Cestrotus quadrimaculatus, Shi, Yang & Gaimari, 2011

Shi, Li, Yang, Ding & Gaimari, Stephen D., 2011, Four new species from China and Southeast Asia (Diptera, Lauxaniidae, Homoneurinae), Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (4), pp. 667-693 : 668-673

Cestrotus quadrimaculatus sp. n. Figs 1-5, Plates A1, A3, B1

MATERIAL: HOLOTYPE 3 ( MHNG): Thailand , Kamphaeng Phet Province, KhlongLan District, nr KhlongLan Watf., 280 m, 16.07.51N/99.16.41E, 11-12.XII.2003, P. Schwendinger. PARATYPES: THAILAND. – Chaiyaphum Province, Pa Hin Ngam NP, deciduous, 15°39.966'N 101°27.198'E, 357 m, 19-23.xii.2006, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Katae Sa-nog & Buakaw Adnafai (T1352) (13, QSBG). – Pa Hin Ngam NP, deciduous, 15°40.232'N 101°26.942'E, 398 m, 5-12.xii.2006, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Katae Sa-nog & Buakaw Adnafai

FIGS 1-5

Cestrotus quadrimaculatus sp. n., male paratype. (1) Epandrium and protandrium, lateral view. (2) Protandrium, anterior view. (3) Epandrium, posterior view. (4) Aedeagal complex, ventral view. (5) Aedeagal complex, lateral view. Scale 0.1 mm.

(T1345) (233, 2♀♀, CSCA). – PaHinNgamNP, Drydipterocarp , 15°38.099'N 101°23.921'E, 698 m, 11-18.viii.2006, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: KataeSa-nog & BuakawAdnafai (T445) (13, BPBM) . – PaHinNgamNP, Dryevergreenforestatwaterfall , 15°34.802'N 101°25.99'E, 430 m, 22-28.xi.2006, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: KataeSa-nog & BuakawAdnafai (T1038) (13, 1♀, CSCA) . – PaHinNgamNP, Dryevergreenforestatwaterfall , 15°34.802'N 101°25.99'E, 430 m, 16-22.xi.2006, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: KataeSa-nog & BuakawAdnafai (T1035) (13, 3♀♀, CSCA) . – PaHinNgamNP, Dryevergreennexttocreek , 15°40.569'N 101°26.705'E, 461 m, 19-23.xii.2006, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: KataeSa-nog & BuakawAdnafai (T1353) (333, 1♀, QSBG) . – Pa Hin Ngam NP, ecotone between mix deciduous and dipterocarp forest, 15°38.132'N 101°23.922'E, 698 m, 7-13.ii.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: KataeSa-nog & Buakaw Adnafai (T1646) (13, QSBG) . – Pa Hin Ngam NP, Ecotone between mixed deciduous and dry dipterocarpforest, 15°34.913'N 101°25.658'E, 444 m, 16-22.xi.2006, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: Katae Sa-nog & Buakaw Adnafai (T1034) (13, 1♀, CNCI) . – Pa Hin Ngam NP, Ecotone betweenmixeddeciduousanddrydipterocarpforest, 15°34.913'N 101°25.658'E, 444 m, 10-16.xi.2006, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: KataeSa-nog & BuakawAdnafai (T1031) (1♀, USNM) . PLATE A

Head, anterior view and thorax, dorsal view.(1), (3) Cestrotus quadrimaculatus sp. n. (2), (4) Dioides merzi sp. n.

