Phymatopsallus ribesi Knight, 1968: 50

Schuh, Randall T., 2006, Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2006 (301), pp. 1-115 : 54-61

Phymatopsallus ribesi Knight, 1968: 50 (n.sp.).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the weakly orange coloration, the orange dots scattered over the entire dorsum (fig. 2), the moderate size among Ceratopsallus spp. , average total length 2.99, and the form of the male genitalia, the vesica forming an elongate J, the phallotheca with a truncate apex, the left paramere with the right-hand prong of the anterior process recurved, and the right paramere with the apical processes unequally developed, the left being distinctly longer than the right (fig. 20). Similar to C. croceus and C. pantherinus in the orangish coloration with orange spotting, but somewhat smaller than those species and lacking the distinct sexual dimorphism in the eyes and antennae.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Size moderate among Ceratopsallus spp. , elongate, nearly parallel-sided, total length 3.07–3.14, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.03–2.09, width pronotum 0.98–1.04. COLORATION (fig. 2): Body and forewings weakly orange; entire dorsum with moderately dense covering of orange to weakly brown spots; eyes silvery to reddish; coloration of appendages pale or weakly orange; membrane boldly marmorate, with a large dark area posterior to the cuneus; veins of membrane pale. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 2, 13C): As in generic description. STRUC- TURE: Head: Eyes not sexually dimorphic, large, vertex relatively broad (fig. 2), eyes occupying about two-thirds height of head; antennal segment 2 weakly tapered proximally (fig. 2); labium reaching to apex of hind trochanters. GENITALIA (figs. 20): Vesica: More or less J-shaped. Phallotheca: When viewed laterally with a broadly flattened apex, and a slender spine on ventral margin. Parameres: Left paramere with righthand prong of anterior process more or less erect, sinuously curving, left-hand prong smoothly curving, posterior process of paramere relatively long, more or less straight in lateral view; right paramere long and broad, apical processes asymmetrically developed, left process longer and more slender than right.

Female: Elongate ovoid; total length 2.73– 2.81, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.84–1.85, width pronotum 0.93–0.97. COL- ORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUC- TURE: Hemelytra extending just beyond apex of abdomen; eyes similar in size to

those of male, vertex relatively broad (fig. 2); antennal segment 2 tapered toward base. GENITALIA: Not examined.

HOST: Recorded as feeding on Ribes sp. (Grossulariaceae) ( Knight, 1968).

DISTRIBUTION (map 4): Known only from Nye county, southern Nevada.

HOLOTYPE: USA: Nevada: Nye Co.: Mercury , 12M (W) [36.66056 ° N 115.99361 ° W], 11 Aug 1965 – 13 Aug 1965, J. Merino, 1 Oi ( AMNH _ PBI 00069802 ) ( USNM).

PARATYPES: USA: Nevada: Nye Co.: Mercury, 12M (W), 36.66056 ° N 115.99361 ° W, 11 Aug 1965 – 13 Aug 1965, J. Merino, Ribes sp. (Grossulariaceae) , 7Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00068478– AMNH _PBI 00068480, AMNH _PBI 00068633, AMNH _PBI 00068634, AMNH _PBI 00071876, AMNH _PBI 00071877), 6♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00068481– AMNH _PBI 00068484, AMNH _PBI 00068635, AMNH _PBI 00068636) ( USNM).

