Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis Thomson, 1861

Biffi, Gabriel & Fuhrmann, Juares, 2013, Immatures of Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis Thomson, 1861 and comments on the larvae of Parandrinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Insecta Mundi 2013 (323), pp. 1-14 : 2-7

Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis Thomson, 1861

( Fig. 1–24 )

Larva description. Length: 33–34 mm. Body ( Fig. 1–3 ) cylindrical, slightly compressed dorsoventrally. Color yellowish-white, mandibles, peristomium and spiracles dark brown.

Head ( Fig. 5–7 ) dorsoventrally compressed, anterolateral area setose, frontal suture and endocarinae present, coronal suture paired by medial furrow. Stemmata absent. Gula ( Fig. 6 ) narrow. Occipital foramen divided by tentorial bridge. Epistoma with transverse row of setae, 3 long setae on each side. Clypeus ( Fig. 8 ) glabrous, transverse, trapezoidal. Labrum ( Fig. 8 ) cordiform with lateral and anterior areas setose and 2 long medial setae; one longitudinal shallow depression on each side. Epipharynx ( Fig. 9, 10 ) with anterior area setose, medial area with 2 rows of setae, some internal setae chisel-like; medial area with small sclerite bearing 8 sensilla, and 2 posterior sensilla; posterior area with sparse sensilla and pair of sclerites, each one with 6 sensilla; tormae well developed. Preoral area with dense membranous seta-like ornamentation. Mandibles ( Fig. 14–18 ) almost symmetrical; proximal area of external side rugose, scarcely setose; incisor wedge-like, acuminated, with 3 internal striae; molar with internal and dorsal coarsely striated area, and internal shallow depression with some fine furrows. Maxillae ( Fig. 11, 12 ) with cardo anteriorly prominent and setose; stipes setose; palpifer with posteroventral sclerite; mala prominent, rounded, setose, with external and internal sclerite; palpi with 3 palpomeres; I with 2 dorsal small setae, 2 external setae, 1 externoventral microseta, 2 internoventral setae, 2 ventral sensilla, 2–7 ventral punctures; II with 4 dorsal setae, 2 externoventral setae, 1 internoventral seta, 1 ventral sensillum, 5 ventral punctures, III with 1 lateral large seta-like sensillum, 1 lateral puncture, and apex bearing 1 medial large sensillum at middle and about 18 small peripheral sensilla. Hypopharynx ( Fig. 10, 11 ) with shallow longitudinal depression, lateral sides with small microspined ornamentation (magnification higher than 100×), proximal area with sparse sensilla. Labium ( Fig. 10–12 ) with submentum glabrous or with 3 short and thin medial setae; mentum medially setose, lateral sides with small rough ornamentation, posterior sclerite well developed; prementum with posterior sclerite well developed; ligula broad, anterior border rounded, anterior area scarcely setose, lateroposterior area densely setose, some internal setae chisel-like; palpiger prominent, with 4 setae, 1 large sensillum and few scarce punctures, lateral sides with small rough ornamentation; palpi with 2 palpomeres, I with 2 ventral small setae, 1 ventral sensillum, 5 ventral punctures; II with 1 lateral puncture and apex bearing similar ornamentation than maxillary palpomere III. Antennae ( Fig. 13 ) with 3 antennomeres; I mostly hidden by membranous antennifer, with 4 ventrodistal sensilla; II with 3 ventral setae, 3 distal setae, 1 distal sensillum, 1 distal puncture, 1 ventrodistal annular sensorial appendage; III minute with 2 ventral punctures and apex bearing 3 setae, 2 sensilla (1 very small), 1 puncture.

Pronotum prominent backward, longer than meso- and metanotum combined, anterior area with transverse band of small asperities (magnification higher than 80×), posterior area with large asperities decreasing in size backward; basisternum with 3 areas with dense asperities (2 anterolateral, 1 posteromedial); sternellum not separated from posterior part of basisternum. Meso- and metanotum with Xshaped furrow; meso- and metasternum with presternum-basisternum suture sinuous, asperities thinner and similarly distributed to those of prosternum. Legs ( Fig. 19–20 ) with 5 podomeres; coxa broad with some internal asperities, 3–4 setae, 1 internal sensillum; trochanter narrow, membranous, barely defined; femur cylindrical with 4 internal setae, 1 external seta, 1 anterior seta, 1 internal sensillum; tibia cylindrical with 3–4 internal setae, 1 external seta, and apex with 1–3 microsetae and 3 setae; tarsungulus narrowed proximally, acuminate, rugose. Thoracic spiracle ( Fig. 4 ) ventrolateral, fusiform, twice larger than abdominal spiracles.

