Perdita (Procockerellia) moabensis Timblerlake

Portman, Zachary M. & Griswold, Terry, 2017, Review of PerditasubgenusProcockerellia Timberlake (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) and the first Perdita gynandromorph, ZooKeys 712, pp. 87-111 : 96-101

Perdita (Procockerellia) moabensis Timblerlake Figures 1 B–C, 2B, E, 4 D–E, 5B, E, H, 6B, E, H, 8B, 9

Perdita (Procockerellia) moabensis Timberlake, 1971: 7, ♀; Timberlake, 1980: 15, ♂. Holotype female: USA, Utah, Grand Co., Moab, 8 August 1963, G.F. Knowlton [SEMC]. Examined.

Perdita (Allomacrotera) moabensis ; Timberlake, 1980: 15 (change of subgenus).

Measurements.

Female (n=10): head width 1.6 mm (1.5-1.7 mm), body length 6.0 mm (5.3-6.4 mm). Male (n=10): head width 1.7 mm (1.2-1.9 mm), body length 5.8 mm (4.6-6.4 mm).

Diagnosis.

Both sexes of P. moabensis have the maxillary palpi 5-segmented and the frons and vertex are strongly tessellate and dull. Additionally, the head and mesosoma often have a more greenish (rather than bluish) cast. The female can be recognized by the relatively reduced facial markings which range from transverse lateral marks (Fig. 5B) to entirely absent. In addition, the mandibles are only slightly expanded medially (Fig. 5E) and the metasomal bands are curved towards the apical margins (Fig. 5H).

The male of P. moabensis is unique in having the apical margin of S1 slightly flexed out medially (Fig. 6H) as well as S8 bifurcate apically (Fig. 3E). Both characters are subtle but diagnostic in the male, as this is the only Perdita species known to have either of these characters. The male can be further distinguished by the strongly tessellate and dull frons and vertex, the evenly rounded pygidial plate, and the bidentate hind tarsal claws (though this may be hard to see).

Distribution.

Colorado, Utah and Arizona: Colorado Plateau (Fig. 8B).

Phenology.

Floral records.

Apocynaceae (2 ♂ 1 ♀): Cycladenia humilis 2 ♂ 1 ♀, Asteraceae (11 ♂ 19 ♀): Helianthus annuus 1 ♂, Lygodesmia sp. 1 ♀, Stephanomeria exigua 8 ♂ 8 ♀, S. pauciflora 2 ♀, S. sp. 1 ♂ 3 ♀, Vanclevea stylosa 1 ♂ 5 ♀, Commelinaceae (1 ♂): Tradescantia occidentalis 1 ♂, Fabaceae (1 ♂): Psoralea sp. 1 ♂, Lamiaceae (1 ♂): Poliomintha incana 1 ♂, Malvaceae (1 ♂): Sphaeralcea coccinea 1 ♂, Polemoniaceae (3 ♂): Gilia inconspicua 2 ♂, G. sp. 1 ♂.

Additional material examined.

