Lemula (s. str.) testaceipennis Gressitt, 1939

Ohbayashi, Nobuo & Chou, Wen-I, 2019, Revision of the genus Lemula (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lepturinae), Zootaxa 4671 (4), pp. 451-499 : 462-465

7. Lemula (s. str.) testaceipennis Gressitt, 1939

(Figs. IV-7, VI-7, XV-5, 6, 7, 8, 9)

Lemula testaceipennis Gressitt, 1939: 85 , pl. 2, fig. 7. Type locality: T'ien-mu Shan, Chekiang Prov., E. China. — Gressitt, 1951: 67.

Lemula inaequalicollis Pic, 1957: 75 . Type locality: Kutan (Fukien), China. Syn. nov.

Lemula densepunctata Hayashi, 1974: 4 . Type locality: Lishan in Tachiachi, Taichun County, Taiwan.— Nakamura et al., 1992: 11.— Chou, 2004: 77.— Chou, 2008: 77.— Nakamura et al., 2014: 20. Syn. nov.

Lemula obscuripennis Shimomura, 1979: 276 , figs. 4, 5. Type locality: Nanshanchi, ca. 800 m in alt., Nantou County, Taiwan.— Nakamura et al., 1992: 11.— Chou, 2004: 79.— Chou, 2008: 79.— Nakamura et al., 2014: 20. Syn. nov.

Lemula sp. 1: Chou, 2004: 369.— Chou, 2008: 369.

Diagnosis. Male: BL = 6.3–8.4 mm. Body color variable from yellowish, reddish or dark brown; head somewhat reddish and often semi-circularly black on occiput; antennomeres I–IV dark brown, V–VIII black or dark brown with blackish apices, and IX–XI entirely black; pronotum, scutellum and elytra usually same color of yellowish to dark reddish brown, but elytra rarely blackish brown (f. obscripennis); meso- and metasterna dark brown; abdominal ventrites I–III dark brown and IV–V yellow though sometimes IV also darkened; legs black except reddish brown femora. Head and pronotum moderately provided with different lengths of pale flying hairs; elytra densely furnished with intermixed two kind of pale yellow fine hairs of which one is long and erect to suberect, and the other is obliquely slanted; ventral surface with scarce pale yellow pubescens.

Head densely, reticulately and shallowly punctured; antennae rather short, slightly exceeding middle of elytra.

Pronotum slightly longer than width across lateral tubercles (PL/PW = 1.04); disk densely and coarsely punctured, moderately convex with shallow longitudinal impunctate depression.

Elytra longer than twice elytral humeri (EL/EW = 2.05), entirely covered with large, close punctures. Ventral surfaces sparsely micro-sculptured.

Endophallus (Type B). Dorsal view: CT moderately swollen laterally, ds small sphericity with cordiform dm and oblique lds; PB strongly widened near pc, then sharply constricted to ac; APH elongate oval with slight medial constriction. Lateral view: CT well inflated ventrally; PB projected dorsally and swollen ventrally; APH rice-bag shaped.

Female: BL = 6.7–10.7 mm. Mostly same with male, but antennae very short, only reaching basal fourth to basal third of elytra. Elytra more or less widened posteriorly.

Type material examined. Lemula testaceipennis Gressitt, 1939 : Holotype ♀ ( IZCAS), “Tienmu Shan / Musée Heude”, “ 9. 6. 36 / O. PIEL, coll.”, “g. 27 / unique”, “ HOLOTYPE / LEMULA / TESTACEIPENNIS / J. L. Gressitt”, “ HOLOTYPE ”, “ IOZ (E)217542”. Lemula inaequalicollis Pic, 1957 : Holotype ♀ ( ZFMK), “Kuatun (2,300m) 27,40n.Br. / 117,40ö.L. J. Klapperich / 6. 4. 1938 (Fukien)”, “ Lemula inaequali / collis n. sp”, “ Holotype / Lemula / inaequalicollis / Pic”, “de???”, “Dr. St. Breuning / determ. 1954”, “ Lemula / inaequalicollis / Pic n.sp. type / Breuning det.”. Lemula densepunctata Hayashi, 1974 : Holotype ♀ ( OMNH), “LISHAN / TAIWAN / 31. III. 1970 / H. NOMURA”, “ Holotype / Lemula / densepunctata / Hayashi ♀ ”. Lemula obscuripennis Shimomura, 1979 : Holotype ♀ ( NSMT), “Nanshanchi, / Nantou, FORMOSA / 26. March, 1977 / T. Seno leg.”, “ Holotype ♀ / Lemula / obscuripennis SHIMOMURA, 1979 ”.

