Plumarius

Diez, Patricia A. & Roig-Alsina, Arturo, 2016, Revision of Plumarius Philippi 1873 (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea, Plumariidae) from Argentina north of Patagonia, with description of eighteen new species, Zootaxa 4098 (3), pp. 442-470 : 443-445

Key to males of Plumarius from Argentina north of Patagonia

1. Lateral ocelli in frontal view reaching or surpassing upper margin of head ( Fig. 21A ).............................. 2

- Lateral ocelli in frontal view not reaching upper margin of head ( Figs 2 A–18A)................................... 4

2. Malar area as long as apical width of F1; lower area of genal bridge close to mandibular articulation with carinae ( Fig. 21 B) (Vertex smooth anteriorly, without punctures)................................ P. stangei Diez, Fidalgo & Roig-Alsina

- Malar area 1.3–1.9 × as long as apical width of F1; lower area of genal bridge close to mandibular articulation smooth, without carinae............................................................................................. 3

3. Vertex densely punctate anteriorly; metatrochanter with ventral setose area, such area absent on ventral surface of coxa........................................................................ P. culminatus Diez, Fidalgo & Roig-Alsina

- Vertex smooth anteriorly, without punctures; metacoxa and, metatrochanter with ventral setose areas..... P. willinki Fidalgo

4. Radiating striae arising close to anterior mandibular articulation running up to malar area, antennal insertion and supraclypeal area; clypeus with at least few striae laterally; aedeagus with preapical spines (except P. s p in i fe r u s)................... 5

- Radiating striae absent, a single furrow runs from near anterior mandibular articulation to antennal insertion; clypeus without striae; aedeagus without preapical spines..................................................... P. politus sp. nov.

5. Face in lateral view not bigibbous, either clypeus or supraclypeal area alone strongly convex, or both slightly convex to flat..................................................................................................... 6

- Face in lateral view bigibbous, due to convex clypeus and convex supraclypeal area ( Fig. 21 C)......... P. hirticornis André

6. Metacoxa on under surface with specialized setose area ( Fig. 21 D).............................................. 7

- Metacoxa on under surface with hairs sparse, similar to those under mid coxa..................................... 10

7. Maxillary palp short, segments 4–6 as long as or shorter than segment three; scape basally swollen or projected.......... 8

- Maxillary palp long, segments 4–6 1.3–1.6 × as lon as segment 3; scape without basal swellings or projections............................................................................................. P. filipalpis Roig -Alsina

8. Supraclypeal area with step-like protuberance ( Fig. 21 E); scape basally with ventral compressed, rounded expansion............................................................................................. P. gradifrons Diez

- Supraclypeal area flat in profile; scape cylindrical or projected into spine........................................ 9

9. Scape with basal spiniform projection ( Fig. 21 F); maginal cell with anterior margin 2.6 × posterior margin................................................................................................. P. spiniferus Roig-Alsina

- Scape cylindrical ( Fig. 3 C); marginal cell with anterior margin 1.8–2.2 × posterior margin.......... P. sarophorus sp. nov.

10. T7 with median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 4 D).............................................................. 11

- T7 without median longitudinal carina................................................................... 12

11. Clypeus with a globular median prominence ( Fig. 4 C); marginal cell with anterior margin 2.4 × longer than posterior margin.................................................................................... P. globulosus sp. nov.

- Clypeus slightly convex to flat; marginal cell with anterior margin 3.2 × longer than posterior margin … P. angulatus sp. nov.

12. Median ocellus in frontal view crossed by ( Figs 1 , 4 A), or tangent to ( Fig. 9 A) supra-torular line; genal carina present.... 13

- Median ocellus in frontal view above supra-torular line ( Fig. 14 A); genal carina usually absent....................... 20

13. Marginal cell with anterior margin 2.5–3.0 × longer than posterior margin........................................ 14

- Marginal cell with anterior margin 1.9–2.4 × longer than posterior margin...................................... 16

14. Area anterior to pronotal lobe smooth; propodeum behind spiracle not swollen......................... P. no a sp. nov.

- Area anterior to pronotal lobe with striae; propodeum elevated behind spiracle.................................... 15

15. Malar area short (1.0–1.1 × apical width of F1); outer margins of malar areas in frontal view diverging from margin of eye to margin of mandible ( Fig. 7 A, arrow); punctures of anterior part of mesoscutum usually not extending beyond notauli; apex of paramere rounded..................................................................... P. divergens sp. nov.

- Malar area long (1.3–1.8 × apical width of F1); outer margins of malar areas in frontal view parallel ( Fig. 8 A); punctures of anterior part of mesoscutum extending beyond notauli on anterior dorsal surface; apex of paramere truncate ( Fig. 8 D, F).......................................................................................... P. malaris sp. nov.

