Putaoa annulata, Liu & Xu & Hormiga & Yin & Li, 2023

Liu, Jinxin, Xu, Xiang, Hormiga, Gustavo, Yin, Haiqiang & Li, Hao, 2023, Two new species of the spider genus Putaoa (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from southern China, Zootaxa 5277 (3), pp. 553-564 : 554-556

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.3.7
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3762065B-479C-4669-AA3A-8855D5814516
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7896110
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/88418785-5C79-B550-BA9D-5855FD26FE3C
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Putaoa annulata
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Putaoa annulata new species

(Ịƥgḓ)

Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2 View FIGURE 2 , 5A–C View FIGURE 5 , 6A, B View FIGURE 6 , 7B View FIGURE 7

Holotype ♁ ( HNU250 View Materials ): CHINA, Hunan Province, Hengyang City, Hengshan Mountain, Banshanting , 26°16.73'N, 112°42.49'E, 620m, 17 X 2015, Ailan He, Bing Zhou, Wang Liu, Chen Zeng, Zhuo’er Chen. GoogleMaps Paratypes: 1♁ ( HNU392 View Materials ) 1♀ ( HNU251 View Materials ), same data as the holotype; 1♁ ( HNU252 View Materials ) 1♀ ( HNU253 View Materials ), CHINA, Hunan Province, Shaoyang City, Xinning County, Tianyixiang , 26°21.22'N, 110°48.25'E, 586m, 21 XI 2014, Haiqiang Yin, Cheng Wang, Jiahui Gan, Bing Zhou, Yuhui Gong; GoogleMaps 2♁ ( HNU255 View Materials , HNU256 View Materials ) 2♀ ( HNU257 View Materials , HNU258 View Materials ), CHINA, Hunan Province, Hengyang City, Hengshan Mountain, Wanshou village , 27°31.51'N, 112°10.63'E, 487m, 20 X 2015, Ailan He, Bing Zhou, Wang Liu, Chen Zeng, Zhuo’er Chen; GoogleMaps 2♀ ( HNU430 View Materials , HNU431 View Materials ), CHINA, Hunan Province, Zhangjiajie City, Wulingyuan District, Suoxiyu Town , portal of the Laoxiyu Tunnel , 29°17.33'N, 110°29.08'E, 456m, 23 IIII 2016, Wang Liu, Chen Zeng, Tian Tian; GoogleMaps 1♁ ( HNU479 View Materials ) 3♀ ( HNU712–714 View Materials ), CHINA, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Laibin City , Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan Mountain , Shengtangshan scenic area, 23°59.12'N, 110°8.23'E, 12 X 2021, Ailan He, Jinxin Liu, Zongguang Huang, Rongrong Liao, Qing Li, Xuemei Yang, Yingli Wen, Zhao Ye, Yang Liu. GoogleMaps Other specimens examined.: 2♁ ( HNU 489, HNU 490), CHINA, Hunan Province, Hengshan City, Hengshan Mountain , 14 XI 2007, Xiaoqi Mi [no more information in the label]; GoogleMaps 1♁ ( HNU691 View Materials ) 1♀ ( HNU692 View Materials ), CHINA, Hunan Province, Hengshan City, Hengshan Mountain , 28 VII 2007, Guo Tang, Xiaoqi