Abdominal segments I–VIII with lateral spiracles ( Fig. 4 ); I–VII with dorsal and ventral ambulatory ampullae with small asperities; dorsal ampullae with 2 laterolongitudinal and 2 transverse furrows, posterior medially incomplete; ventral ambulatory ampullae with 2 laterolongitudinal and 1 transverse furrows; segment IX large, distally rounded; X reduced as peripheral anal lobes.

Female pupa description. Length: 20 mm. Body ( Fig. 21–23 ) cylindrical to fusiform. Color yellowishwhite. Spiracles with elliptical dark peritreme, except abdominal spiracle VIII.

Head opisthognathous, vertex not or slightly exposed on dorsal view, epistomal and clypeolabral suture slightly defined. Mandibles prominent; maxillary palpi exposed on ventral view; labial palpi hidden on ventral view. Antenna posteriorly directed, partially exposed in dorsal view, extending over profemurtibial articulation, apex not or slightly extending over mesofemur-tibial articulation.

Thorax. Pronotum almost square, laterals with small spines bearing subapical seta. Mesonotum glabrous, without spines; scutellum posteriorly acuminated. Metanotum with spines distributed on a Ushaped area, spines bearing subapical seta; with slightly defined alacristae. Mesoventrite small, prominent. Elytral theca extending beyond abdominal segment III. Legs dorsoventrally compressed, metafemurtibial articulation extending as far as elytral theca, metacoxae with posteroexternal angle exposed in lateral view. Mesothoracic spiracle exposed between hypomeron and anterior part of elytra.

Abdomen with 9 well-defined segments; tergites II–VII with lateral lobes and transverse groove; laterals of abdominal tergites I–VII and abdominal lobes II–VII with small spines bearing subapical seta; tergites I–VIII with laterodorsal spiracles, spiracle VIII as cuticular invagination; tergite VIII glabrous; tergite IX with 2 acute small urogomphi; sternite I small; sternite IX with 2 lateral lobes divided by longitudinal fold; tergite and sternite IX separated by transverse fold that encloses anal opening.

Material examined. BRAZIL, São Paulo: Ribeirão Preto ( Estação Ecológica de Ribeirão Preto - Mata Santa Tereza ), 21º13’33” S ; 47º51’21” W, 22.v.2009, G. Biffi and E.A. Nascimento col. (8 larvae, 1 larva reared to adult) ( MZSP 10.243 ) .

Figures

Figure 1–4. Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis. Larva. 1) dorsal. 2) lateral. 3) ventral. 4) spiracles (same position of Fig. 2), a1–8=abdominal spiracles 1–8; t2=mesothoracic spiracle.

Figure 5–8. Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis. Larva, head. 5) dorsal. 6) ventral. 7) frontal. 8) dorsal, detail, tet=tentorial bridge.

Figure 9–13. Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis. Larva. 9) epipharynx. 10) cibarium (lateral, mandibles and maxillae removed). 11) hypopharynx and left maxilla (dorsal). 12) labium and left maxilla (ventral). 13) antenna (dorsal ornamentation of antennifer removed); mts=mentum sclerite; pgs=pharyngeal sclerite; pms=prementum sclerite; pps=posterior piece of pharyngeal sclerite; trm=tormae.

Figure 14–18. Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis. Larva, left mandible. 14) dorsal. 15) ventral. 16) external. 17) dorsoexternal. 18) internal.

Figure 19–20. Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis. Larva, legs. 19) prothoracic. 20) mesothoracic.

Figure 21–23. Parandra (Tavandra) longicollis. Female, pupa. 21) dorsal. 22) lateral. 23) ventral.

Figure 24–31. Parandrinae. 24) Parandra (Tavandra)longicollis, female, adult habitus. 25–26) Parandra (Parandra) glabra, larva. 25) head and thorax (ventral). 26) habitus (lateral). 27) Birandra (Birandra) punctata, urogomphi of pupa (modified from Duffy 1960). 28) Komiyandra shibatai, cranium of larva (emphasis on the backward directed epistoma) (modified from Nakamura et al. 1976). 29–30) Hawaiiandra puncticeps, larva. 29) antenna. 30) maxilla (modified from Duffy 1953a). 31) Acutandra gabonica, maxilla of larva (modified from Duffy 1957).