–Pa Hin Ngam NP,Mixed deciduous forest, 15°34.686'N 101°26.082'E, 419 m, 22-28.xi.2006, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Katae Sa-nog &Buakaw Adnafai (T1039) (1?,CSCA). –Pa Hin Ngam NP,Nature trail at Lan Hin Nor, 15°37.615'N 101°23.436'E, 668 m, 15-21.iii.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Katae Sa-nog &Buakaw Adnafai (T2331) (1 /,USNM). –Pa Hin Ngam NP,Thung Dok Kra Jeow in Dry evergreen, 15°38.438'N 101°23.576'E, 780 m, 7-13.i.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Katae Sa-nog &Buakaw Adnafai (T1457) (1?,1 /,BMNH). –Tat Tone NP,By the stream, 15°58.771'N 102°2.397'E, 305 m, 19-26.i.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Tawit Jaruphan & Orawan Budsawong (T1564) (1?,QSBG). –Tat Tone NP,Chaiyapoom forest fire station, 16°0.738'N 102°1.342'E, 195 m, 26.xii.2006 - 2.i.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Tawit Jaruphan & Orawan Budsawong (T1377) (1?,USNM). –Tat Tone NP,Dry Dipterocarp Forest, 15°59.037'N 102°2.103'E, 250 m, 25-27.vi.2006, ex. Malaise trap, coll: M. Sharkey (T10) (1♂,BPBM). –Tat Tone NP,Lum pa tao head water/dry evergreen, 15°58.486'N 102°2.239'E, 270 m, 19-26.ii.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Tawit Jaruphan &Orawan Budsawong (T1733) (1?,QSBG). –Tat Tone NP,Phu hang sing, 15°58.723'N 102°2.231'E, 290 m, 26.i.-2.ii.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Tawit Jaruphan &Orawan Budsawong (T1569) (1?,QSBG). –Tat Tone NP,Streamside at Tat Fah waterfall, 15°56.463'N 102°5.953'E, 242 m, 26.iii.-2.iv.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Tawit Jaruphan&Orawan Budsawong (T2355) (2 ??,1 /,BPBM). –Tat Tone NP,Streamside at Tat Fah waterfall, 15°56.463'N 102°5.953'E, 242 m, 5-12.iii.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Tawit Jaruphan&Orawan Budsawong (T2346) (2 /,QSBG). – Chiang Mai Province,Doi Inthanon NP,Vachirathan Fall, 18°32.31'N 98°36.048'E, 700 m, 15-22.iv.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Y. Areeluck (T1842) (1 /,CSCA).– Kamphaeng Phet Province,data same as holotype (1?, CAUC). – Khonkaen Province,Nam Pong NP,office, 16°37.341'N 102°34.467'E, 324 m, 19-26.vii.2006, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Khamphol Jaidee (T109) (1?,QSBG). –Nam Pong NP, office, 16°37.377'N 102°34.454'E, 344 m, 19-26.vii.2006, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Khamphol Jaidee (T111) (1?,QSBG). – Loei Province,Phu Kradueng NP,Forest protection unit Loei.5

(Phakbung), 16°50.54'N 101°41.663'E, 406 m, 25.ii.-1.iii.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: Sonkgran Kamtue (T1505) (233, CSCA; 2♀♀, QSBG). – Phu Kradueng NP, Forest protection unit Loei.5 (Phakbung), 16°50.54'N 101°41.663'E, 406 m, 7-13.ii.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: Sutin Khonglasae (T1496) (13, 1♀, QSBG; 2♀♀, CSCA). – PhetchabunProvince, KhaoKhoNP, Mixdeciduous, 16°39.589'N 101°8.185'E, 168 m, 5-12.i.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: Somchai Chachumnan & Saink Singtong (T1392) (13, USNM) . – Khao Kho NP, Mix deciduous, 16°39.589'N 101°8.185'E, 168 m, 19-26.i.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: SomchaiChachumnan & SainkSingtong (T1398) (13, QSBG) . – KhaoKhoNP, Mixdeciduousnearoffice , 16°39.587'N 101°8.134'E, 220 m, 26.ii.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: SomchaiChachumnan & SainkSingtong (T1608) (1♀, CNCI) . – KhaoKhoNP, office, 16°39.479'N 101°8.105'E, 220 m, 12-19.vii.2006, ex. Malaise trap, coll: Somchai Chatchumnan & Sa-ink Singtong (T166) (13, USNM) . – Khao KhoNP, ViewpointatKhlaStream, 16°39.12'N 101°7.81'E, 246 m, 12-19.iii.2007, ex. Malaise trap, coll: SomchaiChachumnan & SainkSingtong (T2413) (3♀♀, QSBG; 1♀, BPBM). – SakonNakhonProvince, PhuPhanNP, NamHomWaterfall # SaoHi, 17°7.34'N 104°0.788'E, 344 m, 25-31.iii.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: SailomTongboonchai (T2377) (13, 1♀, USNM) . – PhuPhanNP, Northofwell , 17°3.543'N 103°58.452'E, 312 m, 23-30.i.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: Sailom Tongboonchai (T1525) (233, 1♀, USNM) . – Phu Phan NP, West of well, 17°3.521'N 103°58.45'E, 322 m, 5-11.i.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: SailomTongboonchai (T1517) (233, 1♀, CNCI) . – PhuPhanNP, Westofwell , 17°3.521'N 103°58.45'E, 322 m, 17- 23.i.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: SailomTongboonchai (T1523) (13, 1♀, NHMW) . – PhuPhan NP, Westofwell , 17°3.521'N 103°58.45'E, 322 m, 23-30.i.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: Sailom Tongboonchai (T1526) (1♀, QSBG) . – Ubon Ratchathani Province , Pha Taem NP, Saeng ChanWaterfall, 15°31.985'N 105°35.774'E, 155 m, 12-20.iii.2007, ex. Malaisetrap, coll: Porntip Tonsu & Bunlu Sapsiri (T2146) (1♀, QSBG) . VIETNAM. – Tay Ninth Province , Nui BaDen, 300 m, 11.22N / 106.11E, 20-21.VIII.2003, P. Schwendinger (1♀, MHNG; 13, CAUC) .

ETYMOLOGY: Latin, quadri -, prefix meaning four + maculatus, meaning maculate or with spots, referring to the face having a pair of pale brown subbasal spots and a pair of blackish brown round subapical spots; a masculine adjective.

