Hepsetus odoe ( Bloch, 1794 )

Decru, E., Vreven, E. & Snoeks, J., 2011, A revision of the West African Hepsetus (Characiformes: Hepsetidae) with a description of Hepsetus akawo sp. nov. and a redescription of Hepsetus odoe (Bloch, 1794), Journal of Natural History 46 (1 - 2), pp. 1-23 : 8-13

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2011.622055

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10537058

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/87098107-1142-FF80-84A7-253326F94386

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Hepsetus odoe ( Bloch, 1794 )
status

 

Hepsetus odoe ( Bloch, 1794) View in CoL

Type material

Holotype: ZMB 3615, 149.4 mm SL, Coast of Guinea, provided by Dr Isert ( Paepke 1999).

Diagnosis

Hepsetus odoe can be distinguished from all other Hepsetus species by the following unique combination of characters; number of lateral line scales, high: 50–60 (exceptionally 49); nostril-lower jaw distance, high: 40.4–47.6 (42.6) % HL (Figure 3); number of gill rakers on first arch, low: 14–22; number of scales between dorsal fin and lateral line: 71 / 2 – 91 / 2; and number of scales between adipose fin and lateral line: 41 / 2 – 61 / 2.

Description

A representative specimen is illustrated in Figure 4 View Figure 4 . Maximum observed size: 350.0 mm SL. Meristic and morphometric data are given in respectively Tables 3 and 4.

Head intermediately broad, but relatively deep. Intermediate snout width and snout length compared with congeners. Body rather broad, more or less as broad as the head. Body form elongate, with dorsal and anal fins, though in a posterior position in all Hepsetus species , more forward-positioned relative to the other Hepsetus . High number of scales and an intermediate to high number of quite small gill rakers on the first gill arch.

Differential diagnosis

Hepsetus odoe can be distinguished from H. akawo by a higher total number of lateral line scales [50–60 (exceptionally 49) vs 43–51], and by a longer nostril-lower jaw distance [40.4–47.6 (42.6) % HL vs 36.6–42.1 (39.6) % HL].

Notes: SL, standard length; HL, head length.

Hepsetus odoe can be distinguished from H. cuvieri by a higher number of gill rakers (14–22 vs 8–13), a lower number of scales between dorsal fin and lateral line (71 / 2 – 91 / 2 vs 101 / 2 – 111 / 2); and a lower number of scales between adipose fin and lateral line (41 / 2 – 61 / 2 vs 61 / 2 – 71 / 2).

Colouration (in alcohol)

General colour pattern quite variable from light brownish with a yellow belly to a dark brownish colour all over the body. Dorsal surface of head and body darker than ventrally with a gradual change from darker to lighter tones on the flanks. Some specimens more uniformly coloured. A vague horizontal line pattern on the flanks, from anterior border of adipose fin (occasionally from posterior border of dorsal fin) to caudal fin base is sometimes present, resulting from the scales having a darker upper and lower border, while the remaining part of the scales remains paler. These lines cover the flanks from approximately three scale rows above down to two scale rows below the lateral line. Higher on the flanks, there is sometimes a mosaic pattern in the overall colour of the scales (darker and brighter scales alternating) from approximately three scales above the lateral line to eight lines above the lateral line. Sometimes series of 10 to 16 greyish vertical bands present on the dorsolateral body parts. The presence of these bands appears to be linked to stress (personal observation). Rounded dorsoventrally elongated blackish spot behind the head and just above the lateral line.

Posterior part of head with three, well-marked, dark brownish bands running from posterior border of the eye to anterior edge of preopercle. Bands sometimes faded and poorly visible. Lower half of postopercle brownish, sometimes blackish. All fins but the adipose fin yellowish to dark brownish (more or less the same as body colour); distally translucent. Caudal fin translucent, in mid-centre and proximally on upper and lower lobes. Dorsal, anal and caudal fins with prominent small, roundish, darkbrown spots. Spots on fins more prominent on larger specimens (±> 150 mm SL). Some large specimens (±> 290 mm SL) with spots also on pelvic fins. Adipose fin base yellowish to darker brownish, black distally.