Ceratopsallus schwartzi , new species figures 2, 21; map 4

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the cream to pale greenish coloration, the brownish spots on the dorsum restricted to the hemelytra and forming a somewhat blotchy pattern (fig. 2), the relatively small size among Ceratopsallus spp. , the average total length 2.49, and the structure of the male genitalia, the vesica being J-shaped and relatively short, the phallotheca (in common with C. plautus and C. vauqueliniae ) bearing two spines, the one on the ventral surface slender, the other on the anterodorsal surface being weakly flattened and minutely serrate on the apical region, the left paramere with the spines of the anterior process smoothly curving and forming a crescent shape, the posterior process of the left paramere being long, slender, and smoothly curving, and the right paramere with the apical processes being unequally developed, the left process somewhat longer and broader than the right (fig. 21). Most similar to C. plautus in the small size, lack of sexual dimorphism, and the form of the male genitalia, but easily distinguished by the apically broad apicodorsal spine on the phallotheca in C. plautus ; distinguished from C. vauqueliniae , which also bears two spines on the phallotheca, by the strong sexual dimorphism in the eyes and antennae of that species.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Relatively small among Ceratopsallus spp. , elongate ovoid, total length 2.41–2.57, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 1.66–1.72, width pronotum 0.65–0.72. COLORATION (fig. 2): Body and forewings faded green or pale; brownish spots on the dorsum restricted to the hemelytra and forming a somewhat blotchy pattern; coloration of appendages pale or greenish; membrane boldly marmorate, with a conspicuous and continuous dark area posterior to the cuneus; veins of membrane pale. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 2, 13C): As in generic description. STRUCTURE: Head: Eyes lacking sexual dimorphism, vertex relatively broad (fig. 2), eyes occupying approximately two-thirds height of head; antennal segment 2 weakly tapered proximally; labium reaching apex of hind trochanters. GENITALIA (figs. 21): Vesica: Relatively short, J-shaped. Phallotheca: When viewed laterally without ornamentation on apicodorsal margin, a slender spine on ventral margin, and a second spine on the anterodorsal margin with a weakly flattened and minutely serrate apical region. Parameres: Left paramere with branches of anterior process relatively short, posterior process long, slender, broadly curving downward; right paramere with the apical processes being unequally developed, the left process somewhat longer and broader than the right.

Female: Elongate ovoid; total length 2.39– 2.84, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.68–1.98, width pronotum 0.71–0.86. COL- ORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUC- TURE: Hemelytra extending just beyond apex of abdomen; eyes usually similar in size to those of male (fig. 2); antennal segment 2 tapered toward base. GENITALIA: Not examined.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the collector of most known specimens, Michael D. Schwartz.

HOSTS: Recorded only from Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION (map 4): Known from Fresno and Kern Counties in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, and from Marin County, California.

HOLOTYPE: USA: California: Fresno Co.: 1 km W of Tollhouse on Tollhouse Rd, 37.01038 ° N 119.40385 ° W, 600 m, 25 Jul 1999, M.D. Schwartz, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) , 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00071915) ( CNC).

PARATYPES: USA: California: Fresno Co.: 1 km W of Tollhouse on Tollhouse Rd, 37.01038 ° N 119.40385 ° W, 600 m, 25 Jul 1999, M.D. Schwartz, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) , 3Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00071775, AMNH _PBI 00071777, AMNH _PBI 00071780), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00071785, AMNH _PBI 00071883) ( AMNH). 5Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00071776, AMNH _ PBI 00071778, AMNH _PBI 00071779, AMNH _ PBI 00071882, AMNH _PBI 00071916), 4♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00071784, AMNH _PBI 00071786– AMNH _PBI 00071788) ( CNC). Kern Co.: Cedar Creek Campground on Rt 115, 35.73726 ° N 118.61183 ° W, 1500 m, 26 Jun 1999, M.D. Schwartz, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) , 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00071789) ( AMNH). Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) , 4Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00071781– AMNH _PBI 00071783, AMNH _PBI 00071799), 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00071790– AMNH _PBI 00071792) ( CNC). Marin Co.: Mount Tamalpais State Park, 37.90389 ° N 122.595 ° W, 01 Aug 1916, W.M. Giffard, 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00077822) ( CAS).

