Gasteruption japonicum Cameron, 1888

Zhao, Ke-xin, Achterberg, Cornelis van & Xu, Zai-fu, 2012, A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea), ZooKeys 237, pp. 1-123 : 44-47

Gasteruption japonicum Cameron, 1888 Figs 142152

Gasteruption japonicum Cameron, 1888: 134.

Gasteruption sinense var. minus Kieffer, 1924: 78. syn. n.

Type material.

Holotype, ♀ (BMNH), [Japan, Honshu, Kobe, G. Lewis], “Type”, B.M. Type 3.a.166", " Gasteruption japonicum Cam., Type / 97.11". Syntypes of Gasteruption sinense var. minus from China (Zi-ka-wei [= Xujiahui, Shanghai], 1 ♀ (15.VI.) + 1 ♂ (6.VI.), O. Piel) not found in O. Piel collection (TARI), MNHN, Entomological Museum Shanghai or Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing. Probably lost unless present in remnants of Kieffer collection.

Additional material.

Topotypical series of var. minus (TARI, RMNH) from Shanghai (Zi-ka-wei) collected by O. Piel in IX.1890, V.1918, V.1925, VI.1926 and 1930-31; 2 ♂ (TARI), "Heirin BI, 24.VI.1926, J. Sonan"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Jilin, Changchun, Jingyue Pool, 7.VIII.1980, En-yu Yu"; 1 ♀ (TARI), "[China:] Zhejiang, Mt. Tianmu, 24.V.[19]37, O. Piel, Musée Heude"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Fujian, Nanping, Mt. Mangdang, IX. 2002, Chang-ming Liu"; 2 ♂ (TARI), "[China:]?Taiwan, Makazayazaya, Heito, 9.X.1926, J. Sonan"; 1 ♀ (TARI), "[China:] N. Taiwan, Taipei, 2.XII.1968, K.H. Chang"; 1 ♀ (TARI), "[China:] Formosa [=Taiwan], Mizuho, 23.III.1935, M. Chujo"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Inner Mongolia, Mt. Helan, Shuimogou, 30.VII.2010, Cheng-jin Yan"; 1 ♀ (CAU) "[China] Shaanxi, Ganquan, Qingquangou, 16.VIII.1971, Ji-kun Yang"; 1 ♀, (CAU). "[China:] Shaanxi, Nanzheng, 1630 m, 23.VII.1985, Fa-sheng Li"; 2 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Ningxia, Mt. Liupan, 21.VI.2008, Jie-min Yao"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Gansu, Zhenyuan, VII.1981, Wei Cao"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Xinjiang, Kuerle, V.1985, Jiang-lin Li"; 1 ♀ (SCAU), "[China:] Hubei, Huangmei, 25.VIII.2009, Qi Yang; 1 ♀, (ZJUH), "[China:] Hunan, Panyang, Yichang, XI.1955"; 1 ♀ (SCAU), "[China:] Sichuan, Pingwu, Baimazhai, 25.VI.2006, Hong-ying Zhang; 2 ♀ + 1 ♂ (CAU), "[China:] Yunnan, Kunmingxinshe, 16.VII.1940 & 12.VII.1940"; 1 ♀ (CAU) "[China:] Yunnan, Kunming, Agricultural University, IV.1942"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Yunnan, Panxi, 27.VII.1983, Yi-chang Liao.

Diagnosis.

White apical part of ovipositor sheath (Fig. 149) 1.4-2.0 times as long as hind basitarsus; ovipositor sheath 0.9-1.1 times as long as body; occipital carina narrow lamelliform medio-dorsally (Fig. 142) and rather protruding ventro-posteriorly (Fig. 142); propleuron comparatively slender, 0.9-1.1 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae (Fig. 143); antesternal carina narrow; head, laterally mesosoma and scape black; head in anterior view slightly protruding below lower level of eyes by less than basal width of mandible and mandibular condylus near lower level of eyes (Fig. 146); in lateral viewcondylarincision of malar space close to eye (Fig. 142); clypeus with small depression or depression obsolescent and lateral corners protruding forwards; eyes glabrous; fourth and fifth antennal segment 1.4-1.5 and 1.2-1.4 (♀) (of ♂ 1.4 and 1.4) times as long as third segment, respectively (♂ Fig. 151); apical antennal segment of ♀ 1.3 times as long as third antennal segment and its colour similar to colour of medial segments; antenna of female black or dark brown; mesoscutum and head with satin sheen, head dorsally very finely punctulate and mesoscutum coriaceous with spaced medium-sized punctures and some rugae medio-posteriorly, at most mesoscutum superficially rugulose; hind coxa transversely rugose dorsally, mainly coriaceous; hind tibia robust, with a distinct subbasal ivory ring and swollen, resulting in a distinctly convex ventral border (Figs 145, 150); hind basitarsus comparatively long (Figs 145, 150); hind tibial spurs brown; hind tarsus dark brown basitarsus (except basally) white; incision of hypopygium deep, slit-shaped.

