Curculio simius spretus (Heller)

Frank W. Pelsue, Jr. & Zhang, Runzhi, 2000, A Review Of The Curculio From China With Descriptions Of New Taxa. Part II. The Curculio Alboscutellatus Group (Curculionidae: Curculioninae: Cyrculionini), The Coleopterists Bulletin 54 (4), pp. 467-496 : 475-479

Curculio simius spretus (Heller)

Figs. 11–12 , 49–53

Balaninus simius Faust, 1898: 300 .

Balaninus simius spretus Heller, 1927: 197 .

Recognition Characters. Elongate oval; derm fuscorufous; elytra with macular fascia at midpoint, of broad, clavate, cretaceous scales on intervals 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9; pronotum with basocentral triangular macula of clavate, cretaceous, scales with 2 small basolateral maculae of clavate, cretaceous scales; hind femoral tooth large, acute, with distal keel sometimes, with indication of dentition; mesosternal intercoxal process feebly prominent.

Description. Male: Length: 3.7–4.6 mm (mean 5 4.1). Width: 1.9–2.3 mm (mean 5 2.16) Head: Medium­sized, moderately convex; broad eyes, finely faceted; punctures small, with small, narrow, elongate, dirty, white scales; anteroventral macula of short, clavate, cretaceous scales. Frons, 0.15 as wide as head across eyes; with few medium, narrow, elongate, testaceous scales; with small interocular fovea. Rostrum: Length 2.2– 2.7 mm (mean 5 2.42); 0.59 as long as body; derm piceous to fuscorufous, usually darker basally, becoming lighter toward apex; robustly cylindrical, broad at base, slightly curving from base to insertion of scape, then tapering with broader arc to slightly expanded apex; 3 middorsal carinae; punctures oval, deep between carinae; scrobe ventral; scape inserted in apical half. Antennae: Length: Scape 1.0– 1.1 mm (mean 5 1.05); Funiculus: segment one 0.25 mm, two 0.2 mm, three 0.15 mm, four 0.1 mm, five 0.1 mm, six 0.1 mm, seven 0.125 mm, club 0.45 mm. Funicle 1.1 mm; scape as long as funicle; clothed with narrow, elongate, cretaceous scales and some semierect, testaceous scales; club small, oval, compact, as long as funicular segments 4–7. Thorax: Length: 1.1–1.5 mm (mean 5 1.34); Width: 1.4–1.8 mm (mean 5 1.62); 0.7 as long as broad; margins dorsally angle toward constriction, broadly rounded; disc convex in lateral view, lacking median longitudinal carina, with small shallow punctures and narrow, elongate, testaceous and some larger, longer, broader, white scales; base with median triangular macula of clavate, cretaceous scales anterior to scutellum, with small macula of cretaceous scales on basolateral angle, anterior to elytral humeri; ventromedially with macula of short, broad, clavate, cretaceous scales; pleuron punctures slit­like with small, narrow, elongate, testaceous, with some bifid white scales; mesosternal intercoxal process feebly prominent, clothed with narrow, elongate, white scales; scutellum large, longer than broad, densely clothed with cretaceous scales; mesepimeron densely clothed with clavate, cretaceous scales; mesepisternum not as densely clothed as mesepimeron with clavate, cretaceous scales; metepisternum clothed with small, narrow, white scales, with macula of larger, broader, clavate, cretaceous scales at distal angle; base of metasternum emarginate with short median sulcus at apex. Elytra: Length: 2.2–2.5 mm (mean 5 2.38). Striae broad, deep, with short, testaceous scales; moderate scutellar declivity; humeri feebly prominent, rounded; intervals broad, flat, clothed with short, narrow, elongate, testaceous and scattered longer, broader, cretaceous scales; midway with macular fascia of broad, clavate, cretaceous scales on intervals 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9; interval 1 with erect, long, piceous, crosshatched scales in posterior third to apex. Legs: Length of hind femur 1.9–2.1 mm (mean 5 2.0) tooth large­sized, acute, with keel distad to tooth sometimes with accessory dentition; pro­, and mesofemur with medium sized tooth; femoral derm piceous basally, club rubiginous with distal knee piceous, clothed with narrow, elongate, white scales from base to club, with testaceous scales on club; hind tibiae straight, clothed with white scales: pro­ and mesouncus large, longer than tarsal claw, metauncus lacking, reduced to broad truncate ridge. Abdomen: Derm fuscous; sternite 2 longer than 1 behind coxal cavities; sternite 1 with broad shallow median declivity, with median vitta of white scales; sternite 2 ascending to 3, not as long as 3 and 4 combined; sternite 5 almost as long as 3 and 4 combined, with truncated apex and 2 simple, elongate, erect white seta; sternites 1 and 2 clothed with short, broad, cretaceous scales laterally, centrally scales narrower as on sternites 3–5. Pygidium: Prominent , large­sized with narrow, elongate, white seta­like scales. Genitalia: Median lobe of aedeagus 0.8 mm in length, 0.25 mm in width; dorsally, with thin margins for three fourths of length then narrows slightly to arced apex, which is angular to a rather blunt point, laterally rather thick, gradually arced to abrupt curved apex; apodeme 0.9 in length ( Figs. 50–52 ).

