Odorrana heatwolei (Stuart & Bain, 2005)

Liu, Shuo, Hou, Mian, Wang, Qiaoyan, Rao, Dingqi & Li, Song, 2023, Resurrection and distribution extension of Odorrana heatwolei (Stuart & Bain, 2005) (Anura, Ranidae), Herpetozoa 36, pp. 177-188 : 177

Odorrana heatwolei (Stuart & Bain, 2005)

Figs 3A, C , 4 , 6 , 7

Rana heatwolei Stuart & Bain, 2005

Rana tiannanensis - Ohler, 2007

Odorrana heatwolei - Poyarkov et al., 2021

Type material.

Holotype: FMNH 258134, adult male.

Paratypes. FMNH 258279-83, 258598, six females; FMNH 258135-39, five males.

Type locality.

Phou Dendin National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Phongsaly District, Phongsaly Province, Laos (22°05'38"N, 102°12'50"E; alt. 600 m).

Etymology.

The specific epithet is a patronym for Dr. Harold F. Heatwole. We propose "Dense-spotted Odorous Frog" for the English name and “麻点臭蛙” ( má diǎn chòu wā) for the Chinese name.

Updated diagnosis.

Habitus robust; body sizes of females approximately two to three times that of males, SVL 37.1-57.3 mm in adult males, 97.3-106.7 mm in adult females; head length slightly greater than head width; dorsal skin shagreened, skin on flanks granular; supratympanic fold present; dorsolateral folds distinct in males and indistinct in females; tympanum large in males (TD/ED 0.58-0.73) and relatively small in females (TD/ED 0.45-0.58); vomerine teeth distinct; relative lengths of fingers III> IV> I> II; inner metacarpal tubercle and outer metacarpal tubercle present, outer metatarsal tubercle absent; all finger and toe tips slightly expanded; toes with entire webbing to disks; uniform light brown or dark brown on whole body, dense tiny black dots scattered on dorsum; paired external vocal sacs and nuptial pad on the base of finger I present in adult males.

Specimens examined.

KIZ20194255, adult male, and KIZ20194256-KIZ20194258, three adult females, collected on 24 April 2019 from Mandan village , Mengla Town , Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Prefecture , Yunnan Province, China (21°28'59"N, 101°40'29"E, 780 m elevation) by Shuo Liu ; KIZ20194279, adult female, collected on 27 April 2019 from Mengyuan village , Guanlei Town , Mengla County , Xishuangbanna Prefecture , Yunnan Province, China (21°38'35"N, 101°26'54"E, 950 m elevation) by Shuo Liu ; KIZ20194301-KIZ20194302, two adult males, collected on 30 April 2019 from Bubeng village , Mengla Town , Mengla County , Xishuangbanna Prefecture , Yunnan Province, China (21°36'21"N, 101°33'27"E, 800 m elevation) by Shuo Liu ; KIZ2019541, adult male, and KIZ2019542, adult female, collected on 4 May 2019 from Xinshan village , Yaoqu Township , Mengla County , Xishuangbanna Prefecture , Yunnan Province, China (21°54'59"N, 101°32'16"E, 840 m elevation) by Shuo Liu .

Description of the specimens from China.

Morphometric and meristic data are presented in Table 3 . SVL 46.8-51.7 mm in males, 97.4-106.7 mm in females; head width slightly shorter than length (HW/HL 0.87-0.91 in males, 0.93-0.98 in females); snout obtuse, pointed in dorsal view and rounded in profile, obviously projecting beyond lower jaw; nostril closer to snout than to eye; canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region concave; internarial distance greater than interorbital distance; snout length greater than eye diameter; pineal body distinct; supratympanic fold horizontal and straight; tympanum large in males (TD/ED 0.66-0.73) and relatively small in females (TD/ED 0.48-0.58), round and transparent; vomerine teeth developed into mass on two oblique ridges between the two choanae; tongue cordiform, posterior notch enlarged and formed as U-shaped; vocal sac openings on floor of mouth in each corner and an external vocal sac behind each angle of mouth in males.

Forelimbs robust; relative lengths of fingers III> IV> I> II; all finger tips slightly expanded; lateral fringes and webbing on fingers absent; subarticular tubercle round and prominent; one oval thenar tubercle prominent on the ventral of finger I; inner metacarpal tubercle and outer metacarpal tubercle distinct; supernumerary tubercles at the base of fingers II-IV; grayish-yellow nuptial pad on finger I in adult males.

Hind limbs long, tibia longer than thigh; toes long, relative lengths IV> V> III> II> I; all toe tips slightly expanded; toes with entire webbing to disks; subarticular tuber-cles prominent and longitudinally ovoid; inner metatarsal tubercle prominent and oval; outer metatarsal and supernumerary tubercles absent.

Dorsal skin shagreened with some very indistinct tubercles, skin on flanks granular, ventral skin smooth, and dorsolateral folds distinct in males. Skin slightly smoother and dorsolateral folds more indistinct in females.

Coloration in life.

Dorsum brown scattered with dense tiny brownish black dots; upper lip yellowish white with indistinct dark spots; lower lip creamy white with distinct dark spots; lateral side of head and body brown with many irregular dark brown spots; dorsal surfaces of limbs brown with some indistinct dark brown bands; ventral surface of head and forelimbs, chest, and belly creamy white; ventral surface of hindlimbs light yellow; buttocks slightly pink; tympanum dark brown; and iris yellow in males. Coloration in females very similar to but usually slightly lighter than that in males.

Coloration in preservative.

Dorsum color turned darker to grayish black, the dense tiny black dots on dorsum still visible, dorsal color of limbs turned darker to brownish black, the bands on limbs became indistinct. Ventral color of head and forelimbs, chest, and belly faded to pale white, ventral color of hindlimbs turned to flesh color. Iris became black, pupil became white.

Natural history.

The specimens from China were all found on the banks of rivers at night. No eggs or tadpoles were found from April to May. There were many stones and forests with good vegetation on the banks of the river (Fig. 8 ). An Amolops species of Amolops cf. vitreus (Bain, Stuart & Orlov, 2006) is distributed sympatric with this species.

Distribution.

Currently known in Phongsaly Province, Laos, and Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China (Fig. 1 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Map showing the type locality (black dot) of O. tiannanensis, the type locality (black triangle) of O. heatwolei, the type locality (black square) of O. macrotympana, the new collection site (black star) of O. heatwolei, and the new collection sites (black diamonds) of O. tiannanensis.

Figure 3. Comparison between Odorrana heatwolei and O. tiannanensis in life. A. Adult male O. heatwolei from Mengla, Yunnan, China; B. Adult male O. tiannanensis from Hekou, Yunnan, China; C. Adult female O. heatwolei from Mengla, Yunnan, China; D. Adult female O. tiannanensis from Hekou, Yunnan, China.

Figure 4. Dorsal view (A), lateral view (B), and ventral view (C) of the male (KIZ 20194255) and dorsal view (D), lateral view (E), and ventral view (F) of an adult female (escaped) of Odorrana heatwolei from China in life.

Figure 6. Dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B) of the specimens of Odorrana heatwolei from China in preservative.

Figure 7. Close-up views of the head (A), vola (B), and planta (C) of the male (KIZ 2019541) and close-up views of the head (D), vola (E), and planta (F) of the female (KIZ 2019542) of Odorrana heatwolei from China in preservative.

Figure 8. The habitat at the collection site of the specimens of Odorrana heatwolei in Mengla, Yunnan, China.