Distribution

The distribution of H. odoe covers the westernmost part of the distribution area of the genus ( Figure 5 View Figure 5 ). The species is known from the region between the Senegal River ( Senegal) in the west to the Cavally River ( Ivory Coast) in the east.

Etymology

The specific name is possibly derived from the Greek ‘ odon ’ which means tooth ( Brown 1954).

Additional specimens examined (ordered by river system; all sizes as SL)

Senegal: MRAC 73-5 View Materials -P-449; 226.0 mm; Dakar Bango, riv. Djeuss, près de St-Louis (16 ◦ 03 ′ N, 16 ◦ 29 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Casamance: MRAC 73-5 View Materials -P-451-452; 198.5–202.5 mm; Guérina, marigot, bassin fl. Casamance (12 ◦ 46 ′ N, 16 ◦ 15 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Gambia: MRAC 73-5 View Materials -P-450., 289.5 mm; Georgetown, fl . Gambie (13 ◦ 31 ′ N, 14 ◦ 45 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 81-03 View Materials -P-282; 120.0 mm; Ba-Foula-Bé, riv . Gambia (13 ◦ 01 ′ N, 13 ◦ 14 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 79-2 View Materials -P-165-169; n = 3; 147.0–192.0 mm; Ba-Foula-Bé, riv . Gambia (13 ◦ 01 ′ N, 13 ◦ 14 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 80-01 View Materials -P-81-82; 195.5– 125.5 mm; Ba-Foula-Bé, riv . Gambia (13 ◦ 01 ′ N, 13 ◦ 14 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Waanje: MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-966; 314.0 mm; Kalu, pêche dans le lac Mabesi et la riv. Malen (07 ◦ 14 ′ N, 11 ◦ 45 ′ W) GoogleMaps . Moa: MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-967; n = 2 (instead of one); 169.5–180.5 mm; near Moa River, north east of Kenema , marigots près de la Moa River, à 4–5 km du nord du pont (07 ◦ 52 ′ N, 11 ◦ 08 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-971-974; n = 2; 125.5–174.5 mm; Pendehun, riv. Moa, à ± 3 km en amont du pont (07 ◦ 51 ′ N, 11 ◦ 09 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Kogon: MRAC 92-059 View Materials -P-0648; 203.0 mm; Kamouri, riv. Batapon, affl. rio Nuñez (11 ◦ 00 ′ N, 14 ◦ 19 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 92-059 View Materials -P-00657; 149.5 mm; Ndyarendi, riv. Kogon (± 11 ◦ 21 ′ N, 14 ◦ 30 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 92-059 View Materials -P-0649; 177.0 mm; Ndyarendi, riv. Kogon (± 11 ◦ 21 ′ N, 14 ◦ 30 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 92-059 View Materials -P-0650-0655; n = 5; 169.0–230.0 mm; Dabiss, riv. Aboulapon , affl. Kogon (11 ◦ 11 ′ N, 14 ◦ 32 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Kapatchez: MRAC 92-059 View Materials -P-0636-0647; n = 11; 144.0–180.0 mm; rio Kapatchez , pont près de Songolon (Kakala) (10 ◦ 43 ′ N, 14 ◦ 22 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Loffa: MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-975; 276.0 mm; Bombo-junction, marais et marigots à ± 16 km à l’est de Mano, route Mano-Bomi Hills (07 ◦ 22 ′ N, 10 ◦ 53 ′ W). MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P- 976; 303.0 mm; bombo-junction, marais et marigots à ± 16 km à l’est de Mano, route Mano-Bomi Hills (07 ◦ 22 ′ N, 10 ◦ 53 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

St Paul: MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-977; 343.0 mm; Mount Coffee , St. Paul riv., lac de barrage (06 ◦ 32 ′ N, 10 ◦ 35 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