Female: Length: 4.0 mm. Width: 2.1 mm. Frons: 0.20 as wide as head across eyes. Rostrum: Length 2.7 mm. Legs: pro­ and mesofemoral tooth moderately acute; pro­ and mesouncus large, metauncus moderate sized. Spermatheca, ramus broadly rounded, oblique; collum shelf­like tapered into cornu; cornu thick, broadly curved to bluntly tapered apex ( Fig. 53 ).

Distribution. China: Fukien (Fujiun) Province, Foochow (Fezhou), July 1926, C. W. Kellogg; Hong San, SE Kiangschi, 27 June 1936, J. L. Gressitt; Mokassan, Chekiang, August 1929, Mrs. Dora E. Wright; Fukien (Fujian) Province, Sangang, F. Jiang; Jiangxi Province, Guling; Fukien (Fujian) Province, Gogan, 14 May 1965. Taiwan: Koshun, 10 August 1934, J. L. Gressitt. Nine specimens examined.

Curculio jilinensis Pelsue and Zhang , New Species Figs. 1–2 , 33–36

HOLOTYPE. China. Jilin: male[ China / Jilin / Hunchun / Y. Zhang] ( IZAS)

PARATYPE. (3) China. Jilin: 2 males, 1 female [ China / Jilin / Hunchun / Y. Zhang] ( FWPC)

Recognition Characters. Elongate oval; derm fuscorufous dorsally on thorax and elytra, piceous laterally and ventrally; frons, 0.24 as wide as head across eyes; rostrum, 0.56 as long as body; scutellum broader than long, clothed with dirty white, scales; femoral teeth small; pro­ and mesouncus small, metauncus lacking; antennal scape as long as funicle, club as long as segments 4–7.