DIAGNOSIS: Face with a pair of pale brown subbasal spots and a pair of blackish brown round subapical spots. Antennal 1st flagellomere entirely yellow. Palpus yellow. Mesonotum with a pair of grayish brown median stripes, a pair of grayish brown sublateral stripes along upper margin of sa and a pair of brownish gray lateral stripes behind suture. Scutellum yellow with dense yellow pruinosity. All legs yellow, femora with a grayish black apicoventral spot, tibiae with a subbasal and apical black ring and tarsomeres 3-5 brown. Wing with a wide, brown, subapical stripe from costal margin to hind margin; a hyaline elliptical spot on M 1 present between r-m and dm-cu; r-m and dm-cu brown. Abdomen brown to black with dense gray pruinosity, some tergites with yellow laterally.

DESCRIPTION

Length: body 3.5-4.0 mm (male), 4.0 mm (female); wing 3.4-3.7 mm (male), 3.7 mm (female).

Head (Plates A1, A3) pale yellow. Frons as long as wide and parallel-sided, with dense pale yellow pruinosity; with a pair of black velvety triangular spots, covering base of anterior or and a median hump slightly projecting anteriorly; ocellar triangle grayish black, with 3 rows of short setulae on grayish median stripe behind ocellar triangle; oc strong and longer than anterior or; anterior or reclinate, shorter than posterior or. Face covered by sparse white pruinosity, with a pair of pale brown subbasal spots, a pair of blackish brown subapical spots and three dark spots on ventral margin. Gena about 1/4 height of eye, with 1 long seta and a black spot. Antennal scape and pedicel grayish black, 1st flagellomere entirely yellow, nearly 1.8 times as long as high; arista brown, long plumose, with longest setula as long as height of 1st flagellomere. A pale brown spot present between antenna and eye. Proboscis yellow, except pale brown at tip, with yellowish and blackish setulae; palpus yellow, with blackish setulae.

Thorax (Plate A3) black, with dense grayish and yellowish pruinosity. Mesonotum with a pair of grayish brown median stripes, a pair of grayish brown sublateral stripes along upper margin of sa, a pair of brownish gray lateral stripes behind suture and a black rectangular spot on postpronotum; 0+2 dc; acr in irregular 8 rows; prsc longer than 1st postsutural dc. 1 anepst, 2 kepst. Scutellum yellow, with dense yellow pruinosity. Halter pale yellow.

Legs yellow, all femora with sparse grayish pruinosity and a grayish black apicoventral spot, all tibiae with a subbasal and apical black ring and tarsomeres 3-5 brown. Fore femur with 4-5 pv and 5-6 pd, ctenidium with 12 short setulae; fore tibia with 1 preapical ad and 1 short apv. Mid femur with 5 a; mid tibia with 1 preapical ad and 2 strong apv. hind tibia with 1 short preapical ad and 1 short apv.

Wing (Plate B1) hyaline, with brown irregular spots; a wide brown subapical stripe extending from costal margin to hind margin; an hyaline elliptical spot on M 1 present between r-m and dm-cu; r-m and dm-cu brown; subcostal cell hyaline, with a pale brown round apical spot, extending nearly to R 2+3; Costa with 2nd (between R 1 and R 2+3), 3rd (between R 2+3 and R 4+5) and 4th (between R 4+5 and M 1) sections in proportion of 1.7 mm: 0.6 mm: 0.3 mm; r-m beyond middle of distal cell; ultimate and penultimate sections of M 1 in proportion of 1.1 mm: 2.0 mm; ultimate section of CuA 1 about 1/13 of penultimate.

Abdomen brown to black, with dense gray pruinosity, some tergites with yellow laterally. Male genitalia (Figs 1-5): protandrium circular; epandrium broad in lateral view; surstylus with an acuate process, curved upward; hypandrium broad at middle and curved backward, hypandrial apodeme small; aedeagus with a pair of triangular basal processes, a deep apical incision, subuliform apically in ventral view and curved backward in lateral view.

REMARKS: The new species is similar to Cestrotus pilosus (Hendel) from Tanzania. According to the original description by Hendel (1920) and study of the type, they share the following characters: face with white pruinosity and brown spots, antennal scape and pedicel grayish black, 1st flagellomere yellow, mesonotum with acr in 8 rows, wing broadly brown in apical third. But it can be separated from the latter by the pruinose brown stripe behind the ocellar triangle flanked on both sides by solid yellow pruinose upper frons, the mesonotum having a pair of grayish brown median stripes and a pair of short brownish gray lateral stripes separated completely, the scutellum having grayish yellow pruinosity, and the distal margin of the wing being hyaline. In Cestrotus pilosus, the area behind the ocellar triangle is concolorous with the upper frons, the mesonotum has four brown stripes confluent on the anterior half and isolated on the posterior half, the scutellum is bright yellow pruinose, the distal margin of the wing is completely brown with no marginal hyaline area, and other details of the wing differ.

DISTRIBUTION: Thailand, Vietnam.