Other material examined. [ China]: Paratype ♂ ( CCH), “Kuatun (2,300m) 27,40n.Br. / 117,40ö.L. J. Klap- perich / 1. 4. 1938 (Fukien)”, “Paratypoid / Lemula / inaequalicollis / Pic”, “compared with Type / ♂ det. Gress. / Lemula / testaceipennis Gr. / wx. coll. British Museum / det. C. Holzschuh 2009 ” ; Paratype ♀ ( MNHN), “Kuatun (2,300m) 27,40n.Br. / 117,40ö. L. J. Klapperich / 1. 4. 1938 (Fukien)”, “Paratypoid / Lemula / inaequalicollis / Pic”, “ Dr. St. Breuning / determ. 1954”, “Museum Paris / coll. M. Pic ”; Xi-Tianmushan (西ξρm), Zhejiang [1♀, 350 m, 22-IV-2010, W.-X. Bi leg.; 1♂, 1,500 m, 6–7-V-2012, W.-X. Bi leg. (G-889); 1♂, 800–1,100 m, 5-V-2012, W.-X. Bi leg.; 2♂♂, 1,400 m, 10-V-1998, W.-I Chou leg.]; Dong-Tianmushan (+ξρm), Zhejiang [1♂, 600 m, 25-IV-2008, W.-X. Bi leg.]; Shenlongchuan (Ṉ龍ṃ), Lin'an, Zhejiang [3♂♂, 650–750 m, 6-IV-2016, W.-X. Bi leg. (G-921); 4♂♂, 6♀♀, 500–630 m, 29-III-2017, W.-X. Bi leg.]; Sangang (÷港), Wuyishan, Fujian [1♀, 700 m, Castanopsis , 29-IV-2004, W.-I Chou leg.]; Miaowan (廟¬), Wuyishan, Fujian, [1♂, 800 m, Acer , 1-V-2004, W.-I Chou leg.]; Xianfengling (ţ峰嶺), Wuyishan, Fujian [2♂♂, 900 m, Acer , 23–30-IV-2000, W.-I Chou leg. (G-892)]; Guadun (Ɩ墩), Wuyishan , Fujian [1♂, 1♀, 1,300 m, 9–11- IV- 2013, W.-X. Bi leg.; 2♂♂, 1♀, ditto, 8–11- IV- 2013, W.-X. Bi leg. (G-917) ; 1♂, 11-VI-2013, W.-X. Bi leg. (G-990); Mangdangshan (AEIm), Gaoping-cun, Nanping-shi, Fujian [16♂♂, 9♀♀, 850 m, III–IV, 2017, J.-B. Huang leg. (G-1002, 1003, 1053)]; Nanling (南嶺), N. Guangdong [1♂, 1–3-IV-2011, C.-H. Zhan leg. (G-993)]; Mao'er-shan (ṡņm), Guilin, Quanzhou, Guangxi [1♂, 3♀♀, 1,000 m, Melloidendron, 12-IV-2000, W. -I Chou leg. (G-1008)]; Dayao-shan (†‹m), Jinxiu Yao-zu Zizixian, Guangxi Zhuang-zu Zizhiqu, [6♂♂, 9♀♀, 1,200 m, 17–18-IV-2000, W.-I Chou leg. (1019, 1036); 1♀, 900 m, Acer , 17-IV-2011, W.-I Chou leg.; 1♂, 900 m, Castanopsis , 23-IV-2011, W.-I Chou leg.; 1♀, 1,200 m, Castanopsis , 15-V-2011, W.-I Chou leg.] .

