Macrostylopyga grandis Anisyutkin, Anichkin & Nguyen

Anisyutkin, Leonid N., Anichkin, Alexandr E. & Thinh, Nguyen Van, 2013, Macrostylopyga gen. nov., a new genus of cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattidae), with descriptions of two new species, Zootaxa 3635 (5), pp. 520-532 : 522-524

Macrostylopyga grandis Anisyutkin, Anichkin & Nguyen sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–11 , 18–22 , 27–30 , 39–45 , 50–52 )

Material. Holotype male, Vietnam, Dong Nai Province, Vinh Cuu District, Vinh Cuu Nature Reserve (=Ma Da Forest), TW Cuc Forest Station, 11°22’51’’N, 107°03’44’’E, elevation = 75 m, 21–29 November 2010, coll. L.N. Anisyutkin, A.E. Anichkin, A.V. Abramov, S.V. Kruskop (Expedition of the Russia-Vietnam Tropical Centre). Paratypes: 2 males, 5 females, same data as holotype; 1 male, 1 last instar male larva, same locality as the holotype, but 18–27 June 2011, coll. L.N. Anisyutkin, A.E. Anichkin (Expedition of the Russia-Vietnam Tropical Centre).

Description. Male (holotype). Color of dorsum of thorax and abdomen, epicranium (with exception of brownish antennal sockets), proximal parts of antennae, tibiae, tarsi and cerci all piceous black; eyes black; distal part of antennae brownish; anteclypeus, most of labrum, mandibles, maxillary and labial palps dark brown, in some areas yellowish; small areas in proximal and distal parts of labrum whitish; coxae, trochanters, femora, part of abdominal sternites and hypandrium reddish black. Surfaces smooth and lustrous; punctation scarce and weak; facial part of head smooth, without wrinkles ( Fig. 1 ). Body comparatively wide ( Fig. 3 ). Head rounded at vertex, longer than wide ( Fig. 1 ); eyes small; ocellar spots absent; distance between eyes 1.7 times eye length; distance between antennal sockets about 1.5 times scape length (1.9 mm); approximate length ratio of 3rd–5th segments of maxillary palps 1:0.9:1.1. Pronotum campaniform, transverse, anterior and lateral margins semicircular, posterior margin weakly projected caudally ( Fig. 3 ). Mesonotum and metanotum transverse, with weak medial impressions; mesonotum with weak lateral ridges, evidently corresponding to tegminal flaps ( Fig. 3 ); posterior margins of mesonotum and metanotum sinuate ( Fig. 3 ). Thoracal tergites and abdominal tergites II–VII marginated laterally ( Figs. 3, 4 ). Anterior margin of fore femur armed as in type A with 19–22 spines, including 3–4 apical spines. Tibiae not thickened distally, apical spines not reinforced. Structure of hind tarsi ( Figs. 18–22 ): metatarsus a little longer than other segments combined, with 2 rows of spines along lower margin, exterior row ( Fig. 22 , e.r.) consisting of 16–18 spines, interior row ( Fig. 22 , i.r.) with 11–12 spines; second segment with single row of 3–4 spines along lower margin; other segments without spines along lower margin; metatarsus and segments 2–4 with small apical euplantulae and 2 additional spines bordering euplantulae ( Fig. 22 , a.s.); claws symmetrical, simple; arolium vestigial ( Figs. 19 , ar., 22). Fore and middle tarsi ( Figs. 20, 21 ) similar to hind tarsi, but comparatively shorter; fore and middle metatarsi with 11/7 and 11–13/8–9 spines in exterior/interior rows, respectively, other segments without spines along lower margin. Abdominal tergites without visible glandular specializations ( Figs. 3–5 ); posterolateral angles attenuate caudally; tergite VI with caudal margin sinusoidally curved ( Fig. 3 ); tergite VII roundly projected caudally ( Fig. 4 ). Anal plate (tergite X) medially projected, with triangular median incision on caudal margin ( Fig. 5 ). Cerci fusiform and flat, with segments solidly connected, partly with margins difficult for observation ( Figs. 5, 11 ). In living specimens cerci directed upward ( Fig. 8 ). Paraprocts with asymmetrical hook-like processes on cranio-lateral angles ( Figs. 5, 6 , pr.). Hypandrium nearly symmetrical ( Fig. 7 ); anterolateral parts (lateral sternal apodemes or apophyses) comparatively short; caudal margin slightly sinuately curved between styli; styli elongated, fusiform ( Fig. 7 ).