Description.

Holotype of Gasteruption japonicum , female, according to original description body length 20 mm (holotype has apical metasomal tergites and ovipositor missing, length up to apex of hypopygium about 18 mm).

Head. Vertex and frons with satin sheen and rather sparsely very finely punctulate, moderately convex and without a depression medio-posteriorly (Fig. 147); head gradually narrowed behind eyes; temple 0.5 times as long as eye in dorsal view (Fig. 147); fourth antennal segment 1.5 times as long as third segment and about as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.3 times as long as third segment, third antennal segment 1.7 times as long as second segment; occipital carina narrow lamelliform medio-dorsally; OOL 1.2 times as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; face rather wide (Fig. 146); minimum width of malar space 0.2 times as long as second antennal segment (Fig. 142); clypeus with indistinct triangular depression, its lateral corners protruding forwards and medio-ventrally slightly emarginate; eye glabrous, but according to original description setose.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma twice its height; pronotal side moderately high and ventrally coriaceous and partly rugulose, without a distinct antero-lateral tooth; mesoscutum not protruding anteriorly; propleuron comparatively slender, 0.9 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae (Fig. 143); antesternal carina narrow and narrowly lamelliform; mesoscutum densely coriaceous and with spaced medium-sized punctures and with satin sheen, rather matt, posteriorly with a few rugae (Fig. 144); scutellum entirely coriaceous.

Wings. Fore wing: first discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded (Fig. 148), glabrous; vein SR1 slightly bent.

Legs. Hind coxa rather matt, slender, coriaceous and dorsally transversely rugose; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 4.5, 5.0 and 7.6 times their width, respectively (Fig. 145); middle tarsus 1.3 times as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and slenderer than fore femur.

Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath missing but according to original description "longer than the body" (but according to measurements at the end of the description 0.95 times as long as body!) and sheath apically "broadly white".

Colour. Black or black-brown; mandible, fore and middle femora narrowly apically, fore basitarsus and second-fourth metasomal tergites apically more or less brown, tegulae and remainder of legs largely dark brown, but hind tibial spurs brown and fore and middle tibiae hind tibia basally and apically, large subbasal patch of hind tibia (ventrally wider than dorsally) and hind basitarsus (but basally dark brown) white or ivory; pterostigma dark brown.

Male (described after a male from Zhejiang). Head behind eyes roundly narrowed in dorsal view (Fig. 152); occipital carina distinctly pigmented, narrow and non-lamelliform medio-dorsally; face wide; third antennal segment about 1.7 times as long as second segment (Fig. 151); fourth segment 1.4 times as long as third segment, as fifth segment, and 0.8 times as long as second and third segments combined; vertex coriaceous, matt; eye glabrous; frons rather convex and anterior ocellus above upper level of frons; propleuron slender and 0.9 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; antesternal carina non-lamelliform and narrow; mesoscutum densely coriaceous, mixed with fine transverse rugulosity and posteriorly distinctly rugose; hind coxa slender in dorsal view; hind basitarsus transversely rugose dorsally; hind leg coloured as in female but hind tarsus largely brown (Fig. 150); apical half of first metasomal tergite and second tergite black; paramere black apically; body length 9.7 mm. Very similar to female, but slightly more coarsely sculptured.

Variation. Body length 9.0-16.7 mm. Ovipositor sheath 0.9-1.1 times as long as body, 1.3-1.6 times as long as metasoma and 4.7-6.0 times as long as hind tibia; its white apical part 1.4-2.0 times as long as hind basitarsus; temple 0.5-0.6 times as long as eyes in dorsal view; third antennal segment 1.7-2.0 times as long as second segment, fourth antennal segment 1.4-1.5 times as long as third segment, fifth antennal segment 1.2-1.4 times as long as third segment; eye glabrous or shortly setose; propleuron 0.9-1.1 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; mesoscutum punctate-rugose and spaced medium-sized punctates; propodeum reticulate or reticulate-rugose, longitudinal carina indistinct or distinct; hind coxa with satin sheen and regularly transversely rugose or sometimes coriaceous.

Distribution.

China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Japan (Honshu, Kokkaido).

Biology.

Unknown. Collected in March–December.