Mi [no more information in the label]; GoogleMaps 3♁ ( HNU264–266 View Materials ) 13♀ ( HNU267–279 View Materials ), CHINA, Hunan Province, Chenzhou City, Mangshan Mountain, Hejiawan , 24°55.58'N, 112°50.35'E, 640m, 11 XII 2017, Haiqiang Yin, Ailan He, Jinxin Liu; GoogleMaps 1♁ ( HNU280 View Materials ) 2♀ ( HNU281 View Materials , HNU282 View Materials ), CHINA, Hunan Province, Chenzhou City, Mangshan Mountain, Yanziyan , 25°2.31'N, 112°47.12'E, 390m, 10 XII 2017, Haiqiang Yin, Ailan He, Jinxin Liu; GoogleMaps 1♀ ( HNU283 View Materials ), CHINA, Hunan Province, Chenzhou City, Mangshan Mountain , Xiangsikeng , 24°56.98'N, 112°59.33'E, 1300m, 8 XII 2017, Haiqiang Yin, Ailan He, Jinxin Liu; GoogleMaps aftermentioned specimens are collected in Langshan Mountain , Xinning County, Shaoyang City, Hunan Province, China, by Haiqiang Yin, Cheng Wang, Jiahui Gan , Bing Zhou and Yuhui Gong: GoogleMaps 5♁ ( HNU403–407 View Materials ) 6♀ ( HNU254 View Materials , HNU408–412 View Materials ), Tianyixiang , 26°21.22'N, 110°48.25'E, 586m, 21 XI 2014; GoogleMaps 1♁ ( HNU422 View Materials ), Feiliandong , 26°21.48'N, 110°47.92'E, 403m, 23 XI 2014; GoogleMaps 1♁ ( HNU425 View Materials ) 3♀ ( HNU426–428 View Materials ), Tianyixiang , 26°21.45'N, 110°48.19'E, 556m, 25 XI 2014; GoogleMaps 1♀ ( HNU423 View Materials ), Zixiadong , 26°23.13'N, 110°48.46'E, 465m, 26 XI 2014; GoogleMaps 1♀ ( HNU424 View Materials ), Lajiaofeng , 26°23.14'N, 110°48.46'E, 653m, 27 XI 2014; GoogleMaps 1♀ ( HNU393 View Materials ), Luotuofeng, 26°20.47'E, 110°46.06'E, 482m, 27 XI 2014. The following specimens were collected in Hengshan Mountain, Hengyang City , Hunan Province, China, by Ailan He, Bing Zhou, Wang Liu , Chen Zeng , Zhuo’er Chen: GoogleMaps 1♁ ( HNU260 View Materials ) 2♀ ( HNU259 View Materials , HNU261 View Materials ), Wanshou village , 27°31.51'N, 112°10.63'E, 487m, 20 X 2015; GoogleMaps 3♁ ( HNU394–396 View Materials ) 7♀ ( HNU262 View Materials , HNU397–402 View Materials ), Wanshou Village , 27°31.51'N, 112°10.63'E, 487m, 19 X 2015; GoogleMaps 1♀ ( HNU413 View Materials ), Martyry ( Zhonglieci ), 27°15.96'N, 112°42.67'E, 427m, 19 X 2015; GoogleMaps 1♁ ( HNU420 View Materials ) 1♀ ( HNU421 View Materials ), Depository of Buddhist texts ( Cangjingge ), 27°16.06'N, 112°41.53'E, 999m, 21 X 2015; GoogleMaps 4♁ ( HNU414– 417 View Materials ) 1♀ ( HNU418 View Materials ), Martyry ( Zhonglieci ), 27°31.58'N, 112°21.63'E, 487m, 21 X 2015 GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The species epithet is derived from the Latin word for ring (annulus), in reference to the proximal half of the embolus which in prolateral view resembles a ring.