Male genitalia: left phallomere ( Figs. 27–30 , 39–42 ) with sclerite L4C (L2D—here and below the terminology by Grandcolas (1996) is given in the parentheses) large, caudally more or less widened, bent ventrally in cranial part ( Figs. 27, 28 , c.p.), occupying most of outer sides of phallomere, with rounded outgrowth on outer side ( Figs. 27, 28 , 39 , r.o.); process sla simple, directed ventro-medially ( Figs. 27, 29 , 39 , sla); sclerite L3 (L3d) compatively slender ( Figs. 27, 28, 30 ); sclerite L4F, possibly L4E+L4F, comparatively small ( Fig. 28 ); sclerite L4D (L 3v) elongated ( Fig. 28 ); sclerite L2 (L 2v) large, occupying ventral and lower half of inner sides of phallomere ( Figs. 29, 30 ), terminating in apically curved caudal process ( Fig. 30 , a.p.), with rounded membranous lobe above this process ( Fig. 29 , r.m. l.); “additional complicated sclerite”( Fig. 29 , a.c.s.) with short dorso-caudal projection ( Figs. 27–30 , d.c.p.) situated above rounded membranous lobe of L2 on inner side of phallomere; this sclerite connected with slightly sclerotized lobe on upper half of inner side of phallomere ( Figs. 27, 29 , s.l.); weakly sclerotized transverse plate situated on caudal side of phallomere ( Figs. 27, 28 , 39, 40 , t.p.), this plate mostly covered with membranous lobes on caudal side of phallomere; sclerite L1 large, tripartite caudally ( Figs. 39, 41, 42 ). Ventral phallomere L4G (VP) as in Figs. 43, 44 , distinctly widened and bent upward caudally, with impression in medial part ( Fig. 44 , m.i.). Right phallomere complex in shape, as in Figs. 50, 51 ; basal sclerite (R2) rounded and dorsoventrally compressed, with transverse groove; cranial part of sclerite R1H in shape of transverse plate ( Fig. 52 , c.p.), caudal part comparatively short, hook-like; R1H fused with complicated sclerite R1G ( Figs. 50, 51 ); platelike curved sclerite R3 situated craniolaterally ( Figs. 45 , 50, 51 ).

Variations. Male paratypes similar to the holotype, but color sometimes slightly lighter and tarsi reddish. Distance between antennal sockets 1.4–1.6 times scape length; approximate length ratio of third–fifth segments of maxillary palps 1:0.9–1:1.1–1.3. Anterior margin of fore femur with 13–22 spines, including 2–4 apical spines. Fore, middle and hind metatarsi with 11– 12 /6–7, 10–14/ 7–9 and 12–18 /6–12 spines in exterior/interior rows respectively. Second segment of hind tarsus with 2–4 spines in single row. In one specimen cerci abnormally short (probably due to damage in larval stage): left cercus slightly longer, right one about as long as length of anal plate.

Females (paratypes). Similar to males. Head as in Fig. 2 ; distance between eyes 1.6–2.1 times eye length; distance between antennal sockets 1.5–1.7 times scape length; approximate length ratio of 3rd–5th segments of maxillary palps 1–1.1:1:1.2. Anterior margin of fore femur with 18–21 spines, including 2–3 apical spines. Fore, middle and hind metatarsi with 11– 14 /5–7, 11–12/ 6–9 and 12–17 /8–12 spines in exterior/interior rows respectively; first and second segments of hind tarsus with 2–4 spines in single row. Abdominal tergite VII with caudal margin sinusoidal curved ( Fig. 8 ). Anal plate (segment X, ultimate tergite) ( Figs. 8, 9 ) with triangular median incision on caudal margin. In living cockroaches cerci directed upward. Paraprocts simple, comparatively large, without cranio-lateral processes ( Figs. 8, 10 , par.). Genital plate as in Fig. 10 , valves comparatively small.

Male nymph (probably last instar). Similar to adult males, but color lighter: abdomen ventrally reddish brown, femora, trochanters and tibiae yellowish brown. Hook-like cranio-lateral processes of paraprocts small and symmetrical.

Measurements (mm). Head length: male 7.4–8.4 (8.4), female 7.9–8.8; head width: male 6.0–7.0 (7.0), female 5.9–6.8; pronotum length: male 9.8–12.0 (12.0), female 10.2–12.0; pronotum width: male 12.2–15.0 (15.0), female 12.8–15.4; mesonotum length: male 5.8–7.3 (7.3), female 6.2–7.8; mesonotum width: male 13.5–16.2 (16.2), female 14.5–16.8; metanotum length: male 5.0–6.9 (6.9), female 5.2–6.5; metanotum width: male 12.8–16.5 (16.5), female 14.2–16.8. Measurements in parentheses are those of holotype.

Comparison. The new species can readily be distinguished from M. bidupi sp. nov. and M. laosana by the larger size, the structure of paraprocts (the presence of hook-like cranio-lateral processes—Fig. 6, pr.) and the male genitalia: shape of the sclerites L4C, L4F, L2, L1 (compare Figs. 27–30 and Figs 31–38 ) and shape of the process of R1H (compare Figs. 50–52 and Figs. 53–56 ).