St. John: MRAC 80-36 View Materials -P-814; 178.0 mm; Jusohn , Sangwin bekken (06 ◦ 04 ′ N, 08 ◦ 37 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-978; 287.0 mm; Hartford , riv. St. John, en aval du pont et des premiers rapides (05 ◦ 59 ′ N, 09 ◦ 59 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 80-36 View Materials -P-815; 199.5 mm; Chesla , Sangwin bekken (06 ◦ 07 ′ N, 08 ◦ 34 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 80-36 View Materials -P-813; 131.5 mm; Jusohn , Sangwin bekken (06 ◦ 04 ′ N, 08 ◦ 37 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Cavally: MRAC 80-36 View Materials -P-812; 215.5 mm; Zleh Town , Cavalla basin (06 ◦ 13 ′ N, 08 ◦ 25 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 80-19 View Materials -P-42-43; 227.0–256.0 mm; riv. Cavally en face du village de Tai (05 ◦ 52 ′ N, 07 ◦ 27 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 85-29 View Materials -P-241-242; 209.0– 228.5 mm; Binhouye , riv. Nipoué (06 ◦ 47 ′ N, 08 ◦ 19 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-963; 110.0 mm; Sahibli , riv. Cavally (06 ◦ 33 ′ N, 08 ◦ 20 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-965; 140.4 mm; village Zoguiné , marigots du bassin de la riv. Cavally (06 ◦ 32 ′ N, 08 ◦ 28 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-959-960; 107.0– 130.5 mm; Sahibli , riv. Cavally (06 ◦ 33 ′ N, 08 ◦ 20 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Additional specimens identified (ordered by river system; all sizes as SL)

Gambia: MRAC 73-5 View Materials -P-456; 183.0 mm; Kounkane , riv. Kanyanga, tributaire de la riv. Geba (12 ◦ 55 ′ N, 14 ◦ 06 ′ W). MRAC 81-03 View Materials -P-283-284; 114.0– 130.5 mm; Kayanga riv. (12 ◦ 49 ′ N, 14 ◦ 10 ′ W). MRAC B0-16-P-001-0010, 222.5–295.0 mm SL Rivière GoogleMaps Gambie au village Kani Kunda , situe à l’est de la ville de Farafenni (± 13 ◦ 33 ′ N, 15 ◦ 24 ′ W) Khady Diouf Goudiaby and Mamadou N’diaye, 22 July 2010 GoogleMaps .

Cassamance: MRAC 73-5 View Materials -P-453-455; 205.5–208.8 mm; Kolda, haut fl. Casamance (12 ◦ 53 ′ N, 14 ◦ 57 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Moa: MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-968-969; 64.6–107.5 mm; Pendehun, riv. Moa, à ± 3 km en amont du pont (07 ◦ 51 ′ N, 11 ◦ 09 ′ W). MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-970; 67.0 mm; Pendehun, riv. Moa, à ± 3 km en amont du pont (07 ◦ 51 ′ N, 11 ◦ 09 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Kogon: MRAC 92-059 View Materials -P-0656; 56.8 mm; Pabole, afflt. du Kogon (11 ◦ 21 ′ N, 14 ◦ 08 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

St John: MRAC 80-36 View Materials -P-801; 310 mm; L . T.C. camp (06 ◦ 16 ′ N, 08 ◦ 40 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 80-60 View Materials -P-803-809; 113.0– 245.2 mm; Cestos , south of L . T.C. (± 06 ◦ 16 ′ N, 08 ◦ 43 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 80-36 View Materials -P-810-811; 42.0– 43.2 mm; Duo Town (05 ◦ 42 ′ N, 08 ◦ 06 ′ W) GoogleMaps . MRAC 80- 36 View Materials -P-802; 106.0 mm; Duzei , Cestos bekken (06 ◦ 16 ′ N, 08 ◦ 42 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Nipoué: MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-964; 112.5 mm; Toyebli, riv. Cess (06 ◦ 38 ′ N, 08 ◦ 29 ′ W). MRAC 86-18 View Materials -P-336-337; 113.0– 132.5 mm; Binhouye, riv. Nipoué (06 ◦ 47 ′ N, 08 ◦ 19 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

Cavally: MRAC 73-10 View Materials -P-962; 293.3 mm; Sahibli, riv. Cavally (06 ◦ 33 ′ N, 08 ◦ 20 ′ W) GoogleMaps .

ZMB

Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)

MRAC

Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale

T

Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics

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