Total specimens: 192 ♂ 327 ♀ 1 gynandromorph. USA: ARIZONA: Coconino County: Colorado River, Lee’s Ferry (36.86583 -111.58783): 2 ♀, 9 Jun 2001, L.E. Stevens, Stephanomeria pauciflora . COLORADO: Mesa County: (39.0295 -108.6276): 3 ♀, 15-16 Jun 2011, collector unknown. UTAH: Emery County: Buckskin Springs (38.62 -110.6733): 14 ♂ 26 ♀, 5 Aug 1997, F.D. Parker; Flat Top Pass (38.5417 -110.4906): 1 ♂, 16 Jun 2000, F.D. Parker; Gilson Butte Well (38.5876 -110.583): 27 ♂ 64 ♀, 20 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker; 2 ♀, 22-26 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser; 2 ♂ 2 ♀, 27 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, M. Metz, M. Hauser, C. Lambkin; Gilson Butte, 4 air mi N (38.64 -110.63): 6 ♂ 22 ♀, 20-23 Jul 1981, D.F. Veirs, T.L. Griswold, F.D. Parker; 1 ♀, 21 Jul 1981, D.F. Veirs, T.L. Griswold, F.D. Parker; 11 ♂ 21 ♀, 5 Aug 1997, F.D. Parker; Gilson Butte, 7 km NW; 30 km N Hanksville (38.6333 -110.6333): 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 21 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker, M.E. Irwin, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser; Goblin Valley turnoff, 25 mi N Hanksville (38.6299 -110.568): 4 ♂ 20 ♀, 16 Sep 1979, F.D. Parker, D.F. Veirs; Goblin Valley, sand dunes (38.64 -110.63): 1 ♂ 3 ♀, 16 Sep 1979, C.L. Hatley, G. Briggs; 12 ♀, 16 Sep 1979, F.D. Parker, D.F. Veirs; Goblin Valley, wash (38.5961 -110.7028): 14 ♀, 16 Sep 1979, F.D. Parker, D.F. Veirs; Iron Wash, 32 km SW Green River (38.7833 -110.4333): 1 ♂, 21 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser; Little Flat Top, 4 km E (38.5333 -110.45): 2 ♂ 2 ♀, 22 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, M. Metz, M. Hauser, C. Lambkin; 1 ♂ 9 ♀, 27 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser, M.E. Irwin; 4 ♀, 27 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, M. Metz, M. Hauser, C. Lambkin; Little Flat Top, 8 km E (38.5167 -110.4333): 1 ♂, 20 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, M. Metz, M. Hauser, C. Lambkin; 2 ♂ 1 ♀, 22-26 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, M. Metz, M. Hauser, C. Lambkin; 1 ♂, 27 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, M. Metz, M. Hauser, C. Lambkin; Little Flat Top (38.5333 -110.4833): 2 ♂ 2 ♀, 20 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker, M.E. Irwin; 1 ♀, 27 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser, M.E. Irwin; 5 ♂ 6 ♀, 27 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker, M.E. Irwin; Little Gilson Butte, 0.5 air mi E (38.5924 -110.594): 9 ♂ 5 ♀, 5 Aug 1997, F.D. Parker; Little Gilson Butte, 0.5 mi E (38.58 -110.59): 1 ♀, 27 Aug 1985, T.L. Griswold, Vanclevea stylosa ; Little Gilson Butte, 2 air mi E(38.5917 -110.5737): 2 ♂ 6 ♀, 24-26 Aug 1981, D.F. Veirs, T.L. Griswold, F.D. Parker, S. exigua ; 1 ♂, 25 Aug 1981, D.F. Veirs, T.L. Griswold, F.D. Parker; 2 ♀, 5 Aug 1997, F.D. Parker; Little Gilson Butte, 2 mi E (38.5917 -110.5737): 26 ♂ 24 ♀, 5 Aug 1997, F.D. Parker; Little Gilson Butte, near (38.58 -110.59): 2 ♂, 21 Aug 1980, A.S. Menke, F.D. Parker; Mollys Castle turnoff (38.5492 -110.6184): 1 ♂ 4 ♀, 28 Aug 1985, T.L. Griswold, V. stylosa ; San Rafael Desert, Butte (38.0 -110.0): 1 ♂, 31 Jul 2000, F.D. Parker; San Rafael Reef, E edge, 2.8 mi S I-70 (38.88694 -110.44416): 1 ♂, 15 Jun 1991, S. Sipes, W.R. Bowlin, Cycladenia humilis ; 1 ♀, 16 Jun 1991, S. Sipes, W.R. Bowlin, C. humilis ; 1 ♂, 17 Jun 1991, S. Sipes, W.R. Bowlin, C. humilis ; South Temple Wash (38.65 -110.66): 1 ♀, 22 Aug 1989, J. Burner, Lygodesmia sp.; South Temple Wash (38.65 -110.6667): 5 ♂ 4 ♀, 21 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser, F.D. Parker; 4 ♂ 1 ♀, 22-26 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser, M.E. Irwin; 1 ♂, 22-26 Aug 2001, M.E. Irwin, C. Lambkin, M. Metz, M. Hauser; Temple Mountain, 3.5 mi SSE San Rafael Desert (38.638 -110.6636): 2 ♂ 19 ♀, 5 Aug 1997, F.D. Parker; Wild Horse Creek, N Goblin Valley(38.5961 -110.7028): 1 ♂ 4 ♀, 21-23 Jul 1981, D.F. Veirs, T.L. Griswold, F.D. Parker; 1 ♀, 13 Sep 1982, F.D. & J.H. Parker; 1 ♀, 13 Sep 1982, F.D. & J.H. Parker, S. sp.; 3 ♀ 1 ♀, 13 Sep 1983, F.D. & J.H. Parker; 