Aamunops olmeca, Galán-Sánchez & Álvarez-Padilla, 2022

Galán-Sánchez, M. Antonio & Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando, 2022, A new genus of caponiid spiders with its phylogenetic placement within Nopinae and the description of a new species of Orthonops Chamberlin, 1924 from Eastern Mexico (Araneae: Synspermiata, Caponiidae), Zootaxa 5128 (4), pp. 547-573 : 552-555

Aamunops olmeca sp. n.

Figs. 1 – 18

Types. Holotype male. MEXICO: Veracruz, San Andrés Tuxtla. Estacion de Biologia Tropical “Los Tuxtlas” IB-UNAM (18°34’56.1” N, 95°4’32.1” W, elev. 172-217 m), tropical wet forest, leaf litter, collected with pitfall traps, 20-27 September 2017 ( CNAN-T01484 ) . Paratypes: 1 ♀, same data as holotype except: 9-16 February 2018, E. Gonzalez-Santillán ( CNAN-T01489 ) ; 1 ♀, same data as holotype except: 20-27 September 2017, pitfall traps ( CNAN-T01490 ) , 1 ♂, same data ( CNAN-T01491 ) .

Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition referring to the Spanish word for the Olmec culture that inhabited from 3000 to 400 b. c. in the Southern part of Veracruz to Tabasco states.

Diagnosis. Males of Aamunops olmeca sp. n. resemble those of A. chimpa sp. n. and A. misi sp. n. by having a long embolus ( Figs. 7 , 25 , 44 ), differ from these species by having an embolus two times longer than palpal tibia, slender, curved, with a straight and pointed tip ( Figs. 7 , 16, 17 ). Female genitalia of A. olmeca sp. n. is similar to those of A. chimpa sp. n. and A. misi sp. n. by the presence of a sclerotized bifid duct associated to a rigid transverse plate ( Figs. 11 , 35 ), differing from these species by having a short V-shaped duct and by the anterior margin of the plate strongly projected posteriorly ( Figs. 11 , 15 ).

Description. Male (Holotype). Total length 2.85. Cephalothorax 1.15 long, 0.90 wide. Sternum 0.80 long, 0.65 wide. Legs: I 3.30 (1.00) (0.56) (0.80) (0.56) (0.38); II 3.02 (0.90) (0.52) (0.72) (0.52) (0.36); III 2.44 (0.70) (0.36) (0.50) (0.56) (0.32); IV 3.54 (0.98) (0.44) (0.84) (0.90) (0.38). Carapace, sternum, chelicerae, labium, palps, and legs orange; coxae and trochanters lighter ( Figs. 1, 4, 5 ). Endites pale orange, anterior margin lighter ( Fig. 5 ). Abdomen dorsal pattern dark gray, ventral surface lighter ( Figs. 1, 3 ). Anal tubercle and spinnerets light orange. Crista short, covering less than a half of metatarsus in leg I, covering less than 1/4 of metatarsus in leg II ( Figs. 12, 13 ). Paired claws with six teeth ( Fig. 18 ). PLS longer than PMS. Prolateral brush of palpal tibia with seven setae ( Fig. 17 ); bulb globose, spherical; spermatic duct with a small, hyaline process ( Fig. 16 ); embolus about two times the length of the palpal tibia ( Fig. 7 ), slender, curved, with a straight and pointed tip ( Figs. 16 ).

Female (Paratype). Total length 4.35. Cephalothorax 1.75 long, 1.3 wide. Sternum 1.15 long, 0.90 wide. Legs: I 4.08 (1.28) (0.70) (1.00) (0.70) (0.40); II 3.82 (1.20) (0.70) (0.90) (0.70) (0.32); III 3.32 (0.96) (0.50) (0.74) (0.74) (0.38); IV 4.90 (1.34) (0.66) (1.14) (1.28) (0.48). Coloration as in male. Abdomen as in male. Crista long, almost covering the metatarsus length ( Fig. 14 ), wider on leg I. Paired claws with six teeth ( Fig. 18 ). PLS same size as PMS. Internal genitalia with the anterior margin of plate strongly projected posteriorly ( Fig. 15 ), postero-median invagination narrow ( Figs. 11 , 15 ); membranous anteromedian receptaculum formed by a short, V-shaped sclerotized duct that protrudes from the anterior surface of plate leading to a membranous oval sac ( Figs. 11 , 15 ).

