Guelaguetzia, Cruz-López & Francke, 2020

Cruz-López, Jesús A. & Francke, Oscar F., 2020, Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera, Zootaxa 4748 (3), pp. 431-454 : 437-440

Guelaguetzia gen. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D68B5C50-6145-4D8F-B620-A505A6A4FEA6

Type species. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov., designated in the present work.

Etymology. The word ‘Guelaguetza’ comes from the Zapotec language ‘ guendalizaa ’, meaning cooperating or collaborating. In addition, the Guelaguetza is an annual festivity held every July in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, in which they carry out many cultural and gastronomic exhibitions. Grammatical gender feminine.

Diagnosis. Guelaguetzia gen. nov. can be recognized from the non-troglobitic stygnopsine genera without lateral clear areas on mid-bulge scutum ( Ampliphallus gen. nov., Hoplobunus and Isaeus ) by the following combination of characters: (a) ocularium apically rounded, without spine ( Figs. 21 , 39 )—spine small in Hoplobunus , large in Isaeus and absent in Ampliphallus gen. nov.; (b) pedipalpal patella dorsally covered by small spiniform tubercles, without dorso-apical apophysis ( Figs. 26 , 44 )—apophysis is present in both Hoplobunus and Isaeus and absent in Ampliphallus gen. nov.; (c) coxa IV visible in dorsal view, protruding ( Figs. 19 , 37 ), trochanter III not globose ( Figs. 19 , 37 )—globose in Hoplobunus and Isaeus , not globose in Ampliphallus gen. nov.; (d) ventral retrolateral row of tubercles on femur IV spiniform and noticeably larger than those on prolateral row ( Figs. 32 , 50 )—both rows formed by small spiniform tubercles in Isaeus , tooth-shaped tubercles in Ampliphallus gen. nov. and tubercles increasing in size apically and cylindrical shaped in Hoplobunus ; (e) patella IV with ventral and ventro-apical apophyses ( Figs. 32 , 50 )—no apophyses in Ampliphallus gen. nov., Hoplobunus and Isaeus , only with one ventro-apical apophysis; and (f) by the male genitalia, pars distalis compressed laterally but not curved dorsally and not embracing more than the second half of penis as in Hoplobunus and Isaeus , with the flimsy lamina large ( Figs. 34–36 , 52–54 ); a pair of imperceptible remnant macrosetae D (two small pairs in Hoplobunus and Isaeus ), and with only a pair of remnant sockets of macrosetae E (a pair of small setae in Hoplobunus , completely absent in Isaeus ), macrosetae A, B and C large and filiform; follis with two ventral lobes ( Figs. 34–36 , 52–54 ). Additionally, the male genitalia of Guelaguetzia gen. nov. is quite similar compared to those on the troglobitic Tonalteca Cruz-López & Francke, 2017, but these two genera can be differentiated by the external morphology due to the troglomorphisms of Tonalteca (see dichotomous key above).

Included species. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov. and Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov.

Geographical distribution. The genus is only known from two pine forests in northern Oaxaca ( Fig. 57 ). Natural history. Both species of this genus were found inside of decomposing pine trunks, with high humidity.

In a few instances, a group of one male and two or three females were found, suggesting mate-guarding behavior.

When the animals were disturbed, they exhibited thanatosis.

Figures

FIGURE 57. Distribution map of Ampliphallus chimalapaensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (white circle) and two species of Guelaguetzia gen.nov.: G. cuicateca sp. nov. (black square) and G. serrana sp. nov. (white square).

FIGURES 19–21. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01330) and paratype female (CNAN-T01331). 19, habitus holotype, dorsal view. 20, habitus female, dorsal view. 21, lateral view holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 37–39. Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01334) and paratype female (CNAN-T01335). 37, habitus holotype, dorsal view. 38, habitus female, dorsal view. 39, lateral view holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 24–27. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01330). 24, chelicera, frontal view. 25, chelicera, mesal view. 26, pedipalp, mesal view. 27, pedipalpal tibia and tarsus, ventral view (major spiniform setiferous tubercles on tibia indicated as T1–T3). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 42–45. Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01334). 42, chelicera, frontal view. 43, chelicera, mesal view. 44, pedipalp, mesal view. 45, pedipalpal tibia and tarsus, ventral view (major spiniform setiferous tubercles on tibia indicated as T1–T3). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 28–33. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov., 28–32: holotype male (CNAN-T01330). 28, leg IV, ectal view. 29, leg IV, mesal view. 30, trochanter IV, dorsal view. 31, trochanter IV, ventral view. 32, femur IV, ventral view. 33, paratype female (CNAN-T01331), femur IV, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 46–51. Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov., 46–50: holotype male (CNAN-T01334). 46, leg IV, ectal view. 47, leg IV, mesal view. 48, trochanter IV, dorsal view. 49, trochanter IV, ventral view. 50, femur IV, ventral view. 51, paratype female (CNAN-T01335), femur IV ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 34–36. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov., penis of holotype male (CNAN-T01330). 16, dorsal. 17, lateral. 18, ventral. Macrosetae groups: yellow=A, blue=B, pink=C, green=D, white arrows=remnant sockets of macrosetae E. Scale bars: 100 µm.

FIGURES 52–54. Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov., penis of holotype male (CNAN-T01334). 52, dorsal. 53, lateral. 54, ventral. Macrosetae groups: yellow=A, blue=B, pink=C, green=D, white arrows=remnant sockets of macrosetae E. Scale bars: 100 µm.