16. Median ocellus in frontal view tangent to supra-torular line ( Fig. 9 A); torulus separated from lateral ocellus by 0.80 × distance to margin of clypeus.................................................................... P. gracilior sp. nov.

- Median ocellus in frontal view crossed by supra-torular line ( Fig. 10 A); torulus separated from lateral ocellus by 0.30–0.40 × distance to margin of clypeus........................................................................... 17

17. F1 short, approximately as long as distance from upper margin of clypeus to lower margin of median ocellus (1:1.0–1.2) ( Fig. 1 , a).............................................................................................. 18

- F1 longer than distance from upper margin of clypeus to lower margin of median ocellus (1: 1.3–1.4)............... … 19

18. Head in frontal view as wide as long; lateral ocelli in frontal view usually above imaginary line tangent to upper margin of eyes ( Fig. 10 A)............................................................................ P. riojanus sp. nov.

- Head in frontal view 1.3 wider than long; lateral ocelli in frontal view crossed by imaginary line tangent to upper margin of eyes ( Fig. 11 A).................................................................... P. exophthalmus sp. nov.

19. Propodeum swollen behind spiracle; clypeus in profile nearly flat ( Fig. 12 C)....................... P. planatus sp. nov.

- Propodeum not swollen behind spiracle; clypeus in profile more convex ( Fig. 13 C)................ P. albinervis sp. nov.

20. Scape basally without ventral rounded projection.......................................................... 21

- Scape basally with ventral rounded projection ( Fig. 14 C)........................................ P. t u m i d u lu s Papp

21. Apical margin of clypeus pointed ( Fig. 16 A) or rounded; clypeus 1.3–1.4 × wider than high; protarsomere 1 with two outer lat- eral spines......................................................................................... 22

- Apical margin of clypeus nearly straight; clypeus transverse (1.6 × wider than high) ( Fig. 15 A); protarsomere 1 without outer lateral spines......................................................................... P. truncatus sp. nov.

22. Marginal cell with anterior margin 2.1 × as long as posterior margin, or longer, apex of cell narrowed................. 23

- Marginal cell with anterior margin at most 1.8 × as long as posterior margin, apex of cell obtuse.................... 24

23. OOD 2.7–3.0 × maximum diameter of lateral ocellus...................................... P. mikrommatus sp. nov.

- OOD 1.8 × maximum diameter of lateral ocellus............................................. P. obscurus sp. nov.

24. Torulus closer to lateral ocellus than to clypeus (1.4:2.0–1.2:2.0); marginal cell narrowed in central area, shortest distance between pterostigma and vein 4Rs, 0.28 × length of posterior margin of cell (r–rs) ( Fig. 18 D).......... P. gracilis sp. nov.

- Torulus nearly as close to lateral ocellus as to clypeus (1.4:1.5); marginal cell wider in central area, shortest distance between pterostigma and vein 4RS, 0.55–0.70 × length of posterior margin of cell........................................ 25

25. OOD 1.6–1.7 × maximum diameter of elipsoidal lateral ocellus; lateral striae of clypeus extending on lateral third of clypeus...................................................................................... P. fidalgoi sp. nov.

- OOD 2.3–2.5 × maximum diameter of lateral ocellus, which is nearly circular; lateral striae of clypeus extending on lateral fourth of clypeus..................................................................... P. ocellulatus sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Plumarius sp., ♂. A, Head, frontral view (a: distance from upper margin of clypeus to lower margin of median ocellus; b: supra-torular line; c: distance from torulus to lateral ocellus; d: distance from torulus to clypeus); B, Genital capsule, ventral view.

FIGURE 2. Plumarius politus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontral view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3. Plumarius sarophorus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontral view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 4. Plumarius globulosus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, T 7, longitudinal carina; E, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Plumarius divergens sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8. Plumarius malaris, sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, lateral view; E – F; Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 9. Plumarius gracilior sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 10. Plumarius riojanus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Plumarius exophthalmus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 12. Plumarius planatus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 13. Plumarius albinervis sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 14. Plumarius tumidulus Papp, ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 15. Plumarius truncatus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 16. Plumarius mikrommatus sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view; D, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 18. Plumarius gracilis sp. nov., ♂. A, Head, frontal view; B, Head, ventral view; C, Head, lateral view, D, Fore wing, marginal cell; E, Genital capsule, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 21. A, Plumarius ocellatus, Head, frontal view. B, P. stangei, Head, ventral view. C, P. hirticornis, Head, lateral view. D; P. gradifrons, setose area on metacoxa, ventral view. E, P. gradifrons, Head, lateral view. F, P. spiniferus, Head, lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.