Variation. N = 2. ♂ Total length 2.14. Cephalothorax 1.12 long, 0.86 wide. Sternum 0.76 long, 0.60 wide. Yellowish coloration. ♀ Total length 3.75. Cephalothorax 1.60 long, 1.25 wide. Sternum 1.10 long, 0.80 wide. Dark orange coloration.

Natural history. All specimens were caught in a tropical wet forest. Three specimens were caught in leaf litter with pitfall traps; only one specimen was found by cryptic searching.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Fig. 83 ).

Figures

FIGURE 83. Distribution map of Aamunops species. Black square, A. chimpa sp. n.; white square, A. noono sp. n.; black star, A. misi sp. n.; white star, A. olmeca sp. n.; triangle, O. confuse sp. n..

FIGURES 1–6. Aamunops olmeca sp. n., 1–5, male; 6, female. 1, habitus dorsal view; 2, same lateral view; 3, same ventral view; 4, prosoma anterior; 5, prosoma ventral; 6, spinnerets ventral view. Scale bars: = 0.5 mm (Figs. 1–3), 0.2 mm (Figs. 4–6).

FIGURES 7–11. Aamunops olmeca sp. n., 7–9, male; 10–11, female. 7, pedipalp prolateral view; 8, same ventral view; 9, same retrolateral view; 10, epigynum ventral view; 11, same dorsal view (cleared). Scale bars: = 0.2 mm (Figs. 7–10), 0.1 mm (Fig. 11). Abbreviations: am, anterior margin; as, anterior spiracle; ap, anterior plate; go, genital opening; mp, median projection; pi, posterior invagination; pp, posterior plate; ps, posterior spiracle; r, receptaculum; trp, transverse rigid plate.

FIGURES 12–18. Aamunops olmeca sp. n., 12, 13, 16, 17, male; 14, 15, 18, female. 12, leg I prolateral view (arrow to metatarsal stopper); 13, leg II prolateral view; 14, leg I prolateral view; 15, epigynum dorsal view; 16, embolus tip prolateral view; 17, pedipalp prolateral view; 18, claws prolateral view. Scale bars: = 0.2 mm (Figs. 12–15), 0.1 mm (Figs. 16–18). Abbreviations: am, anterior margin; cr, crista; gl, gladius; hp, hyaline process; mp, median projection; pi, posterior invagination; r, receptaculum; trp, transverse rigid plate.

FIGURES 25–30. Aamunops chimpa sp. n., 25–27, male; 28–30, female. 25, pedipalp prolateral view; 26, same ventral view; 27, same retrolateral view; 28, epigynum ventral view; 29, same dorsal view (digested); 30, same dorsal view (cleared). Scale bars: = 0.2 mm (Figs. 25–29), 0.1 mm (Fig. 30). Abbreviations: go, genital opening; mp, median projection; pi, posterior invagination; trp, transverse rigid plate.

FIGURES 44–49. Aamunops misi sp. n., 44–46, male; 47–49, female. 44, pedipalp prolateral view; 45, same ventral view; 46, same retrolateral view; 47, epigynum ventral view; 48, same dorsal view (digested); 49, same dorsal view (cleared). Scale bars: = 0.2 mm (Figs. 44–48), 0.1 mm (Fig. 49). Abbreviations: go, genital opening; ps, posterior spiracle; r, receptaculum; trp, transverse rigid plate. Arrow to small projections of the posterior invagination.

FIGURES 31–37. Aamunops chimpa sp. n., 31, 32, 36, 37, male; 33–35, female. 31, leg I prolateral view; 32, leg II prolateral view; 33, leg I prolateral view; 34, claws prolateral view; 35, epigynum dorsal view; 36, pedipalp prolateral view; 37, embolus tip prolateral view. Scale bars: = 0.2 mm (Figs. 31–33, 35, 36), 0.1 mm (Figs. 34, 37). Abbreviations: cr, crista; gl, gladius; hp, hyaline process; r, receptaculum; trp, transverse rigid plate.