1 ♀, 13 Sep 1983, F.D. & J.H. Parker, S. sp.; 12 ♂ 4 ♀, 5 Aug 1997, F.D. Parker; Wildhorse Creek, 2 mi E (38.5819 -110.7833): 6 ♂, 21 Aug 2001, collector unknown; Wildhorse Creek, 2 mi N (38.618 -110.675): 3 ♂, 21 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker; Wildhorse Creek (38.5852 -110.7008): 4 ♂ 2 ♀ 1 gynandromorph, 21 Aug 2001, F.D. Parker; Garfield County: Alvey Wash, 12 km S Escalante (37.6813 -111.4858): 1 ♂, 24 May 2002, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker; Calf Creek (37.7645 -111.4046): 1 ♂, 4 Jul 2001, O.J. Messinger, Sphaeralcea coccinea ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 11 Aug 2003, S.M. Higbee, S. exigua ; 1 ♂, 23 Sep 2003, S.M. Higbee, S. exigua ; Duffy Mesa, 2 mi NNW (39.10327 -108.45874): 1 ♂, 17 Jun 2003, H. Ikerd, S. exigua ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 15 Sep 2003, A. Johansen; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 29 Sep 2003, S.M. Higbee, S. sp.; Escalante Riv., jct Death Hollow, 1.3 mi W (37.7808 -111.5353): 1 ♂, 5 Sep 2001, B. Morgan; 1 ♂, 21 Aug 2002, C.M. Davidson, S. exigua ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 13 Aug 2003, O.J. Messinger; Hole in the Rock Road, Halfway Hollow (37.6338 -111.4449): 1 ♂ 8 ♀, 5-19 Jul 2003, H. Ikerd; 1 ♂ 4 ♀, 19-29 Jul 2003, H. Ikerd; Hwy 95, jct Hwy 276, 12 mi S (37.9046 -110.452): 1 ♂, 24 May 2000, F.D. Parker; Hwy 95, jct Hwy 276, 9 mi S (37.9107 -110.577): 2 ♂, 24 May 2000, F.D. Parker; 1 ♂, 24 May 2000, F.D. Parker, Psoralea sp.; Red Breaks, 2.3 mi NW (37.6924 -111.379): 1 ♂, 25 Jun 2003, H. Ikerd, Helianthus annuus ; Ticaboo, 4 mi S (37.6142 -110.7168): 1 ♂, 25 May 2000, F.D. Parker; Ticaboo, 5 mi N (37.7368 -110.6635): 1 ♂, 25 May 2000, F.D. Parker; Woodruff Springs, 54 km S Hanksville (37.8661 -110.6178): 2 ♀, 22-27 May 2002, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker; Kane County: Billy Pasture, 0.4 mi N (37.2059 -112.2912): 1 ♂, 5 Sep 2003, T.L. Griswold, Tradescantia occidentalis ; Coral Pink Sand Dunes State Park, all Swales (37.03521 -112.73325): 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 30 Jul 1994, C.B. Knisley, J.M. Hill; Dry Fork, N (37.441 -111.2307): 1 ♂, 18 Sep 2003, J. Tolliver, S. exigua ; Dry Fork (37.4817 -111.2205): 1 ♂, 5 Jun 2000, J. Grixti, Poliomintha incana ; 1 ♀, 18 Sep 2003, J. Tolliver, S. exigua ; Sunset Natural Arch, 0.72 mi NE (37.3822 -111.0374): 1 ♂, 5 Jun 2001, L. Topham, Gilia inconspicua ; 1 ♂, 5 Jun 2001, R. Andrus, G. inconspicua ; Twentyfive Mile Wash, 1.5 mi S (37.5322 -111.1788): 1 ♂, 4 Jun 2001, S. Messinger, S. exigua ; Twentyfive Mile Wash, 1.6 mi S (37.5308 -111.1773): 1 ♂, 4 Jun 2001, S. Messinger, G. sp.; Wayne County: The Notch, 6 mi N Hanksville (38.45107 -110.68065): 1 ♂, 16 Aug 1992, T.L. Griswold.

Gynandromorph.

A single gynandromorph of P. moabensis was discovered during the course of this study. It was collected in a pan trap on the 21st of August 2001 at Wildhorse Creek in Emery County, UT by Frank Parker (accession number BBSL468079). The gynandromorph is almost entirely female, except the left side of the head (Fig. 9), the left foreleg, and the left midleg are male. The face is split cleanly down the middle; the female half has an antenna with 12 antennal segments, whereas the male half has 13 antennal segments. The pronotal collar on the male side is slightly more protuberant than the female side, but not as much as in a typical male. The rest of the thorax, including the wings and hind legs, are entirely female. This unique specimen is the first known gynandromorph in Perdita . Further, this is the first recorded gynandromorph in Panurginae; all previously known gynandromorphs in the family Andrenidae have been restricted to the genus Andrena ( Wcislo et al. 2004, Hinojosa-Díaz et al. 2012), although an intersex (blended male and female characters) Acamptopoeum submetallicum (Spinola) has been previously documented ( Ramos and Ruz 2013).

Remarks.

Timberlake (1980) reported that the male of this species had only four maxillary palpi. Examination of many specimens (including the female holotype) reveals that the species always has five maxillary palpi.