Ceratopsallus septentrionalis , new species figures 2, 22; map 4

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the cream to pale greenish coloration, the more or less uniform covering of brownish spots on the dorsum being restricted to the hemelytra (fig. 2), the moderate size among Ceratopsallus spp. , the average total length 2.97, and the structure of the male genitalia, with the vesica being long and almost filamentous and forming a single coil, the phallotheca with a single, short, slender spine on the ventral surface and a broad apex with a straight edge, the left paramere with the right-hand prong of the anterior process flattened, relatively broad, and curving toward the rear of the paramere body, the posterior process of the left paramere long, slender, and nearly straight with a distinct apical ‘‘hook’’, in combination with the right paramere with unequally developed apical processes, the left process being distinctly longer than the right (fig. 22). Most similar to C. plautus and C. schwartzi in the relatively small size, coloration, and lack of sexual dimorphism, but easily distinguished by the single spine on the phallotheca in C. septentrionalis , by the longer vesica, and by the structure of the left paramere with the long straight posterior process with a distinct hook at the apex.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Size moderate among Ceratopsallus spp. , elongate ovoid, total length 2.88–3.10, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 1.98–2.15, width pronotum 0.84–0.97. COLORATION (fig. 2): Body and forewings faded green or pale; brownish spots on the dorsum restricted to the hemelytra, of more or less uniform size and evenly distributed; coloration of appendages pale or greenish; membrane boldly marmorate, with a conspicuous and continuous dark area posterior to the cuneus; veins of membrane pale. SURFACE AND VESTI- TURE (figs. 2, 13C): As in generic description. STRUCTURE: Head: Eyes lacking sexual dimorphism, vertex relatively broad (fig. 2), eyes occupying approximately twothirds height of head; antennal segment 2 weakly tapered proximally (fig. 2); labium long, reaching a short distance beyond hind trochanters. GENITALIA (fig. 22): Vesica: Relatively long, slender, forming a complete coil. Phallotheca: With a broad truncate apex, when viewed laterally usually with a triangular projection on apicodorsal margin, a short, slender spine on ventral margin. Parameres: Left paramere with prongs of anterior process relatively broad, right-hand prong strongly curving and pointed in same direction as posterior process of paramere, posterior process long, slender, nearly straight, with a distinct hook at apex; right paramere with the apical processes unequally developed, the left process being somewhat longer and more slender than the right.

Female: Elongate ovoid; total length 2.70– 3.13, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.83–2.09, width pronotum 0.85–0.93. COL- ORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE

AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUC- TURE: Hemelytra extending just beyond apex of abdomen; eyes usually similar in size to those of male (fig. 2); antennal segment 2 tapered toward base. GENITALIA: Not examined.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for its distribution; from the Latin, septentrionalis , northern.

HOST: Recorded from Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw. and Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION (map 4): Known from Josephine County, in southern Oregon, south to Lake and Trinity Counties in the coastal mountain ranges of northern California.

HOLOTYPE: USA: California: Lake Co.: 22 mi E of Lucerne on Rt 20 [39.0099 ° N 122.43153 ° W], 335 m, 25 Jul 1986, R.T. Schuh, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) , 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00063262) ( AMNH).

PARATYPES: USA: California: Lake Co.: 22 mi E of Lucerne on Rt 20, 39.0099 ° N 122.43153 ° W, 335 m, 25 Jul 1986, R.T. Schuh, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) , 2Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00062817, AMNH _PBI 00062818), 7♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00062819– AMNH _PBI 00062823, AMNH _ PBI 00063265, AMNH _PBI 00063266) ( AMNH). Siskiyou Co.: S boundary Lava Beds National Monument on Medicine Lk. Road, 41.75333 ° N 121.50556 ° W, 17 Jul 1985, G.M. Stonedahl and J.D. McIver, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae) , 20Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00062788– AMNH _PBI 00062805, AMNH _PBI 00063259, AMNH _PBI 00063260), 4♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00062806– AMNH _PBI 00062808, AMNH _PBI 00063263) ( AMNH). Trinity Co.: Van Duzen Road, 40.59833 ° N 124.15611 ° W, 5 Aug 1951, Bliven, 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00077825), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00077826) ( AMNH); 30 Jul 1950 – 15 Aug 1951, B.P. Bliven, 9Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00077234– AMNH _PBI 00077236, AMNH _PBI 00077253– AMNH _PBI 00077256, AMNH _PBI 00077258, AMNH _PBI 00077259), 19♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00077221– AMNH _PBI 00077230, AMNH _ PBI 00077238– AMNH _PBI 00077246) ( CAS). Oregon: Josephine Co.: 7 mi S of Cave Junction, 42.06164 ° N 123.64694 ° W, 400 m, 10 Jul 1979, R.T. and Joe Schuh, Arctostaphylos canescens (Ericaceae) , 3Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00062814– AMNH _PBI 00062816) ( AMNH). Rough and Ready Wayside, S of Cave Junction, 42.16306 ° N 123.64694 ° W, 400 m, 10 Jul 1979, R.T. and Joe Schuh, Arctostaphylos canescens (Ericaceae) , 4Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00062809– AMNH _PBI 00062811, AMNH _PBI 00063261), 3♀ ( AMNH _PBI

00062812, AMNH _PBI 00062813, AMNH _PBI 00063264) ( AMNH).