Description. Male: Length: 3.3–3.8 mm (mean 5 3.57) Width: 1.9 mm. Head: Smallsized, moderately convex; punctures small, clothed with small, narrow, elongate, dirty white scales; eyes large, oval, flat and finely faceted; frons moderately broad, 0.24 as wide as head across eyes; sparsely clothed with larger, narrow, elongate, dirty white scales; interocular fovea lacking. Rostrum: Length: 2.0– 2.1 mm (mean 5 2.07) 0.56 as long as body; cylindrical, thick at base gradually tapering to apex; margins subparallel to antennal insertion, then gradually tapering to apex; almost straight in lateral view to antennal insertion, then gradually curving to apex; short dorsal carina from frons to smooth dorsal aspect, color from carina to apex, testaceous dorsally, piceous laterally to antennal insertion, then testaceous to apex; two dorsolateral carinae from frons to antennal insertion with oval punctures along and between carinae; scrobe lateral; scape inserted in apical half. Antennae: Length: Scape 1.05 mm. Funiculus: segment one 0.3 mm, two 0.25 mm, three 0.15 mm, four 0.125 mm, five 0.125 mm, six 0.125 mm, seven 0.125 mm, club 0.5 mm. Funicle 1.1 mm; scape as long as funicle; scape and funicle rubiginous, sparsely clothed with elongate, narrow, erect, dirty white scales; club as long as segments 4–7; club elongate­oval, with short, dense, fine pile. Thorax: Length: 1.0 mm. Width: 1.3–1.5 mm (mean 5 1.37). Dorsally base 0.79 as wide as elytra, lateral margins broadly rounded, tapering abruptly to constriction; disc with punctures small, shallow, separated by narrow ridge, narrow, elongate, dirty, white scales, with bifid and truncated apices, base sinuate with indication of basal carina; mesosternal intercoxal process feeble with narrow, elongate, white scales; scutellum broader than long, bifid, clothed with dirty white scales; mesepimeron, mesepisternum, and metepisternum clothed with clavate, dirty white scales, with truncate apices; procoxae clothed with white scales. Elytra: Length: 2.0– 2.4 mm (mean 5 2.24). Striae rather deep, with prominent punctures; humeri feebly prominent, rounded; intervals, broad, flat, with narrow, elongate, white scales mixed with testaceous scales, with no defined macula; crosshatched setae lacking. Legs: Length hind femur: 1.5–1.7 mm (mean 5 1.64) tooth small, acute; derm basally and apically fuscopiceous, club fuscorufous; pro­ and mesofemur with very small tooth; hind femur with proximolateral sulcus from trochanter to base of club; clothed with narrow, elongate, white scales; tibiae somewhat sinuate; pro­ and mesouncus small, metauncus lacking. Abdomen: Sternite 1 as long as 2 behind coxal cavities; sternite 1 and 2 with broad median declivity; sternite 2 ascending to 3; sternites 3 and 4 combined longer than 5; all sternites evenly clothed with narrow, elongate, white scales; sternite 5 with emarginate apex and 2 tufts of white seta­like scales at apex. Pygidium: Small , clothed with elongate, white seta­like scales. Genitalia: Median lobe of aedeagus 1.2 mm in length, 0.35 mm in width, narrower at base, slightly widening toward bend, sides narrow, apex arcing down gradually to blunt rounded point, slightly asymmetrical, laterally thickened; apodeme 1.4 mm in length ( Figs. 33–35 ).

Female: Length: 3.8 mm. Width: 1.9 mm. Rostrum: Length 2.3 mm, scape inserted at midpoint. Antennae: Length: Scape 0.7 mm. Thorax: Length: 1.0 mm. Width: 1.4 mm. Elytra: Length: 2.4 mm. Legs: Length of hind femur 1.8 mm. Genitalia: Spermatheca ramus and collum undifferentiated; cornu broadly thickened, curved to tapered blunt apex ( Fig. 36 ).

Distribution. China: Jilin Province, Hunchun, Y. Zhang.

Remarks. This species resembles Curculio fluvipennis Morimoto (examined in BMNH collection by senior author) by having a piceous venter, but has a fuscorufous prothorax, elytra, with proximolateral sulcus on the hind femur. Curculio fluvipennis has piceous prothorax, venter, fuscorufous elytra and lacks the proximolateral sulcus on hind femur.

Figures

Figs. 7–12. 7–8) Curculio krissiae male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 9–10) C. alboscutellatus male, dorsal and lateral habitus; 11–12) C. simius spretus male, dorsal and lateral habitus.

Figs. 47–58. Curculio alboscutellatus 47) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 48) median lobe, lateral aspect; 49) median lobe, apex. Figs. 50–53. C. simius spretus 50) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 51) median lobe lateral aspect; 52) median lobe, apex; 53) spermatheca, lateral aspect. Figs. 54–56. C. latusrostris 54) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 55) median lobe, lateral aspect; 56) spermatheca, lateral aspect. Figs. 57–58. C. shopfneri 57) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 58) median lobe, lateral aspect.

Figs. 1–6. 1–2) Curculio jilinensis male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 3–4) C. gressitti male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 5–6) C. tonkinensis male, dorsal and lateral habitus.

Figs. 33–46. Curculio jilinensis 33) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 34) median lobe, lateral aspect; 35) median lobe, apex; 36) spermatheca, lateral aspect; Figs. 37–39. C. gressitti 37) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 38) median lobe, lateral aspect; 39) median lobe, apex. Figs. 40–42. C. tonkinensis 40) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 41) median lobe, lateral aspect; 42) median lobe, apex; 43) spermatheca, lateral aspect. Figs. 44–46. C. krissiae 44) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 45) median lobe, lateral aspect; 46) median lobe, apex.