Ultragryllacris Gorochov et Dawwrueng, 2015

Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Gorochov, Andrei V. & Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, 2023, Revision of the genus Ultragryllacris (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae: Gryllacridinae), with description of new species, Zootaxa 5389 (4), pp. 445-458 : 446-447

Ultragryllacris Gorochov et Dawwrueng, 2015

Type species: Ultragryllacris pulchra Gorochov et Dawwrueng, 2015

A key to all known species and subspecies (excluding Simao’s population of U. rubricapitis considered below, in the discussion on this species)

1. Body coloration orange-brown with black ornament only on frons or scapes ( Figs. 4–5 , 15–21 , 26–28 , 86–88 )........... 2

- Body coloration ivory white or pinkish white with black ornament also on pronotum, legs and sometimes on dorsum of head ( Figs. 1–3 , 6–14 , 22–25 , 81–85 )......................................................................... 3

2. Head in both sexes with frons and lower part of clypeus usually light, and with large black areas under eyes and antennal cavities as well as with darkened rest of clypeus ( Figs. 15–17 ); process of male 9 th abdominal tergite distinctly narrowing toward apex in dorsal view, with apical part slightly curved upward in lateral view ( Figs. 36, 45 ); female subgenital plate rather short and almost rounded distally and with small transverse sclerotized stripe ventrally ( Fig. 79 )....................................................................................................... U. jiaranaisakuli sp. nov.

- Head in both sexes with frons and lower part of clypeus orange to slightly reddish, and with one very large black area located under eyes, antennal cavities and median ocellus (and often also above this ocellus) as well as including upper half or upper two thirds of clypeus ( Figs. 18–21 ); process of male 9 th abdominal tergite completely broad (its lateral edges almost parallel in dorsal view), with distal part slightly curved downward in lateral view ( Figs. 37, 46 ); female subgenital plate slightly longer and with truncated apex as well as with larger transverse sclerotized stripe ( Fig. 80 )................. U. chandra sp. nov.

3. Head with a pair of vertical black stripes laterally connected dark spots under eyes with dark mandibles, and with completely light clypeus; process of 9 th abdominal tergite of male distincly narrowing toward apex, almost triangulate in dorsal and ventral views ( Figs. 29–30, 47–48 )............................................................................. 4

- Head without dark stripes connected dark spots under eyes with dark mandibles, and darkened clypeus with light edge in apical part and median line which trident-liked shape, or almost completely darkened; process of 9 th abdominal tergite of male with subparallel lateral margins or slightly narrowing toward apex in dorsal and ventral views ( Figs. 31–33, 35, 49–51, 53 )..... 5

4. Border around each antennal cavity completely black; head dorsum with small black spot after each eye; pronotum with light median interruption between black areas along anterior margin and without blackish ventral border on each lateral lobe; female subgenital plate distally almost rounded (with barely distinct, very small apical notch; Fig. 73 )....................................................................................................... U. alboclypeata triangula

- Border around each antennal cavity black with two light interruptions or one long light interruption along medial and ventral margins of this cavity ( Figs 6–8 ); head dorsum with large (long) black spot after each eye; pronotum without light median interruption in black area along anterior margin and with blackish ventral border on each lateral lobe; female subgenital plate distinctly bilobate in distal part ( Fig. 72 )............................................ U. alboclypeata alboclypeata

5. Head reddish purple; fore and mid tibia light color; base of dorsal spines on hind tibia without dark areas............... 6

- Head ivory white or ivory color or slightly reddish; fore and mid tibia completely or partly darkened; base of dorsal spines on hind tibia with dark areas............................................................................... 7

6. 9 th abdominal tergite of male with distal portion distinctly widened in apical part and slightly inflated in profile, and with sclerotized ridges of ventral edge in shape of transverse stripes ( Figs. 33, 42, 51 ); female subgenital plate slightly bilobate at apex ( Fig. 76 ) ……………................................................................... U. rubricapitis

- 9 th abdominal tergite of male with distal portion not widened in apical part and strongly inflated in profile, and with sclerotized ridges of ventral edge in shape of broad triangles ( Figs. 35, 44, 53 ); female subgenital plate roundly angular at apex ( Fig. 78 )................................................................................. U. intermediata sp. nov.

