. This new species can be easily distinguished from all other species of Lysmata from Brazil and the western Atlantic by the combination of the following features: presence of a rudimentary accessory branch in the lateral antennular flagellum; presence of a well developed pterygostomial tooth and the reduced number of carpal segments (15) in the second pereiopods. At this time, the relationship of L. rauli sp. nov. to other lineages (see Baeza et al. 2009) of Lysmata without a well developed accessory branch remains obscure. The small number of carpal segments and the presence of a pterygostomial tooth are unusual for species lacking a well developed accessory branch.