Ceratopsallus vauqueliniae , new species figures 2, 23; map 4

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the creamy coloration, the more or less uniform covering of brownish spots on the dorsum being restricted to the hemelytra, the strong sexual dimorphism in the eyes and antennae of the males (fig. 2), the relatively small size among Ceratopsallus spp. , the average total length 2.54, and the structure of the male genitalia, the vesica being J-shaped and short, the phallotheca bearing two spines (in common with C. plautus and C. schwartzi ) the one on the ventral surface being slender, the other on the posteroventral surface being apically flattened and truncate, the left paramere with a short body, the posterior process of the left paramere also being short, and the right paramere with the apical processes short and equally developed (fig. 23). Similar to C. plautus and C. schwartzi by virtue of having two spines on the phallotheca, but C. vauqueliniae unique in having both spines on the ventral surface. Similar to C. croceus and C. pantherinus by the presence of distinct sexual dimorphism, the males having large eyes and antennal segment 2 of relatively large and uniform diameter, but both C. croceus and C. pantherinus much larger than C. vauqueliniae and with reddish spots on the dorsum, rather than brown spots.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Relatively small among Ceratopsallus spp. , broadly ovoid, total length 2.52–2.61, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 1.79–1.89, width pronotum 0.89–0.96. COLORATION (fig. 2): Body and forewings pale; brownish spots on the dorsum restricted to the hemelytra, of more or less uniform size and evenly distributed; coloration of appendages pale; membrane boldly marmorate, without a conspicuous and continuous dark area posterior to the cuneus; veins of membrane pale. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 2, 13C): As in generic description. STRUCTURE: Head: Eyes showing strong sexual dimorphism, vertex relatively narrow (fig. 2), eyes occupying almost entire height of head; antennal segment 2 cylindrical, of uniform diameter over entire length; labium reaching apex of hind trochanters. GENITALIA (figs. 23): Vesica: Short, J-shaped. Phallotheca: When viewed laterally without ornamentation on apicodorsal margin, a slender spine on ventral margin, and a second rather broadly flattened spine with a truncate apex on the posteroventral margin. Parameres: Left paramere with very short body, prongs of anterior process broadly separated, relatively short, posterior process short, nearly straight in lateral view; right paramere with the apical processes of about equal length.

Female: Elongate ovoid; total length 2.54– 2.76, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.82–1.94, width pronotum 0.88–0.97. COL- ORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUC- TURE: Hemelytra extending just beyond apex of abdomen; eyes smaller than those of male; vertex relatively broad (fig. 2); antennal segment 2 tapered toward base. GENITALIA: Not examined.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the host, Vauquelinia californica (Torr.) Sarg. (Rosaceae) .

HOST: Recorded only from Vauquelinia californica (Rosaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION (map 4): Known only from the type locality in Pima County , southern Arizona.

HOLOTYPE: USA: Arizona: Pima Co. : 4 mi N of Coronado Natl. Forest boundary on Mount Lemmon Rd [32.36 ° N 110.7 ° W], 1219 m, 11 Jun 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, Vauquelinia californica (Torr.) Sarg. (Rosaceae) , 1Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00063232) ( AMNH).

PARATYPES: USA: Arizona: Pima Co. : 4 mi N of Coronado Natl. Forest boundary on Mount Lemmon Rd, 32.36 ° N 110.7 ° W, 1219 m, 11 Jun 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, Vauquelinia californica (Rosaceae) , 3Oi ( AMNH _PBI 00063229– AMNH _PBI 00063231), 5♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00063233– AMNH _PBI 00063237) ( AMNH).