7. Upper part of rostrum, most part of head dorsum and border around each antennal cavity black; process of 9 th abdominal tergite of male with distinctly widened apical part, not convex ventrally in lateral view ( Figs. 32, 41, 50 ); female subgenital plate with narrowly and roundly truncate apex ( Fig. 75 )........................................................... U. nan

- Rostrum and dorsum of head light but with a pair of rather large black dorsal stripes between eyes, and border around each antennal cavity black with light interruption or two such interruptions; process of 9 th abdominal tergite of male with slightly widened apical part, convex ventrally in lateral view ( Figs. 31, 40, 49 ); female subgenital plate slightly bilobate at apex ( Fig. 74 )........................................................................................ U. pulchra

Figures

FIGURES 1–5. General habitus in dorsal view: Ultragryllacris alboclypeata alboclypeata, male (1); Ultragryllacris nan, female (2); Ultragryllacris intermediata sp. nov., male (3); Ultragryllacris jiaranaisakuli sp. nov., male (4); Ultragryllacris chandra sp. nov., male (5).

FIGURES 6–21. Head in front: Ultragryllacris alboclypeata alboclypeata, male (6–7), female (8); Ultragryllacris nan, female (9–10); Ultragryllacris intermediata sp. nov., male holotype (11), male paratype (12), female paratypes (13–14); Ultragryllacris jiaranaisakuli sp. nov., male holotype (15), male paratype (16), female (17); Ultragryllacris chandra sp. nov., male holotype (18), male paratypes (19–20), female paratype (21).

FIGURES 22–28. Head and prothorax in dorsal view: Ultragryllacris nan, female (22–23); Ultragryllacris intermediata sp. nov., male paratype (24), female paratype (25); Ultragryllacris jiaranaisakuli sp. nov., female (26); Ultragryllacris chandra sp. nov., male paratype (27), female (28).

FIGURES 81–88. In-situ and ex-situ: Ultragryllacris alboclypeata alboclypeata, male (81) and female (82); Ultragryllacris nan, female in different positions (83–84); Ultragryllacris intermediata sp. nov., female (85); Ultragryllacris jiaranaisakuli sp. nov., male (86), female (87); Ultragryllacris chandra sp. nov., male (88).

FIGURES 29–63. Apex of male abdomen. Ultragryllacris alboclypeata alboclypeata (29, 38, 47, 56); Ultragryllacris a. triangula (30, 39, 48, 57); Ultragryllacris pulchra (31, 40, 49); Ultragryllacris nan (32, 41, 50, 58); Ultragryllacris rubricapitis from Mengla’s population (33, 42, 51, 59) and from Simao’s population (34, 43, 52, 60); Ultragryllacris intermediata sp. nov. (35, 44, 53, 61); Ultragryllacris jiaranaisakuli sp. nov. (36, 45, 54, 62); Ultragryllacris chandra sp. nov. (37, 46, 55, 63): 9th abdominal tergite, dorsal view (29–37), lateral view (38, 40, 42–46), lateral and slightly dorsal view (39, 41), ventral view (47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55); distal half of subgenital plate, ventral view (56–63); abdominal apex, ventral view (49). Modified from Gorochov et al., 2015 (31, 40, 49), from Ingrisch, 2018 (30, 32, 39, 41, 48, 50, 57–58), from Bin & Bian, 2021 (33, 42, 51, 59) and Lu et al., 2023 (34, 43, 52, 60).

FIGURES 64–80. Apex of female abdomen: Ultragryllacris alboclypeata alboclypeata (64, 72); Ultragryllacris a. triangula (65, 73); Ultragryllacris pulchra (66, 74); Ultragryllacris nan (67, 75); Ultragryllacris rubricapitis from Mengla’s population (68, 76) and Simao’s population (77); Ultragryllacris intermediata sp. nov. (69, 78); Ultragryllacris jiaranaisakuli sp. nov. (70, 79); Ultragryllacris chandra sp. nov. (71, 80). Ovipositor, lateral view (64–71); subgenital plate, ventral view (72–80). Modified from Gorochov et al., 2015 (66, 74), from Ingrsich, 2018 (65, 73), from Bin & Bian, 2021 (68, 76) and Lu et al., 2023 (77). Note for subgenital plate: small dots near greyish area (75, 79, 80) denote membranous area; greyish area of all subgenital plate denote sclerotized band excepted basal part of this plate (73) is not pictured (no clue about sclerotized band from Ingrisch, 2018).