Diagnosis. Males of this new species can be distinguished from those of Putaoa seediq Hormiga and Dimitrov, 2017 by having the distal suprategular apophysis more developed and lobate, and the embolic process robust and sclerotized, while the distal suprategular apophysis is small and spiculate and the embolic process thin and membranous in P. seediq (compare Figs 2A–D View FIGURE 2 , 6A, B View FIGURE 6 with figs 2C, D, 3B, D in Hormiga and Dimitrov (2017)). Females of this new species resemble those of Putaoa titanoverpa n. sp. in having a flat basal epigynal plate, but can be distinguished by having the posterior margin of the basal plate nearly straight, and the copulatory ducts long and curved, while the medial posterior margin of the basal plate protruded towards apically to form an obtuse triangle, and the copulatory ducts are short and thick in P. titanoverpa n. sp. (compare Figs 1E–G View FIGURE 1 , 5C View FIGURE 5 with Figs 3E, F View FIGURE 3 , 5F View FIGURE 5 ).

Description. Male (holotype; HNU250, Figs 1A View FIGURE 1 , 2 View FIGURE 2 ). Total length 9.12. Cephalothorax 4.94 long, 3.82 wide. Sternum 2.16 long, 1.92 wide. Abdomen 4.40 long, 3.38 wide. Anterior median eye diameter 0.18. Clypeus height 1.5 times one anterior median eye diameter. Carapace with shallow and longitudinal fovea ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ). Chelicerae with four prolateral and four retrolateral teeth ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); stridulatory striae absent. Legs annulated with spines and with annulations alternating brown and black. Leg measurements: I 15.26 (4.33, 1.46, 3.71, 3.89, 1.87), II 14.01 (4.12, 1.39, 3.38, 3.51, 1.61), III 1.16 (3.33, 1.25, 2.58, 2.69, 1.31), IV 13.60 (3.94, 1.26, 3.28, 3.66, 1.46). Metatarsus I and II trichobothria (TmI and TmII) 0.25 approximately; Metatarsus III and IV trichobothria (TmIII and TmIV) 0.33 approximately.All metatarsal trichobothria located on the dorsum, near the retrolateral surface. Abdomen with some large brown patches and a few of white spots dorsally. Palp: tibia short, with three retrolateral trichobothria, one distal prolateral seta and one thick and short dorsal macroseta retrolaterally ( Figs 2C, D View FIGURE 2 , 6A, B View FIGURE 6 ). Cymbium with a conical ectal process ( Figs 2B View FIGURE 2 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ), apically pointed, and two basal cymbial apophyses near the edge of paracymbium ( Figs 2E View FIGURE 2 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Paracymbium glabrous, concave and bowl-like, apically hooked, with edge of median margin curved inward ( Figs 2E View FIGURE 2 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ), connected to cymbial base by means of a membrane, ventral to a bipartite basal cymbial apophysis. Tegulum large and pointed apically, and with base connecting to suprategulum which is prolonged and divided into three processes, embolus, embolic process and distal suprategular apophysis ( Figs 2C View FIGURE 2 , 6B View FIGURE 6 ). Embolus sinuous, well developed, with proximal half ring-like, flat and wide, and distal half gradually becoming narrow and somewhat sharp ( Figs 2A View FIGURE 2 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Embolic process sclerotized, pointed apically, running parallel to embolus end ( Figs 2A, C View FIGURE 2 , 6B View FIGURE 6 ). Distal suprategular apophysis sclerotized and lobate, almost in contact with apicoventral area of cymbium, extending towards tegulum apex across gap between bulb and cymbium ( Figs 2B, C View FIGURE 2 , 6A, B View FIGURE 6 ). Conductor membranous, on apical end on tegulum ( Figs 2A, C View FIGURE 2 , 6A, B View FIGURE 6 ). Median apophysis absent.

Female (paratype, HNU251). Total length 9.95 ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ). Cephalothorax 4.56 long, 3.47 wide. Sternum 2.33 long, 2.06 wide ( Fig. 1D View FIGURE 1 ). Abdomen 5.68 long, 4.83 wide. Anterior median eye diameter 0.19. Clypeus height 1.4 times one anterior median eye diameter. Chelicerae with five prolateral and five retrolateral teeth ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ); stridulatory striae absent. Legs annulated with sporadic spines. Leg measurements: I 15.73 (4.48, 1.51, 3.83, 4.01, 1.90), II 14.48 (4.22, 1.53, 3.51, 3.60, 1.62), III 11.46 (3.40, 1.31, 2.70, 2.70, 1.35), IV 13.92 (4.05, 1.31, 3.48, 3.61, 1.47). Metatarsus I trichobothrium (TmI) 0.25 approximately; Metatarsus II, III and IV trichobothria (TmII–IV) 0.33 approximately. All metatarsal trichobothria located on the dorsum, near the retrolateral surface. Similar to males in somatic features. Epigynum: basal plate trapeziform, anterior margin 1.5 times longer than posterior margin, and the posterior margin nearly straight but with slightly protruded in the middle.Atrium separated into two parts by septum. Copulatory openings visible ( Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 ). Copulatory ducts elongated, flat and looping. Spermathecae small and spherical, approximately one spermatheca diameter from each other ( Figs 1F, G View FIGURE 1 , 5C View FIGURE 5 ). Fertilization ducts medially oriented ( Figs 1G View FIGURE 1 , 5C View FIGURE 5 ).