Note. All specimens were collected at night, mostly on soil; one male and one female were collected on the trunk of a large tree not far from ground level.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 11. Macrostylopyga grandis sp. nov. (1, 3 – 7 — male, holotype, 2, 8 – 11 – female, paratype). 1, 2 — facial part of head; 3 — head, thorax and 1 – 6 th abdominal tergites from above; 4 – 7 th abdominal tergite from above; 5, 6, 8, 10 — abdominal apex from above (5, 8) and below [6 (hypandrium and genitalia removed), 10]; 7 — hypandrium from below; 9 — outline of anal plate; 11 — right cercus from outside. Dotted area shows membranous parts. Abbreviations: I – X — 1 st – 10 th abdominal tergites respectively, d. e.; i. o.; pr.; par. — see text. Arrow shows damage of anal plate. Scale bar 5 mm.

FIGURES 12 – 26. Macrostylopyga spp., male, holotypes (12 – 17, 23, 24 — M. bidupi sp. nov., 18 – 22 — M. grandis sp. nov., 25, 26 — M. laosana (Anisyutkin, 2010). 12 — facial part of head; 13 — head, thorax and 1 – 7 th abdominal tergites from above; 14, 15 — abdominal apex from above (14) and below (15, hypandrium and genitalia removed); 16 — caudo-medial processes of paraprocts; 17 — hypandrium from below; 18, 22 — hind tarsus from outside (18) and below (22); 19 — arolium and claws; 20, 21, 23 – 26 — metatarsi: right fore (20, 23), right middle (21, 24), left hind (25, 26) from below (20, 21, 23, 24, 26) and outside (25). Dotted area shows membranous parts. Abbreviations: I – X — 1 st – 10 th abdominal tergites respectively, a. s.; ar.; e. r.; i. r.; pr.; par. — see text. Arrows show places of styli attachment. Scale bar (1 mm = e; 2 mm = h, i, k; 3 mm = d, j, l; 5 mm = a – c, f, g): a = 12; b = 13; c = 14; d = 15; e = 16; f = 17; g = 18; h = 19; i = 20, 21; j = 22; k = 23, 24; l = 25, 26.

FIGURES 27 – 38. Macrostylopyga spp., male genitalia, holotypes (27 – 30 — M. grandis sp. nov., 31 – 34 — M. bidupi sp. nov., 35 – 38 — M. laosana (Anisyutkin, 2010). Left phallomera from above (27, 31, 35), outside (28, 32, 36), inside (29, 33, partly, 37) and below (30, 34, partly, 38). Dotted area shows membranous parts. Figs. 35 – 38 after Anisyutkin, 2010. Abbreviations: a. c. s.; a. p.; c. pr.; d. c. p.; e. c. s.; L 1; L 2; L 3; L 4 C; L 4 C, c. p.; L 4 D; L 4 F; m. l.; r. m. l.; r. o.; s. l.; sla; t. p. — see text. Scale bar 2 mm.

FIGURES 39 – 49. Macrostylopyga spp., male genitalia, holotypes (40, 42 – 49) and paratype (39, 41) (39 – 45 — M. grandis sp. nov., 46 – 49 — M. bidupi sp. nov.). 39, 40 — left phallomere from above with sclerite L 1 (39) and from caudal (40); 41 — sclerite L 1 and process sla of left phalomere from inside; 42, 46 — sclerite L 1 from outside (42) and inside (46); 43, 44, 47, 48 — ventral phallomere from side (43, 47) and below (44, 48); 45, 49 — sclerites R 3 from outside. Dotted area shows membranous parts. Abbreviations: L 1; L 2; L 3; L 4 C; L 4 D; m. i.; r. o.; sla; t. p. — see text. Scale bar (2 mm): a = 39; b = 40; c = 41; d = 42; e = 43, 44; f = 45; g = 46; h = 47, 48; i = 49.

FIGURES 50 – 56. Macrostylopyga spp., male genitalia, holotypes (50 – 52 — M. grandis sp. nov., 53 – 55 — M. bidupi sp. nov., 56 — M. laosana (Anisyutkin, 2010). 50, 51, 53, 54 — right phallomere from above (50, 53) and below (51, 54); 52 — sclerite R 1 H; 55 — sclerites R 1 H and R 1 G from dorso-caudal; 56 — outline of sclerite R 1 H processes. Dotted area shows membranous parts. Fig. 56 after Anisyutkin, 2010. Abbreviations: p. s.; R 1 G; R 1 H; R 2; R 3; t. s. — see text. Scale bar (2 mm = a – c, g; 1 mm = d – f): a = 50; b = 51; c = 52; d = 53; e = 54; f = 55; g = 56.