Callicebus purinus, Thomas, 1927

Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson, 2013, Phitheciidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 432-483 : 469

25.

Rio Purus Tit

Callicebus purinus

French: Titi du Rio Purus / German: Rio-Purus-Springaffe / Spanish: Titi del Purus

Other common names: Red-bellied Collared Titi

Taxonomy. Callicebus purinus Thomas, 1927 ,

Ayapua, lower, Rio Purus, Amazonas, Brazil.

C. purinus was considered to be a subspecies of C. torquatus until the review of M. van Roosmalen and colleagues in 2002. C. purinus is a member of the ftorquatus species group. It is sympatric with C. cupreus throughout this area, although the two species may have distinct habitat preferences and ecological adaptations.

Monotypic.

Distribution. Amazonian Brazil (Amazonas State), S of the Rio Solimoes, E of the lower Rio Jurua, and W of the Purus/Tapaua river system; the S limit ofits geographic distribution remains unclear.

Descriptive notes. Head-body 40-46 cm (males) and 36.8-42 cm (females), tail 39-47 cm (males) and 37-50 cm (females); weight unknown, but probably 1000-1500 g as for other members of the torquatus species group. Male and female Rio Purus Titis are indistinguishable in size and coloration. They are predominantly dark reddish-brown, with some banding of hairs of back and sides. Hands are yellow-whitish, but lower arms and feet are black. Tail is blackish with red tones. Throat collar is a distinct yellowish to whitish, extending to bases of ears. Sideburns, forehead, and ears are black, contrasting with white whiskers and a bright red crown.

Habitat. Lowland Amazon rainforest at elevations of 100-200 m. The Rio Purus Titi appears to prefer black-water seasonally inundated forest, known locally as igapo, but it also occurs in flood-free, terra firma forest.

Food and Feeding. There is no information available for this species.

Breeding. There is no specific information available for this species, but all titis form monogamous breeding pairs. The male provides parental care by carrying the single offspring.

Activity patterns. There is no information available for this species.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. Survey data indicate that groups of 3—4 Rio Purus Titis are the norm, typical of species oftitis in general. Estimated densities from one study area were 0-1 groups/km? in terra firma forest and 0-5 groups/ km? in igap6é swamp, although it is unclear how reliable these values were because they imply home ranges many times larger than those recorded to date for any other species of titis.

Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [IUCN Red List. The region in which the Rio Purus Titis occurs is isolated and suffers little anthropogenic impact. Rio Purus Titis occur in two indigenous reservations (Maratu and Tatutu).

Bibliography. Haugaasen & Peres (2005a), Hershkovitz (1988, 1990), Norconk (2011), van Roosmalen et al. (2002), Veiga (2008i).

Figures

On following pages: 20. Madidi Titi (Callicebus aureipalatii); 21. Medem'’s Titi (Callicebus medemi); 22. White-collared Titi (Callicebus torquatus); 23. White-chested Titi (Callicebus lugens); 24. Yellow-handed Titi (Callicebus lucifen; 25. Rio Purus Titi (Callicebus purinus); 26. Rio Jurué Collared Titi (Callicebus regulus); 27. Black-fronted Titi (Callicebus nigrifrons); 28. Masked Titi (Callicebus personatus); 29. Southern Bahian Titi (Callicebus melanochir); 30. Blond Titi (Callicebus barbarabrownae); 31. Coimbra-Filho's Titi (Callicebus coimbral).

Distribution. Amazonian Brazil (Amazonas State), S of the Rio Solimoes, E of the lower Rio Jurua, and W of the Purus/Tapaua river system; the S limit ofits geographic distribution remains unclear.