[ Taiwan]: Wulai (烏t), Wulai District, New Taipei City [1♂, 700 m, Litsea , 21-II-2003, W.-I Chou leg. (G- 1024)]; Xinxian (șl), Wulai District , New Taipei City [1♀, 600 m, Litsea , 28-II-2002, X-Q. Yu leg.; 1♂, 1♀, 850 m, 3-III-2007, W.-I Chou leg. (G-867)]; Fushan (福m), Wulai District , New Taipei City [2♂♂, 3♀♀, 600 m, 28-III-2004, T. Kurihara leg. (G-1035)]; Jianshanhu ($m湖), Pinglin District , New Taipei City [1♀, 24-III-1998, W.-I Chou leg.]; Mt. Lalashan (ḥḥm), Fuxing District , Taoyuan City [1♀, 27-IV-1982, N. Ohbayashi leg.; 1♀, 7- V-1982, N. Ohbayashi leg.; 1♂, 1♀, 1,500 m, Acer , 27-III-2003, W.-I Chou leg. (G- 849); 7♂♂, 2♀♀, Acer , 19-III- 2009, W.-I Chou leg. (G-857); 1♂, 850 m, 3-III-2007, W.-I Chou leg.; 2♀♀, 9-III-1997, C.-C. Chen leg.; 1♂, 2♀♀, 9-III-1997, W.-I Chou leg.; 1♀, Acer , 19-III-2009, W.-I Chou leg.]; Xicun (西ḩ) Fuxing District , Taoyuan City [1♀, 2-IV-1987, M. Kuboki leg.]; Xiling (西K)–Xicun (西ḩ), Fuxing District , Taoyuan City [1♂, 19-IV-2007, S-T. Hisamatsu leg.]; Siling (四K), Fuxing District , Taoyuan City [1♂, 29-IV-2007; 2♂♂, 1♀, 13-III-2016, W.-I Chou leg.]; Dalu Lindao (†ŧff道), Wufeng Township , Hsinchu County [1♂, 1,700 m, Eriobotrya , 12-III-2003, Y-L. Lin leg. (G-868); 1♂ (f. obscuripennis ), 1,700 m, Meliosma , 12-III-2003, Y.-L. Lin leg. (G-868); 2♂♂, 1,700 m, Litsea , 12-III-2003, W.-I Chou leg. (G-854, G-868)]; Qilan (棲蘭), Datong Township , Yilan County [1♀, 1,100 m, 6-V-2004, W-S. Lin leg.]; Mingchi (Ṃ池), Datong Township , Yilan County [1♂, 2♀♀, 20-III-2002, W.-I Chou leg.; 1♂, 1,000 m, Acer , 27-III-2003, W.-I Chou leg.]; Chiduan (池端), Datong Township , Yilan County [5♂♂, 5♀♀, 1,000 m, Litsea , 9-III-1997, W.-I Chou leg. (G-940)]; Nanshanxi (南mκ), Ren'ai Township , Nantou County [1♂, 1♀ (f. obscuripennis ), 900 m, Lithocarpus , 19-III-2001, W.-I Chou leg. (G-869)]; Songgang (Ḷ崗), Ren'ai Township , Nantou County [1♂, 3-IV-1997, W.-I Chou leg.]; Hewanshan (Įfflm), Ren'ai Township , Nantou County [1♂, 1,800 m, Prunus , 20-V-2010, W.-I Chou leg.]; Gaofeng (Á峰), Ren'ai Township , Nantou County [4♂♂ (f. obscuripennis ), 3♀♀ (f. obscuripennis ), 22-III-2007, Native collector leg. (G-799, 874, 1025)]; Kuantaoshan (Nƞ m), Len'ai Township , Nantou County [2♀♀ (f. obscuripennis ), 1,300 m, 23-II-2017, W.-I Chou leg.; 1♂ (f. obscuripennis ), 1,380 m, 24-II-2018, W.-I Chou leg.] .

Distribution. Taiwan (New Taipei, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Yilan, Nantou); China (Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi).

Ecology. Flight period: February–May. Flower records: Meliosma , Litsea , Eriobotrya , Acer , Castanopsis, Melloidendron , Lithocarpus , Prunus .

Remarks. This species is widely distributed in seacoast provinces of East and South China Sea on both sides of the Formosa Strait, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi. According to the comparison of the holotype of L. inaequalicollis Pic, 1957 (Fig. XVI-6 & 7) with the holotype of L. testaceipennis Gressitt, 1939 (Fig. XVI-5), it is concluded that the former is a synonym of the latter.

The Taiwanese population named L. densepunctata Hayashi, 1974 could not be distinguished from the Chinese population not only by external structure, but also by endophallic characters. L. densepunctata is therefore also synonymized with L. testaceipennis .

Lemula obscuripennis Shimomura, 1979 was described from Nantou County, Taiwan. It shows different color pattern of reddish brown pronotum and blackish elytra (Fig. IV-7; XVI-9). But we could not distinguish it from normally colored population by external and endophallic structures. In addition, both color type specimens were collected at the same place of restricted area of Nantou (cf. Chou 2004; Chou 2008:79) and Hsinchu Counties, and we conclude that it is a local variety of L. testaceipennis in Taiwan, and treat it as infraspecific (f. obscuripennis ) in the present paper.

Holzschuh (2009) found two different species in the type series of L. inaequalicollis Pic, 1957 in ZFMK, and he described one of them which is not conspecific with the holotype as a new species, L. confusa Holzschuh, 2009 . He also noted that a specimen from the same locality as L. inaequalicollis Pic, 1957 in BMNH was determined as L. testaceipennis Gressitt, 1939 by Gressitt, and it was conspecific with the holotype of L. inaequalicollis Pic, 1957 . In that paper, Holzschuh did not synonymize the latter with L. testaceipennis , but according to our examination of a number of specimens from Zhejiang and Fujian, they are doubtlessly conspecific.